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老挝万象平原盐类矿床控矿构造研究

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王少华, 杜建军. 老挝万象平原盐类矿床控矿构造研究[J]. 地质力学学报, 2012, 18(1): 52-61.
引用本文: 王少华, 杜建军. 老挝万象平原盐类矿床控矿构造研究[J]. 地质力学学报, 2012, 18(1): 52-61.
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WANG Shao-hua, DU Jian-jun. STUDY ON THE CONTROLLING STRUCTURE OF SALT DEPOSIT IN VIENTIANE PLAIN, LAOS[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 2012, 18(1): 52-61.
Citation: WANG Shao-hua, DU Jian-jun. STUDY ON THE CONTROLLING STRUCTURE OF SALT DEPOSIT IN VIENTIANE PLAIN, LAOS[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 2012, 18(1): 52-61.
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老挝万象平原盐类矿床控矿构造研究

  • 1.

    中化地质矿山总局泰安地质勘查院, 泰安 271000

  • 2.

    中国地质科学院地质力学研究所, 北京 100081

详细信息
    作者简介: 王少华(1960-), 男, 从事地质找矿、盐类矿床勘查及研究工作。老挝万象平原盐类矿床控矿构造研究工作

  • 中图分类号: P613

STUDY ON THE CONTROLLING STRUCTURE OF SALT DEPOSIT IN VIENTIANE PLAIN, LAOS

  • 1.

    Taian Geological Exploration Institute of CMEM, Taian 271000, China

  • 2.

    Institute of Geomechanics, CAGS, Bejing 100081, China

    摘要

  • 老挝万象平原盐类矿层赋存于古近纪古新统塔贡组中，主要含钾矿物为光卤石，少量钾石盐。成矿期塔贡组及盐类矿层主要受北西向的边界断裂及塔贡向斜控制；成矿期后盐类矿层主要受褶皱（盐向斜、盐背斜）控制。在盐类矿层沉积后，先在水平应力作用下形成宽缓褶皱。由于向斜部位相对沉降，沉积速度较快，盐类矿层上部的碎屑岩较厚；而背斜部位相对上升，其上沉积的碎屑岩较薄。盐类矿层与碎屑岩存在较大的密度差，加之向斜与背斜上部的碎屑岩厚度不同，背斜与向斜的盐类矿层之间产生"差异负载"。向斜部位的盐类矿层受到较大的载荷向背斜塑性流动，使背斜部位矿层增厚，形成盐背斜，而向斜部位的矿层厚度明显变小。盐背斜部位往往盐类矿层厚度巨大，埋藏浅，上覆地层常常缺失，甚至于盐背斜进一步发育使钾盐矿层刺穿上覆泥岩层而暴露于相对的淡水环境中而遭受溶蚀。

    The salt deposits in Vientiane Plain occurrence in Palaeocene Tagong Formation. The main Kalium-bearing minerals are carnallite and a little of sylvinite. During mineralization period, the Tagong Formation and salt deposits were controlled by NW-trending boundary faults and Tagong syncline. After mineralization period, the salt deposits were controlled by fold (salt syncline and salt anticline). The salt deposits formed broad and gentle fold under the horizontal stress. Inside syncline, deposition rate is relatively quickly and the thickness of clastic rocks upper salt seam is relatively large. On anticline, the thickness of clastic rocks upper salt seam is relatively thin. There are large density differences between salt deposits and clastic rocks, and the thickness of clastic rocks in the anticline is different from the one in syncline, so the salt deposits form differential loading. The salt deposits in syncline happened plastic flow towards anticline by larger loading. Thus the salt deposits in anticline become thicker, salt anticline form. The thickness of salt deposits in syncline becomes smaller. Thickness of the salt deposits in anticline is often great; its burial depth is shallow. The strata over anticline are often incomplete. With the salt anticline far development, the potash deposits pierce upper mudstone and expose oneself to relatively freshwater surroundings to suffer corrosion.

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  • 图 1  老挝万象平原构造纲要图

    Figure 1. 

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    图 2  塔贡矿区TL1线地震地质剖面图

    Figure 2. 

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    图 3  班海矿区HX1线地震地质剖面图

    Figure 3. 

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    图 4  班海矿段HX1线钾盐层隆起在时间剖面上的显示

    Figure 4. 

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    图 5  班农刀地区地质剖面图

    Figure 5. 

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    图 6  盐背斜形成示意图

    Figure 6. 

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收稿日期:  2011-04-09
刊出日期:  2012-03-25

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