Zircon U-Pb geochronology and geological implication of Early Jurassic ore-bearing porphyry from the Tangbai area on the southern margin of Gangdise, Tibet
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摘要:
汤白矿区位于西藏冈底斯斑岩铜矿带西段南缘，南侧紧邻日喀则弧前盆地。矿区由地表探矿工程控制3条赋存于早侏罗世角闪石英闪长斑岩中的主矿体（1号、2号和3号），在野外地质调查的基础上，对角闪石英闪长斑岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年和岩石地球化学测试。研究结果表明：①含矿斑岩的成岩年龄为183.3±1.2Ma，形成于早侏罗世；②含矿斑岩地球化学特征与大洋岛弧背景下的安山质岩石的地球化学性质一致，表明汤白矿区含矿斑岩形成于大洋岛弧环境；③西藏冈底斯斑岩铜矿带具有寻找俯冲期斑岩型矿床的巨大潜力，今后应加强该带俯冲期斑岩型矿床的勘查评价工作，特别是早-中侏罗世斑岩的成矿潜力评价。
Abstract:The Tangbai ore district, located in the western segment of the Gangdise porphyry copper belt. Its south margin is Xigaze forearc basin. The surface exploration engineering of the mining area revealed that there are three orebodies (No.1, 2 and 3) in Early Jurassic hornblende quartz diorite porphyry. On the basis of field geological investigation, the authors carried out zircon LA-ICPMS U-Pb dating and whole-rock geochemical testing of Early Jurassic hornblende quartz diorite porphyry. The results of the study are as follows. The age of ore-bearing porphyry is 183.3±1.2Ma, suggesting Early Jurassic; geochemical characteristics of ore-bearing porphyry are similar to those of andesite from the oceanic island arc setting, indicating that ore-bearing porphyry in Tangbai area was formed in the oceanic island arc setting, and the Gangdise porphyry copper belt has huge potential in the search for porphyry deposits of subduction period. It is therefore held that in the future work emphasis should be placed on the subduction stage porphyry deposit exploration and evaluation, especially on the Early-Middle Jurassic porphyry metallogenic potential evaluation.
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Key words:
- Tibet /
- Gangdise /
- Tangbai /
- porphyry copper deposit /
- tectonic setting
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表 1 汤白矿区角闪石英闪长斑岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Th-Pb同位素分析结果
Table 1. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Th-Pb analytical data for hornblende quartz diorite porphyry in Tangbai ore district
测试点 含量/10-6 Th/U 同位素比值 年龄/Ma Pb Th U 207Pb/206Pb ±1σ 207Pb/235U ±1σ 206Pb/238U ±1σ 206Pb/238U ±1σ 1 4.22 65.4 134 0.49 0.0869 0.0055 0.318 0.018 0.0286 0.00057 181.8 3.6 2 4.66 69.9 156 0.45 0.0851 0.0058 0.305 0.019 0.0285 0.00066 180.9 4.1 3 6.12 94.5 190 0.50 0.0774 0.0053 0.300 0.021 0.0290 0.00061 184.2 3.8 4 3.25 40.9 104 0.40 0.1083 0.0055 0.399 0.016 0.0292 0.00058 185.6 3.6 5 5.34 90.9 167 0.55 0.0806 0.0053 0.301 0.019 0.0283 0.00068 179.7 4.3 6 6.03 93.6 182 0.51 0.0533 0.0051 0.217 0.022 0.0295 0.00128 187.4 8.0 7 4.00 63.7 127 0.50 0.0907 0.0044 0.352 0.019 0.0287 0.00049 182.5 3.1 8 4.16 74.2 127 0.58 0.0883 0.0070 0.326 0.020 0.0287 0.00066 182.4 4.1 9 3.13 46.7 93.0 0.50 0.1003 0.0071 0.387 0.021 0.0300 0.00060 190.4 3.7 10 6.74 144 204 0.70 0.0678 0.0031 0.259 0.011 0.0285 0.00042 180.9 2.6 11 5.80 110 146 0.76 0.1160 0.0052 0.459 0.021 0.0291 0.00053 185.1 3.3 12 4.09 71.8 125 0.57 0.0560 0.0064 0.209 0.020 0.0285 0.00101 181.5 6.3 13 4.97 79.7 148 0.54 0.0681 0.0048 0.268 0.019 0.0292 0.00055 185.8 3.4 14 15.0 521 378 1.38 0.0534 0.0022 0.207 0.008 0.0288 0.00038 183.2 2.4 15 3.75 54.1 115 0.47 0.0685 0.0050 0.270 0.020 0.0286 0.00071 181.9 4.5 16 8.06 219 232 0.94 0.0523 0.0025 0.203 0.010 0.0288 0.00044 183.0 2.8 17 6.41 93.9 197 0.48 0.0557 0.0039 0.214 0.015 0.0286 0.00068 181.6 4.3 18 5.10 82.9 152 0.55 0.0637 0.0046 0.253 0.020 0.0287 0.00062 182.7 3.9 19 2.76 39.1 83.4 0.47 0.0789 0.0071 0.287 0.020 0.0286 0.00072 181.8 4.5 20 5.28 85.1 157 0.54 0.0740 0.0046 0.279 0.015 0.0291 0.00058 184.7 3.6 21 6.52 114 191 0.60 0.0558 0.0043 0.217 0.017 0.0286 0.00061 181.8 3.8 22 3.25 54.7 97.7 0.56 0.0828 0.0051 0.321 0.020 0.0290 0.00062 184.0 3.9 23 3.48 48.7 102 0.48 0.0789 0.0045 0.290 0.015 0.0288 0.00051 183.3 3.2 24 4.73 72.8 142 0.51 0.0952 0.0064 0.354 0.021 0.0292 0.00054 185.7 3.4 25 8.87 181 241 0.75 0.0554 0.0040 0.216 0.015 0.0289 0.00057 183.5 3.6 26 6.12 107 171 0.63 0.0554 0.0034 0.217 0.014 0.0287 0.00050 182.6 3.1 27 3.72 51.0 115 0.44 0.0887 0.0063 0.321 0.019 0.0284 0.00054 180.8 3.4 28 2.91 38.9 87.8 0.44 0.0782 0.0041 0.305 0.017 0.0290 0.00063 184.1 3.9 29 5.04 80.2 145 0.55 0.0576 0.0045 0.219 0.016 0.0286 0.00063 182.0 3.9 30 4.76 113 133 0.85 0.0720 0.0033 0.279 0.014 0.0291 0.00051 184.9 3.2 31 8.24 159 215 0.74 0.0562 0.0065 0.215 0.025 0.0283 0.00072 180.2 4.5 32 4.31 63.4 127 0.50 0.0553 0.0048 0.212 0.017 0.0285 0.00068 181.4 4.3 33 4.63 78.8 135 0.58 0.0529 0.0056 0.220 0.024 0.0293 0.00089 186.4 5.6 34 3.07 39.0 93.4 0.42 0.0718 0.0038 0.275 0.015 0.0288 0.00050 183.3 3.1 35 5.63 113 157 0.72 0.0567 0.0036 0.221 0.013 0.0289 0.00053 183.8 3.3 36 4.80 70.5 132 0.54 0.0817 0.0044 0.320 0.016 0.0290 0.00047 184.3 2.9 
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表 2 汤白矿区角闪石英闪长斑岩主量和微量元素分析数据
Table 2. Major and trace elements analyses for hornblende quartz diorite porphyry in Tangbai ore district
样品号 DND-2 DND-3 DND-4 DND-5 DND-6 DND-7 DND-8 DND-9 DND-10 DND-11 SiO2 63.22 64.06 58.52 62.61 59.97 63.42 64.18 58.55 62.43 59.98 TiO2 0.42 0.42 0.54 0.43 0.51 0.42 0.41 0.53 0.43 0.52 Al2O3 16.31 16.15 18.03 16.36 17.58 16.28 16.01 18.08 16.36 17.70 Fe2O3 2.38 2.69 2.64 2.16 2.69 2.39 2.67 2.65 2.16 2.72 FeO 2.89 2.45 3.55 3.08 3.29 2.87 2.45 3.55 3.08 3.26 MnO 0.18 0.16 0.20 0.18 0.20 0.18 0.16 0.20 0.17 0.20 MgO 1.87 1.77 2.36 1.96 2.45 1.84 1.76 2.38 1.97 2.44 CaO 5.18 4.87 5.05 4.66 5.07 5.12 4.84 5.08 4.65 5.06 Na2O 3.11 3.15 3.36 3.32 3.32 3.09 3.13 3.38 3.31 3.31 K2O 1.05 1.08 1.60 1.27 1.27 1.03 1.07 1.60 1.28 1.28 P2O5 0.12 0.11 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 烧失量 2.59 2.40 3.37 3.21 2.95 2.69 2.52 3.22 3.38 2.85 TFeO 5.04 4.87 5.92 5.02 5.71 5.01 4.86 5.93 5.02 5.70 Mg# 53.55 56.30 54.32 53.20 57.06 53.40 56.18 54.43 53.35 57.18 La 13.75 13.92 12.59 13.71 13.90 14.15 13.79 13.82 14.91 12.68 Ce 24.73 24.73 22.77 23.99 24.93 25.19 24.11 24.74 26.46 22.53 Pr 2.88 2.85 2.80 2.85 3.05 2.98 2.84 3.06 3.20 2.74 Nd 14.08 13.99 13.92 13.77 14.97 14.04 14.06 15.15 15.33 13.73 Sm 2.75 2.76 2.79 2.71 3.08 2.80 2.71 3.00 3.11 2.79 Eu 0.95 0.96 1.01 0.98 1.13 0.98 0.95 1.12 1.07 0.99 Gd 2.86 2.87 2.85 2.81 3.18 2.86 2.78 3.06 3.21 2.81 Tb 0.39 0.38 0.40 0.37 0.45 0.38 0.37 0.43 0.44 0.40 Dy 2.50 2.54 2.59 2.56 2.84 2.48 2.46 2.75 2.81 2.65 Ho 0.49 0.48 0.51 0.49 0.57 0.50 0.48 0.56 0.54 0.51 Er 1.49 1.55 1.64 1.54 1.83 1.54 1.50 1.70 1.70 1.61 Tm 0.20 0.20 0.22 0.20 0.25 0.20 0.19 0.23 0.22 0.22 Yb 1.69 1.72 1.94 1.71 2.03 1.70 1.60 2.00 1.87 1.88 Y 13.89 13.85 14.28 14.04 16.01 14.12 13.64 15.33 15.81 14.76 Lu 0.18 0.19 0.20 0.19 0.22 0.18 0.18 0.22 0.21 0.20 Sc 10.14 9.75 15.10 10.57 13.47 9.09 9.37 15.29 10.18 13.84 V 91.25 85.70 114.00 91.34 104.60 85.31 81.98 115.70 89.20 105.50 Cr 12.57 9.91 11.02 10.13 7.84 12.77 10.32 11.74 10.78 8.72 Co 8.27 11.16 11.14 8.71 11.17 8.05 11.25 10.64 7.73 11.13 Ni 4.55 3.95 6.23 4.51 5.28 4.25 4.21 5.99 3.99 5.10 Cu 14.27 17.12 19.96 14.16 12.78 13.63 17.83 19.58 12.20 13.03 Zn 148.60 135.20 175.00 145.40 180.00 145.80 133.00 176.00 144.90 180.00 Ga 15.96 15.16 18.89 16.47 17.77 15.56 15.28 18.58 14.88 17.32 Rb 28.89 29.29 41.16 33.23 33.17 28.70 29.11 41.03 33.75 33.41 Sr 442.98 417.04 471.47 437.78 452.88 443.26 419.29 471.15 436.54 453.88 Zr 100.46 100.14 95.48 98.29 90.82 99.71 100.39 95.17 98.27 90.24 Nb 5.81 6.02 6.35 5.65 6.08 5.19 5.45 6.08 5.15 5.79 Cs 1.36 1.33 1.34 1.26 1.40 1.27 1.38 1.34 1.13 1.41 Ba 398.38 388.17 704.55 483.15 500.38 391.06 384.68 707.50 478.32 496.54 Hf 2.79 2.78 2.88 2.78 2.65 2.79 2.81 2.93 2.91 2.52 Ta 0.62 0.57 0.62 0.65 0.81 0.52 0.56 0.57 0.59 0.62 Pb 14.78 11.66 12.47 12.02 12.63 15.31 13.08 13.50 11.70 13.81 Th 2.51 2.32 2.44 2.56 2.34 2.39 2.51 2.48 2.26 2.43 U 5.76 5.93 5.74 5.76 6.19 7.02 6.46 7.02 6.57 6.37 ΣREE 68.94 69.15 66.23 67.89 72.43 69.97 68.02 71.83 75.07 65.73 ΣLREE 59.13 59.21 55.88 58.01 61.05 60.14 58.47 60.89 64.07 55.46 ΣHREE 9.80 9.94 10.36 9.88 11.38 9.83 9.55 10.94 11.00 10.27 (La/Yb)N 5.84 5.80 4.66 5.75 4.90 5.97 6.20 4.97 5.71 4.85 δEu 1.02 1.04 1.08 1.07 1.09 1.05 1.05 1.12 1.02 1.07 注：主量元素含量单位为%，微量和稀土元素含量为10-6
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① 中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所.西藏自治区谢通门县雄村矿区铜矿勘探报告. 2012.
② 成都理工大学.西藏日喀则市汤白铜矿地质勘查报告. 2005.
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