Geological-structural background, deposit types and mineralization of São Francisco Craton in Bahia, Brazil
-
摘要:
通过建立描述成矿作用特征的构造和时间框架，探讨圣弗朗西斯科克拉通北部矿床的成因。许多太古宙的矿化作用发生在克拉通形成以前。铬铁矿、镍、金和祖母绿矿床是古元古代造山旋回形成的，那时克拉通合并到大西洋古陆。在中-新元古代，即罗迪尼亚（Rodinia）超级大陆的裂解期间，有拉张事件发生，其与磷矿和铀矿有关。金伯利岩金刚石矿化和金矿化是巴西利亚（Brasiliano）造山旋回形成的，其与西冈瓦纳大陆拼合同期。在寒武纪，该区存在长期和均一的地应力记录。同位素和磁性系统的重置，影响了在520Ma时候的依列斯（Irecê）盆地的新元古代沉积作用。这种重置归因于巴西利亚造山旋回结束时区域尺度流体的迁移和矿化作用。
Abstract:This paper aims at establishing a tectonic and temporal framework to characterize the metallogenic processes that made contribution to the formation of the mineral provinces in northern São Francisco Craton. Many Archean ore-forming processes which formed resources such as massive sulfide zinc, lead, zinc and copper, besides magnesite talc, iron-titanium-vanadium, iron, chromite and manganese, occurred before the assembly of the craton. Deposits of chromite, nickel, gold and emerald were formed during the Paleoproterozoic orogenic cycle, when the craton was amalgamated into the Atlantic paleocontinent. An extension event occurred during the breakup of Rodinia in the Neoproterozoic, which was associated with deposits of phosphorite and uranium. Kimberlite diamond and gold mineralization took place during the Brasiliano orogenic cycle, coeval with the amalgamation of West Gondwana. A long-lasting and rather uniform crustal stress happened in this area during the Cambrian period. Resetting of the isotopic and magnetic systems that affected the Neoproterozoic sediments of the Irecê Basin at about 520Ma was attributed to the regional fluid migration and mineralization in the aftermath of the Brasiliano orogenic cycle.
-
Key words:
- São Francisco Craton /
- geological tectonic setting /
- type of deposit /
- metallogeny /
- Bahia /
- Brazil
-
-
[1] Schobbenhaus C, Gonçalves J H, Santos J O S, et al.Carta Geológica do Brasil ao Milionésimo, Sistema de Informações Geográficas e GIS and 48 maps 1:1000000[M]. CPRM, Brasília, 2004:41 CDROMs.
[2] Teixeira J B G, Misi A, Silva M G.Supercontinent evolution and the Proterozoic metallogeny of South America[J]. Gondwana Research, 2007, 11:346-361. doi: 10.1016/j.gr.2006.05.009
[3] Barbosa J S F, Sabaté P.Archean and Paleoproterozoic crust of the São Francisco craton, Bahia, Brazil:geodynamic features[J]. Precambrian Research, 2004, 133:1-27. doi: 10.1016/j.precamres.2004.03.001
[4] Silva A J C L P.O Supergrupo Espinhaço na Chapada Diamantina centrooriental, Bahia:Sedimentologia, estratigrafia e tectônica[D]. Doctoral Thesis, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil, 1994:1-174.
[5] Arcanjo J B A, Martins A M, Loureiro H C, et al.Vale do Paramirim, Bahia:Geologia e recursos minerais[C]//Série Arquivos Abertos.Companhia Baiana de Pesquisa Mineral (CBPM).map70, 2005.
[6] Misi A, Iyer S S, Coelho C E S, et al.Sediment hosted leadezinc deposits of the Neoproterozoic Bambuí Group and correlative sequences, São Francisco Craton, Brazil:a review and a possible metallogenic evolution model[J]. Ore Geology Reviews, 2005, 26:263-304. doi: 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2004.12.004
[7] Meert J G.Growing Gondwana and rethinking Rodinia:a paleomagnetic Perspective[J]. Gondwana Research, 2001, 4:279-288. doi: 10.1016/S1342-937X(05)70329-4
[8] Gomes L C C, Oliveira E P.Dados Sm-Nd, Ar-Ar e Pb-Pb de corpos plutônicos no Sudeste da Bahia, Brasil:Implicações para o entendimento da evolução tectônica no limite Orógeno Araçuaí/Cráton do São Francisco[J]. Revista Brasileira de Geociências, 2002, 32:185-196. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/285221478_Sobre_a_evolucao_tectonica_do_Orogeno_Aracuai-Congo_Ocidental
[9] Marshak S, Alkmim F F, Whittington A, et al.Extensional collapse in the Neoproterozoic Araçuaí orogen, eastern Brazil:a setting for reactivation of asymmetric crenulation cleavage[J]. Journal of Structural Geology, 2006, 28:129-147. doi: 10.1016/j.jsg.2005.09.006
[10] Silva A J C L P.Serra do Sincorá, Bahia[C]//Schobbenhaus C, Campos D A, Queiroz E T, et al.Sítios Geológicos e Paleontológicos do Brasil.DNPM/CPRM, Comissão Brasileira de Sítios Geológicos e Arqueológicos (SIGEP), 2001:187-194.
[11] Evans D A D.The palaeomagnetically viable, long-lived and allinclusive Rodinia supercontinent reconstruction[C]//Murphy J B, Keppie J D, Hynes A.Ancient Orogens and Modern Analogues.Geological Society of London Special Publication, 2009, 327:371-404.
[12] Alkmim F F, Marshak S, Fonseca M A.Assembling west Gondwana in the Neoproterozoic:clues from the São Francisco craton region, Brazil[J]. Geology, 2001, 29:319-322. doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0319:AWGITN>2.0.CO;2
[13] Heilbron M, Valeriano C M, Tassinari C C G, et al.Correlation of Neoproterozoic terranes between the Ribeira Belt, SE Brazil and its African counterpart:comparative tectonic evolution and open questions[C]//Pankhurst R J, Trouw R A J, Neves B B, et al.West Gondwana:Pre-Cenozoic Correlations Across the South Atlantic Region.Geological Society, London, 2008, 294:211-237.
[14] Alvarenga C J S, Moura C A V, Gorayeb P S S, et al.Paraguay and Araguaia belts[C]//Cordani U G, Milani E J, Thomaz-Filho A, et al.Tectonic Evolution of South America, 2000:183-229.
[15] Neves B B, Santos E J, Van Schmus W R.Tectonic history of the Borborema province, northeastern Brazil[C]//Cordani U G, Milani E J, Thomaz-Filho A, et al.Tectonic Evolution of South America, 2000:151-182.
[16] Jacobs J, Thomas R J.Himalayan-type indenter-escape tectonics model for the southern part of the Late Neoproterozoic-Early Paleozoic East African-Antarctic orogeny[J]. Geology, 2004, 32:721-724. doi: 10.1130/G20516.1
[17] Cawood P A.Terra Australis orogen:Rodinia breakup and development of the Pacific and Iapetus margins of Gondwana during the Neoproterozoic and Paleozoic[J]. Earth-Science Reviews, 2005, 69:249-279. doi: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2004.09.001
[18] Tassinari C C G, Bettencourt J S, Geraldes M C, et al.The Amazonian craton.In:Cordani, U G, Milani, E J, Thomaz-Filho, A, Campos, D A(Eds.)[J]. Tectonic Evolution of South America, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2000:41-95.
[19] Rapela C W, Pankhurst R J, CasquetFanning C M, et al.The Río de la Plata Craton and the assembly of SW Gondwana[J]. EarthScience Reviews, 2007, 83:49-82. http://www.academia.edu/7811985/The_R%C3%ADo_de_la_Plata_craton_and_the_assembly_of_SW_Gondwana
[20] Johansson A.Baltica, Amazonia and the SAMBA connection-1000 million years of neighbourhood during the Proterozoic?[J]. Precambrian Research, 2009, 175:221-234. doi: 10.1016/j.precamres.2009.09.011
[21] Pimentel M M, Fischel D P, Fuck R A.U-Pb data for granulites of the Anápolis-Itauçu Complex:evidence for two high-grade events in the Brasília Belt[J]. Anais Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 2000, 72:604-605. doi: 10.1590/S0001-37652000000400024
[22] Jacobs J, Fanning C M, Henjes-Kunst E, et al.Continuation of the Mozambique belt into east Antarctica:Grenville-age metamorphism and polyphase Pan-African high-grade events in central Dronning Maud Land[J]. Journal of Geology, 1998, 106:385-406. doi: 10.1086/516031
[23] Doblas M, López-Ruiz J, Cebriá J M, et al.Mantle insulation beneath the west African craton during the Precambriane Cambrian transition[J]. Geology, 2002, 30:839-842. doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030<0839:MIBTWA>2.0.CO;2
[24] Schmitt R S, Trouw R A J, Van Schmus W R, et al.Late amalgamation in the central part of Western Gondwana:new geochronological data and the characterization of a Cambrian collision orogeny in the Ribeira Belt (SE Brazil)[J]. Precambrian Research, 2004, 133:29-61. doi: 10.1016/j.precamres.2004.03.010
[25] Goscombe B D, Gray D.The Coastal Terrane of the Kaoko Belt, Namibia:outboard arc-terrane and tectonic significance[J]. Precambrian Research, 2007, 155:139-158. doi: 10.1016/j.precamres.2007.01.008
[26] Bossi J, Gaucher C.The Cuchilla Dionisio terrane, Uruguay:an allochthonous block accreted in the Cambrian to SW-Gondwana[J]. Gondwana Research, 2004, 7:661-674. doi: 10.1016/S1342-937X(05)71054-6
[27] Rapela C W.The Sierras Pampeanas of Argentina:Paleozoic building of the southern proto-Andes[C]//Cordani U G, Milani E J, Thomaz-Filho A, et al.Tectonic Evolution of South America, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2000:381-387.
[28] Trindade R I F, D'Agrella-Filho M, Babinski M, et al.Paleomagnetism and geochronology of the Bebedouro cap carbonate:evidence for continentalscale Cambrian remagnetization in the São Francisco Craton, Brazil[J]. Precambrian Research, 2004, 128:83-103. doi: 10.1016/j.precamres.2003.08.010
[29] Ogg J G, Ogg G, Gradstein F M.The Concise Geologic Time Scale[M]. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, 2008.
[30] João B G T, Maria G S, Aroldo M, et al.Geotectonic setting and metallogeny of the northern São Francisco craton, Bahia, Brazil[J]. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 2010, 30:71-83. doi: 10.1016/j.jsames.2010.02.001
[31] Mello E F, Xavier R P, McNaughton N J, et al.Age constraints on felsic intrusions, metamorphism and gold mineralisation in the Palaeoproterozoic Rio Itapicuru greenstone belt, NE Bahia State, Brazil[J]. Mineralium Deposita, 2006, 40:849-866. doi: 10.1007/s00126-005-0037-3
[32] Ledru P, Milesi J P, Johan V, et al.Foreland basins and goldbearing conglomerates:a new model for the Jacobina Basin (São Francisco province, Brazil)[J]. Precambrian Research, 1997, 86:155-176. doi: 10.1016/S0301-9268(97)00048-X
[33] Silva M G, Guimarães J T, Teixeira L, et al.Evidências estruturais, metalogenéticas e geocronológicas da inversão neoproterozóica do rifte Espinhaço[C]//XLⅢ Congresso Brasileiro de Geologia, 2006, Aracaju.Anais do XLⅢ Congresso Brasileiro de Geologia, 2006:177.
[34] Oliveira E P, Escayola M, Souza Z S, et al.The Santa Luz chromiteeperidotite and associated mafic dykes, Bahia-Brazil:remnants of a transitional-type ophiolite related to the Paleoproterozoic (> 2.1Ga) Rio Itapicuru greenstone belt?[J]. Revista Brasileira de Geociências, 2007, 37:28-39. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0895981110000416
[35] Marques J C, Ferreira Filho C F.The chromite deposit of the Ipueira-Medrado sill, São Francisco craton, Bahia State, Brazil[J]. Economic Geology, 2003, 98:87-108. doi: 10.2113/gsecongeo.98.1.87
[36] Hedlund D C, Moreira A, Pinto J S, et al.Stratiform chromitite at Campo Formoso, Bahia, Brazil[J]. Journal of Research, U.S.Geological Survey, 1974, 2:551-562.
[37] Mascarenhas J F, Ledru P, Souza S L, et al.Geologia e recursos minerais do Grupo Jacobina e da parte sul do greenstone belt de Mundo Novo[C]//Série Arquivos Abertos, Companhia Baiana de Pesquisa Mineral (CBPM), 1998:58.
[38] Misi A, Iyer S S, Tassinari C C G, et al.Geological and isotopic constraints on the metallogenic evolution of the Proterozoic sediment hosted Pb-Zn (Ag) deposits of Brazil[J]. Gondwana Research, 1999, 2:47-65. doi: 10.1016/S1342-937X(05)70126-X
[39] Rocha G M F, Souza S L, Garrido I A A.Distritomanganesífero deUrandi-Licínio de Almeida, Bahia:Geologia e potencialidade econômica[C]//Série Arquivos Abertos, Companhia Baiana de Pesquisa Mineral (CBPM).34 map, 1998.
[40] Barbosa J S F.O Manganês do Oeste da Bahia (Org.)[C]//Mascarenhas J F.Textos Básicos, 1st ed., SGM e Superintendência de Geologia e Recursos Minerais, Salvador, 1990:76-179.
[41] Silva L C, McNaughton N J, Melo R C, et al.U-Pb SHRIMP ages in the Itabuna-Caraíba TTG high-grade Complex:the first window beyond the Paleoproterozoic overprinting of the eastern Jequié Craton, NE Brazil[C]//ISGAM e International Symposium on Granites and Associated Mineralizations, Salvador, 1997, 2:282-283.
[42] Maier W D, Barnes S J.The origin of Cu sulfide deposits in the Curaçá valley, Bahia:evidence from Cu, Ni, Se, and platinumgroup element concentrations[J]. Economic Geology, 1999, 94:165-183. doi: 10.2113/gsecongeo.94.2.165
[43] Brito R S C.Geologia e petrologia do sill máfico ultramáfico do Rio Jacaré e Bahia e estudo das mineralizações de FeeTieV e platinóides associados[D] Doctoral Thesis, Universidade de Brasília, 2000.
[44] Silva M G, Martin H, Abram M B.Datação do corpo máfico ultramáfico da Faz.Mirabela (BA) pelo método Sm-Nd:Implicações petrogenéticas e geotectônicas[C]//SBG, Congresso Brasileiro de Geologia, Salvador.Anais, 1996, 6:217-220.
[45] Pimentel M M, Machado N, Lobato L M.Geocronologia U/Pb de rochas graníticas e gnáissicas da região de Lagoa Real, Bahia e implicações para a idade da mineralização de Urânio[C]//Congresso Brasileiro de Geologia, Camboriú.Boletim dos Resumos Expandidos.Sociedade Brasileira de Geologia, 1994, 2:389-390.
[46] Cruz S C P, Alkmim F F.The tectonic interaction between the Paramirim Aulacogen and the Araçuaí belt, São Francisco craton region, eastern Brazil[J]. Anais Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 2006, 78:151-174. doi: 10.1590/S0001-37652006000100014
[47] Cruz S C P, Alkmim F F, Leite C M M, et al.Geologia e arcabouço estrutural do Complexo Lagoa Real, vale do Paramirim, centro-oeste da Bahia[J]. Revista Brasileira de Geociências, 2007, 37(suplemento):128-146.
[48] Maruèjol P, Cuney M, Fuzikawa K, et al.The Lagoa Real subalcaline granitic complex (South Bahia, Brazil):a source for uranium mineralizations associated with Na-Ca metasomatism[J]. Revista Brasileira de Geociências, 1987, 17:578-594. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00402107
[49] Chaves A O, Tubrettb M, Rios F J, et al.U-Pb ages related to uranium mineralization of Lagoa Real, Bahia e Brazil:tectonic implications[J]. Revista de Geologia, 2007, 20:141-156. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0895981114001709
[50] Bodenlos A J.Magnesite deposits in the Serra das Éguas, Brumado, Bahia, Brazil[J]. Geological Survey Bulletin, 1954, 975-C:63. http://www.academia.edu/26009590/Minerals_of_the_Brumado_Magnestle_Deposits_Serra_das_%C3%89guas_Bahla_Brazil
[51] Turpin L, Maruèjol P, Cuney M.U-Pb, Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd chronology of granitic basement, hydrothermal albitites and uranium mineralization (Lagoa Real, South-Bahia, Brazil)[J]. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 1998, 98:139-147. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00402107
[52] Misi A, Kyle J R.Upper Proterozoic carbonate stratigraphy, diagenesis, and stromatolitic phosphorite formation, Irecê Basin, Bahia, Brazil[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 1994, A64:299-310. http://jsedres.geoscienceworld.org/content/64/2a/299
[53] Battilani G A, Gomes N S, Guerra W J.The occurrence of microdiamonds in Mesoproterozoic Chapada Diamantina intrusive rocks e Bahia/Brazil[J]. Anais Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 2007, 79:321-332. doi: 10.1590/S0001-37652007000200013
[54] Donatti Filho J P, Oliveira E, Pisani J R, et al.Geochemistry and mineralogy of kimberlites from the Braúna kimberlite province, São Francisco Craton, NE Brazil[C]//9th International Kimberlite Conference Extended Abstract No.9IKC-A-00316.2008.
[55] Santana A J, Moreira M D, Couto P A A.Esmeralda de Carnaíba e Socotó, Bahia:Geologia e Potencialidade Econômica[C]//Série Arquivos Abertos, .CBPM-Companhia Baiana de Pesquisa Mineral.26 map, 1995.
[56] Biondi J C.Processos Metalogenéticos e os Depósitos Minerais Brasileiros[M]. Oficina de Textos, São Paulo, 2003.
-
下载:
图(4)
计量
- 文章访问数: 814
- PDF下载数: 10
- 施引文献: 0