Geochemistry and Nd-Hf isotopes of the Early Permian volcanic rocks in Hangwula of northern Alxa area and their tectonic significance
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摘要:
位于阿拉善恩格尔乌苏蛇绿岩带北侧的珠斯楞-杭乌拉构造带，分布较完整的早二叠世方山口组火山岩，对解析阿拉善地块晚古生代晚期的构造演化具有重要意义。方山口组以灰绿色安山岩、安山质角砾熔岩为主，局部含集块。安山岩SiO2含量为54.23%~60.81%，Al2O3为13.67%~15.96%，MgO为4.26%~5.76%，Mg#值为42~50；Na2O含量（2.21%~3.48%）与K2O（2.51%~3.49%）相当，具较高的TFe2O3（7.98%~11.24%），低的CaO（2.52%~3.36%）和TiO2（0.75%~1.32%），为过铝质钙碱性安山岩；安山岩在稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分图上，轻稀土元素略富集，（La/Yb）N=3.73~9.86，具负Eu异常（δEu=0.52~0.75）；在微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图上，富集Rb、K，亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等；变化范围非常大的εNd（t）（-4.3~-14.2）、εHf（t）（-19.8~+1.4）。上述特征表明，安山岩属于壳幔物质混合的产物，形成于板内裂谷环境。结合区域地质背景研究资料，进一步指出，恩格尔乌苏蛇绿岩带所代表的大洋在晚石炭世之前已经闭合；晚石炭世-早二叠世北山-阿拉善-内蒙古中部地区已进入板内构造岩浆-沉积阶段。
Abstract:Volcanic rocks of Fangshankou Formation are widely distributed in Hangwula area on the northern side of Engger Us ophiolitic belt in the Alxa area.These rocks are very essential for interpreting tectonic evolution of the southern part of Central Asian orogenic belt.Early Permian rocks in this stratum mainly consist of grayish green andesite and andesitic breccia lava, partly with agglomerate.The andesite has SiO2 content of 54.23%~60.81%, Al2O3 content of 13.67%~15.96%, MgO content of 4.26%~5.76%, and Mg# of 42~50 with the content of Na2O(2.21%~3.48%)less than that of K2O(2.51%~3.49%).These rocks also have high TFe2O3(7.98%~11.24%)and low CaO(2.52%~3.36%)as well as TiO2(0.75%~1.32%).They should be peraluminous calc-alkaline rocks.Andesite samples are enriched in light rare earth elements(LREE)and depleted in heavy rare earth elements(HREE).The differentiation between LREE and HREE is not obvious with(La/Yb)N equal to 3.73~9.86.Samples show negative Eu anomalies with δEu being 0.52~0.75.The chondrite-normalized REE patterns are similar to E-MORB.The samples of andesite are enriched in such elements as Rb and K and depleted in such elements as Nb, Ta and Ti.What's more, they have εNd(t)=-4.3~-14.2 and εHf(t)=-19.8~+1.4.These characteristics suggest that andesites were sourced from mixing of the mantle and the crust and formed in intraplate rift.Considering a lot of geological materials related to this area, the authors conclude that the branch of the PAO(Paleo-Asian Ocean)represented by Engger Us ophiolitic belt had been closed before Late Carboniferous, and that, during Late Carboniferous to Early Permian, magmatic activities in the study area occurred in an intraplate extensional setting.
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Key words:
- Fangshankou Formation /
- volcanic rocks /
- Early Permian /
- Alxa area /
- Paleo-Asian Ocean
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表 1 方山口组安山岩主量、微量及稀土元素分析结果
Table 1. Major, trace and rare earth elements analytical results of andesites from Fangshankou Formation
样品号 16YG-80 16YG-81 16YG-82 16YG-83 16YG-84 SiO2 60.81 54.72 54.23 58.28 54.94 TiO2 0.75 1.10 1.15 1.46 1.32 Al2O3 13.67 15.46 15.96 15.85 14.88 TFe2O3 7.98 10.11 10.49 8.12 11.24 MnO 0.08 0.06 0.07 0.05 0.06 MgO 4.42 5.64 5.76 4.26 4.62 CaO 2.60 2.52 2.52 2.81 3.36 Na2O 2.21 2.71 2.89 3.48 3.00 K2O 2.51 3.49 3.45 3.02 3.47 P2O5 0.25 0.23 0.25 0.43 0.30 烧失量 4.85 2.93 3.03 1.77 3.00 总计 100.13 98.96 99.80 99.51 100.18 Mg# 49.70 49.86 49.46 48.31 42.27 Ba 579 148 156 175 159 Rb 104 231 230 184 242 Cs 1.41 17.68 17.88 14.24 23.33 Th 9.01 5.44 5.81 7.54 5.32 U 1.16 3.29 4.25 4.87 1.94 Nb 11.57 7.78 8.42 13.06 10.51 Ta 0.49 0.42 0.44 0.65 0.55 K 20872 28988 28666 25055 28802 Pb 2.70 7.43 7.08 16.56 3.12 Sr 133 149 155 174 170 Zr 174 145 148 166 145 Hf 4.99 3.79 3.89 4.60 3.88 P 1077 996 1095 1868 1305 Ti 4523 6580 6891 8724 7891 Cr 60.11 170 175 38.16 154 Ni 30.04 54.04 54.20 39.94 53.24 Co 32.81 34.72 25.88 36.00 53.07 V 76.43 129 135 127 135 Sc 13.71 22.40 23.29 21.42 23.45 Ga 22.49 20.30 21.19 20.58 21.95 La 25.01 14.82 14.89 22.72 15.75 Ce 40.38 24.22 24.11 35.86 27.44 Pr 6.02 3.90 3.89 5.55 4.55 Nd 22.69 15.81 15.74 23.41 19.26 Sm 3.98 3.15 3.15 6.57 4.19 Eu 0.63 0.69 0.70 1.69 1.02 Gd 3.17 2.67 2.74 8.36 4.04 Tb 0.52 0.41 0.42 1.62 0.63 Dy 3.07 2.58 2.66 10.37 4.01 Ho 0.60 0.54 0.54 1.81 0.81 Er 1.87 1.66 1.66 4.87 2.45 Tm 0.26 0.26 0.27 0.69 0.36 Yb 1.82 1.85 1.92 4.37 2.50 Lu 0.29 0.29 0.30 0.54 0.39 Y 15.46 13.28 13.37 38.26 19.96 ΣREE 110.32 72.85 72.97 128.44 87.40 LREE/HREE 8.51 6.10 5.96 2.93 4.75 δEu 0.52 0.71 0.71 0.70 0.75 δCe 0.78 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.78 (La/Yb)N 9.86 5.75 5.57 3.73 4.53 (Gd/Yb)N 1.44 1.19 1.18 1.58 1.34 (La/Sm)N 4.06 3.03 3.05 2.23 2.43 注：主量元素含量单位为%，微量和稀土元素含量单位为10-6 
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表 2 方山口组安山岩Nd-Hf同位素分析结果
Table 2. Whole-rock Lu-Hf isotope compositions of andesites from Fangshankou Formation
样品号 147Sm/144Nd 143Nd/144Nd(2σ) fSm/Nd εNd(t) TDM(Nd)/Ma 176Lu/177Hf 176Hf/177Hf(2σ) fLu/Hf εHf(t) TDM(Hf)/Ma YG-80 0.106034 0.511742± 3 -0.46 -14.21 1990 0.008306 0.282079± 5 -0.75 -19.83 2044 YG-81 0.120526 0.512279 ± 3 -0.39 -4.25 1426 0.011053 0.282713 ± 4 -0.67 2.09 1041 YG-82 0.121058 0.512278 ± 3 -0.38 -4.28 1436 0.010897 0.282694 ± 6 -0.67 1.43 1072 YG-83 0.169614 0.512041 ± 3 -0.14 -10.66 3809 0.016918 0.282386 ± 5 -0.49 -10.58 2111
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