Cenozoic uplift process in Gangdise, Tibet:Evidence from thermal history modeling of apa-tite fission track
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摘要:
西藏冈底斯南缘中酸性侵入岩的磷灰石裂变径迹年龄在37~25Ma之间，热史模拟过程反映冈底斯经历了3个阶段的抬升演化。40~26Ma的快速冷却抬升阶段：受控于印度-欧亚大陆完全碰撞拼合的影响，并在37~26Ma抬升至现今海拔高度；26~8Ma的剥蚀阶段：受夷平和大型逆冲推覆活动的影响，出现剥蚀和抬升交替过程；8~0Ma的缓慢冷却阶段：受南北向裂谷作用影响，出现内部差异抬升。此外，北部墨竹工卡地区和南部泽当、桑耶地区，西部桑耶地区和东部泽当地区，均具有相似的抬升过程和历史，没有明显差异，暗示冈底斯经历了整体性、较均一的阶段性抬升过程。
Abstract:The apatite fission track age obtained from the intermediate-acid intrusive rocks on the southern margin of the Gangdise is 37~25Ma. Thermal history modeling process shows that the Gangdise belt has experienced three stages of uplift evolution. The First stage (40~26Ma) was a rapid cooling uplifting stage, which was controlled by the India-Eurasia complete collision, and the Gangdise was raised to the elevation height in 37~26Ma. The second stage (26~8Ma) was an erosion stage, affected by the pedimentation and large thrust system activation, with the existence of alternate erosion and uplift process in this area. The third stage (8~0Ma) was a low cooling stage, during which activation of the NS-striking normal fault systems and rifts led to the formation of basin-mountain system and differential uplifting. In addition, there existed no obvious difference between the north and the south and between the west and the east of Gangdise, with all of these places having similar uplift processes and histories. Thermal history modeling process of apatite fission track age shows that the Gangdise belt has experienced a whole, uniform and phase uplifting.
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Key words:
- apatite /
- fission track age /
- thermal history modeling /
- Gangdise /
- uplift
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表 1 研究区磷灰石裂变径迹年龄
Table 1. Apatite fission track age of the study area
样品 岩性 现今海
拔/m粒数 ρs/(105·cm-2)
(Ns)ρi/(105·cm-2)
(Ni)ρd/(105·cm-2)
(Nd)P(χ2)
/%径迹长度/m
(N)中值年龄/a
(±1σ)池年龄/Ma
(±1σ)泽当Ⅰ区 B075-2 花巧闪长岩 3823 28 3.001
(620)21.014
(4342)10.435
(7312)9.8 12.7±2.1
(115)31±3 31±2 B117-1 花巧闪长岩 4019 30 2.165
(364)17.05
(2866)10.45
(7312)71 12.8±2.2
(101)27±2 28±2 B121-1 二长闪长岩 3567 28 1.529
(248)10.031
(1627)10.457
(7312)75 12.5±2.3
(49)33±3 33±3 泽当Ⅱ区 B118-1 石英二长岩 3564 29 2.738
(446)22.55
(3673)10.453
(7312)54.8 13.2±1.8
(61)26±2 26±2 B104-3 石英二长岩 3557 28 1.998
(774)17.106
(6625)10.447
(7312)40.4 13.2±2.1
(97)25±2 25±2 桑耶Ⅲ区 B122-1 二长闪长岩 4329 26 1.36
(156)8.769
(1006)10.433
(7312)89.6 / 34±4 34±4 B122-7 石英二长闪长岩 4309 30 1.421
(125)8.241
(725)10.43
(7312)99.7 12.6±2.4
(34)37±4 37±4 B123-1 石英二长闪长岩 4040 29 1.043
(234)6.682
(1499)10
(7312)10.4 12.6±2.3
(89)32±4 32±3 墨竹工卡Ⅳ区 JM22-2 花岗斑岩 3961 12 0.637
(43)6.501
(439)12.666
(7312)24.5 / 26±5 26±4 JM24-1 花岗斑岩 5022 30 1.095
(150)11.027
(1511)12.593
(7312)84.4 12.3±2.0
(68)26±3 26±3 JM27-1 石英二长闪长玢岩 3965 28 0.460
(171)3.910
(1452)12.519
(7312)68.9 12.3±1.9
(104)31±3 31±3 注：ρs、ρi和ρd分别为自发径迹密度、诱发径迹密度和标准径迹密度；Ns、Ni和Nd分别对应自发径迹数，诱发径迹数和标准径迹数；P(χ2)为χ2检验值 
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表 2 磷灰石裂变径迹年龄古地表海拔
Table 2. Paleo-altitude of the apatite fission track age sample
样品编号 总抬升/m 古埋深/m 现今样品海拔/m 古地表海拔/m 泽当Ⅰ区 B075-2 1821 -3140 3823 5142 B 117-1 2022 -3140 4019 5137 B 121-1 1582 -3140 3567 5125 泽当Ⅱ区 B 104-3 1882 -3140 3557 4815 B 118-1 1582 -3140 3564 5122 桑耶Ⅲ区 B 122-7 1882 -3140 4239 5497 B 123-1 1702 -3140 4040 5478 墨竹工卡Ⅳ区 JM24-1 1731 -3140 5022 6431 JM27-1 1883 -3140 3956 5213
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