River and lake sand mining in the Dongting Lake area: Supervision based on high-resolution remote sensing images and typical case analysis
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摘要: 为研究高分遥感技术在洞庭湖区河湖采砂监管中的应用,基于近20 a来航天航空高分遥感影像,采取人机交互解译与实地调查验证相结合的方法,总结河湖砂石开采的地表要素类型与涵义,建立河湖采砂遥感解译标志,剖析具有代表性的典型案例。研究表明: 河湖砂石开采遥感解译标志不同于前人总结的陆域矿山开采的解译标志,其采矿设备为采砂船,“挖洲”开采面致使水涯线呈锯齿状,运矿设备为运砂船,中转场地有堆沙场和砂石码头,采场附近出现水体浑浊、洲滩萎缩等地表覆盖变化。通过华龙堆砂场的变迁、城陵矶砂石码头治理和东洞庭湖飘尾洲非法采砂等3个典型案例分析,表明高分遥感技术可为河湖砂石监管提供技术支持。Abstract: This study aims to investigate the application of high-resolution remote sensing images in the supervision of river and lake sand mining in the Dongting Lake area. Based on the aerial and space high-resolution remote sensing images over the past 20 years, as well as human-computer interaction interpretation and field investigation verification, this study summarized the types and meanings of surface elements in river and lake sand mining, established the remote sensing interpretation symbols for river and lake sand mining, and analyzed representative typical cases. The results show that the interpretation symbols of remote sensing images for river and lake sand mining differ from those for onshore mining summarized previously. The river and lake sand mining was carried out using dredges as the mining equipment, sand carriers as the transport equipment, and sand yards and docks as transfer sites. The mining surfaces caused serrated bank lines during sandbar digging. Furthermore, surface cover changed near mining areas, including turbid water and shrinkage of sandbars and shoals. This study analyzed three typical cases, namely the evolution of the Hualong sand yard, the treatment of the Chenglingji wharf, and the illegal sand mining in Piaoweizhou of the eastern Dongting Lake. The analytical results indicate that high-resolution remote sensing can provide technical support for supervising river and lake sand mining.
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