摘要:
黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展已成为国家战略,对黄河入海口滩区水体范围进行动态监测研究,避免水体演变所衍生出的潜在淹没风险具有重要意义。通过获取长时序丰水期Landsat系列遥感卫星影像数据集,采用基于决策树的多指数陆表水体提取方法,获取黄河入海口滩区1976—2020年10个研究时点的最大水体范围,并通过叠加分析计算各个区域历史淹没频次,进而识别城镇村庄居民点和采矿用地淹没风险。研究结果表明,10个研究时点中被淹没5次以上的区域为463.7 km2,以2015年共631个城镇村庄居民点和采矿用地为例,低淹没风险413个,中淹没风险52个,高淹没风险20个。黄河入海口滩区城镇村庄居民点等建设用地应明确迁建需求,科学迁建选址,完善基础设施。
Abstract:
The ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River basin has become a national strategy. Hence, conducting dynamic monitoring research on the extent of water bodies in the beach area of the Yellow River estuary to avoid potential inundation risks from the evolution of water bodies holds critical significance. Based on the Landsat remote sensing image dataset for wet seasons in the long term, this study extracted the maximum water body extents in the beach area of the Yellow River estuary at 10 time points from 1976 to 2020 using the decision tree-based multi-index land surface water body extraction method. Moreover, this study calculated the historical inundation frequency of each zone through overlay analysis, further identifying the inundation risks of urban and rural settlements and mining land. The findings reveal an area of 463.7 km2 inundated over five times at 10 time points. Among 631 urban and rural settlements and mining land in 2015, 413, 52, and 20 exhibited low, medium, and high inundation risks, respectively. Overall, it is necessary to specify the relocation requirements, scientifically select relocation sites, and improve the infrastructure targeting construction land like urban and rural settlements in the beach area of the Yellow River estuary.