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差应变法地应力测量——以汶川地震断裂带科学钻探WFSD-1钻孔为例

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彭华, 马秀敏, 姜景捷. 差应变法地应力测量——以汶川地震断裂带科学钻探WFSD-1钻孔为例[J]. 地质力学学报, 2011, 17(3): 249-261.
引用本文: 彭华, 马秀敏, 姜景捷. 差应变法地应力测量——以汶川地震断裂带科学钻探WFSD-1钻孔为例[J]. 地质力学学报, 2011, 17(3): 249-261.
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PENG Hua, MA Xiu-min, JIANG Jing-jie. IN-SITU STRESS MEASUREMENT BY DIFFERENTIAL STRAIN ANALYSIS METHOD IN WFSD-1[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 2011, 17(3): 249-261.
Citation: PENG Hua, MA Xiu-min, JIANG Jing-jie. IN-SITU STRESS MEASUREMENT BY DIFFERENTIAL STRAIN ANALYSIS METHOD IN WFSD-1[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 2011, 17(3): 249-261.
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差应变法地应力测量——以汶川地震断裂带科学钻探WFSD-1钻孔为例

  • 1.

    国土资源部新构造运动与地质灾害重点实验室，北京 100081

  • 2.

    中国地质科学院地质力学研究所，北京 100081

  • 基金项目:
    科技部“汶川地震断裂带科学钻探”项目和地调项目(编号:1212010916064)联合资助
详细信息
    作者简介: 彭华(1964-)，男，研究员，主要从事地应力测量及相关测量仪器研制、地壳稳定性调查与评价、地质灾害、岩稳定性和岩石力学与工程施工等方面的研究工作。E-mail:ph68486797@yahoo.com.cn

  • 中图分类号: P315

IN-SITU STRESS MEASUREMENT BY DIFFERENTIAL STRAIN ANALYSIS METHOD IN WFSD-1

  • 1.

    Key Lab of Neotectonic Movement and Geohazrds, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100081, China

  • 2.

    Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

    摘要

  • 岩心差应变分析法是汶川地震断层科学钻探(WFSD)项目地应力测量的主要手段之一, 该技术通过高压容器对取之于钻孔不同深度的实验样品施加围压, 观察先前由于失去地层应力而膨胀产生的裂纹重新闭合, 并通过裂纹闭合过程差应变曲线分析, 确定主应力大小和方向。WFSD-1孔12个岩心样品的DSA测试结果表明:断层上下盘的应力状态有明显差异, 区域地应力不仅随深度增加, 还与地质结构和岩石的物理性质等因素有关。

    Core differential strain analysis method is one of the primary means of in-situ stress measurement in WFSD. Through the pressure vessel, the experimental samples taken from different depths are pressured. And it is observed that the produced cracks are re-closed due to the previously loss stratum stress. The technology is that the size and direction of principal stress are determined by differential stain analysis in the process of crack closure. This article describes the principle and data processing method of in-situ stress measurement by differential strain analysis (DSA) in WFSD-1. And the stress profile is established with depth in the hole. Test results show that the stress states of the upper and lower plate in the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault are significant differences. Regional in-situ stress not only increases with depth, but also concerns with the geological structure, rock physical properties and other factors.

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  • 图 1  岩心应力释放卸载产生的微裂隙及其分布示意图

    Figure 1. 

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    图 2  岩石受压微裂纹闭合过程围压-应变曲线

    Figure 2. 

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    图 3  WFSD-1钻孔示意图及采样位置

    Figure 3. 

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    图 4  DSA试验岩心试件贴片方式

    Figure 4. 

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    图 5  贴12个应变片的DSA试样

    Figure 5. 

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    图 6  熔凝石英补偿块

    Figure 6. 

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    图 7  试验高压容器

    Figure 7. 

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    图 8  数字应变仪记录的用标样作为桥臂的实验过程的围压-应变(ε(p))曲线(原始数据)

    Figure 8. 

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    图 9  压力闭合点pc补偿弹性模量后的差应变η(pc)曲线(WFSD-1-B6砂岩试样，深度1190 m)

    Figure 9. 

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    图 10  差应变数据η(pc)对p求导后的曲线

    Figure 10. 

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    图 11  部分试样围压下裂缝闭合过程主差主应变轴极密图

    Figure 11. 

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    图 12  WFSD-1钻孔应力随深度变化曲线

    Figure 12. 

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    表 1  差应变法应变椭球主应变轴比率

    Table 1.  Ratio of strain ellipsoid principal strain axes in DSA

    下载: 导出CSV

    表 2  WFSD-1井差应变法地应力测量结果比较

    Table 2.  The compared results of DSA stress measurement in WFSD-1 hole

    下载: 导出CSV
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收稿日期:  2011-05-30
刊出日期:  2011-09-25

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