The extraction and analysis of Luding earthquake-induced landslide based on high-resolution optical satellite images
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摘要: 2022年9月5日,四川省甘孜州泸定县发生6.8级地震,地震诱发大量山体滑坡。为满足震后大范围滑坡快速提取需求,文章使用泸定震前震后高分二号和高分六号卫星影像和数字高程模型(digital elevation model,DEM)数据,利用面向对象方法,采用多尺度逐步优化分割方法,根据实验区对象光谱、专题指数、几何纹理、地形特征,利用最近邻分类快速提取滑坡信息。震前震后总体识别精度分别为92.3%和95.4%。对地震前后滑坡分布进行综合分析,确定地震诱发新增滑坡23.91 km2。选取7种地形因子,通过空间统计分析总结震后滑坡分布特征,发现震后滑坡主要受鲜水河断裂带影响,沿河流呈带状分布、沿断裂带附近山坡沟谷片状密集分布; 与历史滑坡相比,新增滑坡高程范围较为稳定,分布坡度范围扩大,震后滑坡与地表粗糙度呈现明显的负相关关系。研究为震后滑坡提取提供了技术参考。Abstract: On September 5, 2022, a Ms 6.8 earthquake occurred in Luding County, Ganzi Prefecture, Sichuan Province, inducing numerous landslides. This study collected the pre- and post-earthquake images from the GF-2 and GF-6 satellites, as well as the DEM data of Luding. Then, using the object-oriented method, the stepwise optimization multi-scale segmentation method, and the nearest neighbor classification method, this study extracted the landslide information according to the spectrum, thematic index, geometric texture, and topographic features of the objects in the experimental area. The overall identification accuracy of pre- and post-earthquake landslides was 92.3% and 95.4%, respectively. The comprehensive analysis of the distribution of pre- and post-earthquake landslide landslides shows that 23.91 km2 of new landslides were induced by the earthquake. This study summarized the distribution characteristics of post-earthquake landslides through the spatial statistical analysis of seven topographic factors. The results are as follows: ① The post-earthquake landslides were mainly affected by the Xianshuihe fault zone, and they show a banded distribution along rivers and a lamellar, dense distribution along the hillsides and valleys near the fault zone; ② Compared with the historical landslides, the new landslides have a relatively stable elevation range and a large slope range. Moreover, there is a significantly negative correlation between the area of the post-earthquake landslides and the surface roughness.
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