Geological features and geochronology of the Jinshuiquan gold deposit in the east Junggar, Xinjiang
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摘要:
新疆奇台县金水泉金矿床是东准噶尔卡拉麦里成矿带上一个典型的造山型金矿床，产于清水-苏吉泉大断裂和卡拉麦里深断裂之间的次级断裂带中，其成矿时代尚无确切的年代学资料。通过阴极发光（CL）、背散射图像（BSE）和矿物包体确定含金石英脉中的锆石种类，进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素定年。捕获锆石主要呈柱状、长柱状，振荡环带清晰，粒径较热液锆石大，包括岩浆锆石和变质锆石；206Pb/238U年龄为365~418Ma、265Ma。热液锆石呈短柱状、棱角状、不规则状、双锥状，常含继承锆石内核，内部包裹体为磷灰石或含金磷灰石，发育不明显的波缓状振荡环带或无振荡环带；206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值为314.9±3.2Ma，指示金矿化作用发生于晚石炭世早期碰撞造山向造山后伸展转变的构造环境。成矿时代晚于赋矿围岩姜巴斯套组的年龄（约343Ma），与总结区域构造演化规律所限定的时间范围（320~310Ma）吻合。综合研究认为，金水泉金矿床成矿作用可划分为350~320Ma造山阶段含金流体生成、315Ma挤压-伸展转换阶段金迁移就位、二叠纪陆内变形阶段金矿体破碎变形3个阶段。
Abstract:Located in the Kalamaili metallogenic belt in the east Junggar of Xinjiang, the Jinshuiquan gold deposit is a typical orogenic gold deposit which occurs along the secondary fault zone between the Kalamaili deep fault and the major disruption of QingshuiSujiquan. The mineralization timing has been unclear up till now. Zircon species in auriferous quartz veins of this study were initially determined by cathodoluminescence electron (CL) images, Back Scattered Electron (BSE) image and mineral inclusions before the performance of LA-ICP-MS U-Pb isotopic dating on these zircons. The trapped zircons are mainly in the columnar and long columnar forms, with clear shock bands, consisting of magmatic zircons and metamorphic zircons. These zircons are larger than hydrothermal zircons. LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating on these trapped zircons yielded 206Pb/238U ages of 365~418Ma and 265Ma. The hydrothermal zircons are in short columnar, angular, double cone and irregular forms and usually contain inclusions such as inherited zircon core, apatite or gold bearing apatite, some with weak band of shock waves or even without shock bands. LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating on these hydrothermal zircons yielded a weighted average 206Pb/238U age of 314.9 ±3.2Ma, indicating that early Late Carboniferous gold mineralization occurred during the transition from collisional orogenesis to post-collisional extension. The metallogenic epoch was later the epoch of ore hosting wall rock, i.e., the Jiangbasitao Formation (C1j, ~343Ma) which coincides with the time frame (320~310Ma) limited by the summarized orderliness of regional tectonic evolution from the data obtained by previous researchers. Comprehensive studies suggest that the metallogenic process of the Jinshuiquan gold deposit can be divided into three periods:the formation of gold bearing fluid at the orogenic stage during 350~320Ma, the migration and emplacement of goldbearing hydrothermal fluid at 315Ma during compression to extension stage and the fracture and deformation of gold orebody at the Permian intracontinental deformation stage.
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Key words:
- U-Pb age /
- metallogenic epoch /
- hydrothermal zircon /
- gold deposit /
- Jinshuiquan /
- Kalamaili
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表 1 金水泉金矿床自然金电子探针分析结果
Table 1. Electron microprobe analyses of natural gold from the Jinshuiquan gold deposit
% 测点 As Se Au Ag Fe S Zn Pb Co Te Ni Cu 总量 1 - - 86.53 10.93 2.03 0.19 0.05 - 0.03 0.00 - - 99.76 2 - - 85.22 10.96 2.62 0.32 0.21 - 0.05 0.08 - - 99.46 3 - - 85.19 11.33 2.00 0.27 0.04 - 0.08 0.07 - - 98.98 4 0.02 - 86.71 9.62 2.50 0.50 0.00 - 0.02 0.05 - - 99.42 5 0.11 - 91.37 9.13 0.94 0.06 0.09 - - 0.18 - - 101.80 平均值 0.03 - 87.00 10.39 2.02 0.27 0.08 - 0.04 0.08 - - 99.88 
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表 2 金水泉金矿床含金石英脉锆石U-Th-Pb同位素数据及测年结果
Table 2. U-Th-Pb isotopic compositions and dating results of zircons from gold-bearing quartz veins in the Jinshuiquan gold deposit
测点 含量/10-6 Th/U 同位素原子比率 年龄/Ma Th U 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 1 229 401 0.57 0.05358 0.00343 0.3812 0.02279 0.05123 0.000806 354 144 328 17 322 5 2 16 20 0.81 0.08353 0.03546 0.3706 0.07431 0.05028 0.003450 1283 920 320 55 316 21 3 99 60 1.63 0.05655 0.00832 0.3728 0.03608 0.05162 0.001803 472 330 322 27 324 11 4 49 171 0.29 0.05518 0.00628 0.3705 0.03613 0.05080 0.001135 420 256 320 27 319 7 5 324 227 1.43 0.05460 0.00494 0.3656 0.02960 0.04943 0.000928 394 199 316 22 311 6 6 69 111 0.62 0.05608 0.00618 0.3583 0.03018 0.04945 0.001338 454 246 311 23 311 8 7 165 214 0.77 0.05344 0.00447 0.3670 0.02929 0.04968 0.001074 346 191 317 22 313 7 8 142 174 0.81 0.05281 0.00465 0.3557 0.02518 0.04930 0.001060 320 202 309 19 310 7 9 103 142 0.73 0.05560 0.00629 0.3873 0.03577 0.05089 0.001494 435 254 332 26 320 9 10 145 182 0.80 0.05273 0.00597 0.3699 0.03743 0.04968 0.001376 317 266 320 28 313 8 11 116 213 0.55 0.05152 0.00399 0.3669 0.02539 0.05076 0.001077 265 178 317 19 319 7 12 182 214 0.85 0.05295 0.00398 0.3681 0.02639 0.04947 0.001173 328 170 318 20 311 7 13 303 340 0.89 0.05552 0.00319 0.3794 0.02145 0.04953 0.000903 432 134 327 16 312 6 14 130 166 0.78 0.05554 0.00448 0.3748 0.02627 0.04989 0.001147 435 181 323 19 314 7 15 150 149 1.00 0.05304 0.00572 0.3535 0.03542 0.04868 0.001224 332 251 307 27 306 8 16 172 213 0.81 0.05339 0.00394 0.3644 0.02347 0.05025 0.000884 346 168 315 17 316 5 17 100 206 0.48 0.05231 0.00384 0.3544 0.02373 0.04981 0.000897 298 167 308 18 313 6 18 82 132 0.62 0.05280 0.00444 0.3658 0.02829 0.05071 0.001180 320 193 317 21 319 7 19 13 35 0.38 0.06080 0.00920 0.4269 0.04284 0.05855 0.002284 632 297 361 30 367 14 20 259 353 0.73 0.05662 0.00369 0.4631 0.03038 0.05823 0.000948 476 144 386 21 365 6 21 261 263 0.99 0.05312 0.00342 0.4371 0.02846 0.05891 0.001032 345 142 368 20 369 6 22 101 205 0.49 0.05268 0.00371 0.4371 0.02761 0.06000 0.001186 322 166 368 20 376 7 23 119 93 1.28 0.06277 0.01526 0.4831 0.06984 0.06302 0.002195 702 536 400 48 394 13 24 39 536 0.07 0.05342 0.00289 0.4652 0.02448 0.06252 0.000975 346 122 388 17 391 6 25 113 274 0.41 0.05439 0.00408 0.4681 0.03397 0.06228 0.001226 387 169 390 23 389 7 26 117 227 0.51 0.05565 0.00343 0.4897 0.02834 0.06414 0.001082 439 137 405 19 401 7 27 75 157 0.47 0.05543 0.00428 0.5027 0.03426 0.06652 0.001399 428 169 414 23 415 8 28 82 264 0.31 0.05640 0.00298 0.5083 0.02439 0.06594 0.001003 478 121 417 16 412 6 29 41 56 0.75 0.06274 0.00980 0.5118 0.05678 0.06646 0.002609 698 342 420 38 415 16 30 103 435 0.24 0.05561 0.00274 0.4926 0.02407 0.06396 0.001120 435 109 407 16 400 7 31 70 107 0.65 0.05734 0.00602 0.5089 0.04900 0.06697 0.001792 506 233 418 33 418 11 32 182 216 0.84 0.05555 0.00521 0.5072 0.04150 0.06656 0.001469 435 211 417 28 415 9 33 97 210 0.46 0.05704 0.00515 0.5129 0.04308 0.06482 0.001326 494 200 420 29 405 8 34 100 378 0.26 0.05293 0.00294 0.4955 0.02908 0.06675 0.001381 324 131 409 20 417 8 35 171 372 0.46 0.05294 0.00285 0.4697 0.02431 0.06417 0.000995 328 122 391 17 401 6 36 71 206 0.34 0.05242 0.00323 0.4890 0.03082 0.06661 0.001123 306 136 404 21 416 7 37 41 468 0.09 0.05290 0.00248 0.4770 0.02119 0.06524 0.000850 324 107 396 15 407 5 38 59 202 0.29 0.05710 0.00393 0.5324 0.03731 0.06653 0.001337 494 147 433 25 415 8 39 275 414 0.67 0.05337 0.00309 0.4932 0.02794 0.06652 0.001076 346 134 407 19 415 7 40 51 357 0.14 0.05175 0.00357 0.4778 0.03579 0.06606 0.001432 276 162 397 25 412 9 41 48 796 0.06 0.05519 0.00237 0.4831 0.02055 0.06270 0.000805 420 101 400 14 392 5 42 181 389 0.47 0.05848 0.00407 0.5305 0.03581 0.06585 0.001177 546 154 432 24 411 7 43 52 90 0.58 0.05640 0.00658 0.2965 0.02703 0.04193 0.001274 478 261 264 21 265 8
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② 武警黄金第八支队.新疆富蕴县金水泉矿区(奥三)金矿普查报告. 2011.
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