摘要:
在有路导航日臻成熟的背景下,该文结合车辆在复杂非结构化环境下对导航服务的需求,提出了无路导航这一多学科交叉研究方向。首先,介绍了有路导航的发展及无路导航的需求场景,基于车辆通过性的4个具体方面,提出了从有路导航走向无路导航过程中的科学问题,包括地理-地质通行要素精细化遥感探测、无路区域软地面土壤参数遥感获取、天候变化对地面特性的定量影响机理,阐明了无路导航的研究导向; 然后,归纳了车辆通过性计算与表征技术、无路区域数字路网构建技术、无路导航智能路径规划技术等关键技术,提出了“无路区域有路化”的技术途径与无路区域数字路网的概念,构建了无路导航技术体系; 最后,结合无路导航相关技术的实践,展现了其应用潜力。无路导航的研究将进一步丰富导航的内涵,拓宽导航应用边界。
Abstract:
In the context of the growing maturity of on-road navigation, this study proposed a cross-disciplinary research direction-off-road navigation-based on the demands for navigation services in complex and unstructured environments. First, the development of on-road navigation and the demand scenarios of off-road navigation were introduced. Based on four specific aspects of vehicle trafficability, scientific issues in the transition from on-road to off-road navigation were presented, including refining remote sensing detection of geographical and geological trafficability elements, remote sensing-based retrieval of soft soil parameters in off-road areas, and quantitative mechanisms behind the impacts of climatic change on ground characteristics. Accordingly, the research direction of off-road navigation was clarified. Then, key technologies like vehicle trafficability calculation and characterization, digital road network construction in off-road areas, and intelligent path planning for off-road navigation were summarized. The technical approach of roadization for off-road areas and the concept of a digital road network for off-road areas were introduced, followed by the establishment of a comprehensive technology system for off-road navigation. Finally, in combination with practical applications, the potential of off-road navigation was confirmed. Research on off-road navigation will further enrich the connotation of navigation and expand its application boundaries.
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