摘要:
针对传统的遥感数据处理方法处理数据速度慢、耗时长等缺点,基于GEE云平台和Landsat TM/OLI遥感数据,采用面向对象分类方法提取2000年、2010年和2020年广西山口自然保护区红树林分布信息,结合景观分析方法监测研究区红树林时空变化特征并揭示其驱动因素。结果表明: ①2000—2020年,山口自然保护区红树林面积增加约63 hm2,其中2010—2020年间面积增幅较大,约40 hm2; ②相对于其他土地利用类型,互花米草和滩涂与红树林的面积转化最剧烈,20 a间共有152 hm2互花米草和滩涂转化为红树林,有122 hm2红树林转化为互花米草; ③2000—2020年,研究区红树林景观表现为破碎化程度减小、斑块聚集度增加、景观优势性不断扩大,且红树林质心呈现向陆迁移的趋势; ④在影响保护区红树林面积变化的因素中,入侵植被治理与适度的水产养殖能促进红树林面积增加,而气候变化、外来植被入侵对红树林植物群落生长有消极影响。研究结果可为广西山口红树林湿地保护与管理提供方法借鉴和数据基础。
Abstract:
Conventional processing methods for remote sensing data are inefficient and time-consuming. Using the object-oriented classification method this study extracted the distribution of mangrove forests of 2000, 2010, and 2020 in the Shankou Mangrove Nature Reserve in Guangxi based on the GEE cloud platform and Landsat TM/OLI remote sensing data. Then, this study monitored the spatio-temporal variations in mangrove forests in the study area in combination with the landscape analysis method and revealed their driving factors. The results are as follows: ① During 2000—2020, the mangrove forests in the study area increased by about 63 hm2, including a significant increase of about 40 hm2 during 2010—2020; ② Compared with other land use types, the mangrove forests showed the most intense conversion with spartina alterniflora areas and mudflats, with 152 hm2 of spartina alterniflora areas and mudflats being converted to mangrove forests and 122 hm2 of mangrove forests being converted to spartina alterniflora areas over the 20 years; ③ During 2000—2020, the mangrove landscape in the study area showed decreased fragmentation, increased patch aggregation, continuously expanded landscape dominance, and landward migration of the mangrove forest centroid; ④ Among the factors affecting the area of mangrove forests in the nature reserve, the control of invasive vegetation and moderate aquaculture can increase the area of mangrove forests, while climate changes and invasive vegetation had adverse effects on the growth of mangrove forests. The results of this study will provide a method reference and data basis for the conservation and management of mangrove wetlands in Shankou, Guangxi.
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