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摘要:
相比LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年，独居石在一些年轻地质体或流体作用下的矿物定年中更具优势，具有很好的应用前景。然而，大多数独居石Th含量较高（可达7%），包裹体较多，另外随着独居石定年标样不断消耗，存量越来越少，也限制了独居石U-Th-Pb同位素测年的发展与应用。前人利用LA-ICP-MS探究合适的独居石U-Th-Pb测年实验条件，主要是改变激光器的参数，而未对ICP-MS的参数进行系统研究。本文通过改变激光器参数（束斑直径和激光频率）和ICP-MS参数（232Th驻留时间），分别在束斑直径为24μm、16μm和10μm，激光频率为3Hz、4Hz和5Hz，232Th驻留时间为10ms、6ms、3ms和1ms的条件下进行U-Th-Pb测年。最后以独居石RW-1为标样，对独居石样品Bananeira进行校正，期望得到独居石U-Th-Pb测年的最佳条件。结果表明：束斑直径为16μm，232Th驻留时间为3ms或1ms，能量密度为4J/cm2，激光频率为5Hz，载气He流速为0.35L/min，载气Ar流速为0.95L/min的实验条件下适合独居石测年，这两种条件下Bananeira的207Pb/235U加权平均年龄分别为510.7±8.6Ma（MSWD=0.87）、513.8±5.7Ma（MSWD=0.38，推荐值507.7±1.3Ma），误差在0.59%和1.20%左右；208Pb/232Th加权平均年龄分别为496.9±8.6Ma（MSWD=0.596）、499.8±5.6Ma（MSWD=0.37，推荐值497.6±1.6Ma），误差在0.14%和0.44%左右。并利用此条件对黄山花岗岩（HS-1）进行独居石U-Th-Pb测年，其207Pb/235U加权平均值在128.3±2.4Ma（MSWD=0.73），与本次测定该岩体的锆石年龄数据（127.0±2.1Ma，MSWD=0.93）在误差范围内一致，验证了本实验建立的独居石U-Th-Pb定年方法可靠。
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关键词:
- LA-ICP-MS /
- 独居石U-Th-Pb测年 /
- 激光束斑 /
- 232Th驻留时间
Abstract:BACKGROUND Compared with zircon U-Pb dating, monazite has more advantages in the dating of some metamorphic rocks or highly differentiated rocks. However, the U-Th-Pb isotopic dating of monazite has been limited, because of high Th concentration (commonly>7%), many mineral inclusions, and rare dating standard samples. Previous research on LA-ICP-MS U-Th-Pb dating of monazite mainly focused on laser parameters, and lacked attention on ICP-MS conditions.
OBJECTIVES To find suitable experimental LA-ICP-MS monazite dating conditions.
METHODS Using 193nm ArF excimer laser ablation system and Agilent 7500a inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer, laser parameters (laser beam spot diameter and laser frequency) and ICP-MS parameters(dwelling time of 232Th) were investigated. The laser beam spot diameter was set to 24μm, 16μm and 10μm, and the laser frequency was set to 3Hz, 4Hz and 5Hz. The dwelling time of 232Th was set to 10ms, 6ms, 3ms and 1ms for U-Th-Pb dating. Finally, the monazite sample RW-1 was used as the standard sample to calibrate the monazite sample Bananeira.
RESULTS It was suitable for monazite dating when the beam spot diameter was 16μm, the dwelling time of 232Th was 3ms or 1ms, the energy density was 4J/cm2, the laser frequency was 5Hz, the carrier gas (He) flow rate was 0.35L/min, and the carrier gas (Ar) flow rate was 0.95L/min. Under these conditions, Bananeira's weighted average ages of 207Pb/235U were 510.7±8.6Ma (MSWD=0.87), and 513.8±5.7Ma (MSWD=0.38), which were consistent with the recommended age of 507.7±1.3Ma with respective errors of 0.59% and 1.20%. 208Pb/232Th weighted average ages were 496.9±8.6Ma (MSWD=0.596) and 499.8±5.6Ma (MSWD=0.37), which were consistent with the recommended age of 497.6±1.6Ma, with respective errors of 0.14% and 0.44%. The 207Pb/235U weighted average age of Huangshan sample HS-1 was 128.3±2.4Ma (MSWD=0.73), which were close to the zircon age of 127.0±2.1Ma (MSWD=0.93) in the Huangshan area.
CONCLUSIONS The optimal laser and ICP-MS conditions are suitable for monazite U-Th-Pb isotopic age determination.
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Key words:
- LA-ICP-MS /
- monazite U-Th-Pb isotopic dating /
- laser spot /
- dwelling time of 232Th
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图 3 在束斑直径16μm、激光频率5Hz条件下，独居石样品Bananeira的LA-ICP-MS (A、B、C) 207Pb/235U与(a、b、c) 208Pb/232Th加权平均年龄图
Figure 3.
图 4 (a) 黄山样品HS-1锆石Tera-Wasserburg谐和图；(b)黄山样品HS-1锆石206Pb/238U加权平均年龄图；(c)黄山样品HS-1独居石Tera-Wasserburg谐和图与207Pb/235U加权平均年龄图；(d)黄山样品HS-1独居石208Pb/232Th加权平均年龄图
Figure 4.
表 1 LA-ICP-MS仪器测量工作参数
Table 1. Measurement parameters of LA-ICP-MS instrument
LA(激光器)工作参数 实验条件 激光波长 193nm 脉冲频率 5/4/3Hz 能量密度 4J/cm2 束斑直径 24/16/10μm 载气(He)流速 0.35L/min ICP-MS工作参数 实验条件 采样深度 5.2mm 射频功率 1300W 冷却气流速 15L/min 辅助气(Ar)流速 1L/min 载气(Ar)流速 0.95L/min 信号采集时间 50s 232Th驻留时间 10/6/3/1ms 238U驻留时间 50ms 204Pb驻留时间 10ms 206Pb驻留时间 100ms 207Pb驻留时间 200ms 208Pb驻留时间 10ms 
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表 2 不同条件下独居石样品Bananeira的加权平均年龄值及分馏系数
Table 2. Analytical results of U-Th-Pb age and fractionation factor of monazite sample Bananeira by LA-ICP-MS under specific conditions
LA-ICP-MS工作参数 207Pb/235U单点年龄范围(Ma) 207Pb/235U ±2σ (Ma) 与推荐值相比误差大小(%) 206Pb/238U单点年龄范围(Ma) 206Pb/238U ±2σ (Ma) 与推荐值相比误差大小(%) 206Pb/238U分馏系数(%) 208Pb/232Th单点年龄范围(Ma) 208Pb/232Th ±2σ (Ma) 与推荐值相比误差大小(%) 208Pb/232Th分馏系数(%) 24μm，3Hz，10ms (n=19) 479~514 495.5±5.1 -2.32 487~504 494.0±5.7 -3.82 1.9 483~501 490.5±5.6 -1.43 1.2 16μm，5Hz，10ms (n=18) 492~540 509.1±9.4 0.27 497~516 511.4±8.5 -0.42 1.3 497-522 507.9±8.8 2.06 2.3 10μm，4Hz，10ms (n=23) 466~523 482.9±5.7 -4.88 486~503 493.3±5.5 -3.95 0.1 459~488 471.6±5.0 -5.23 1.7 16μm，5Hz，6ms (n=19) 490~591 510.2±6.2 0.49 494~540 514.4±6.1 0.16 1.0 485~541 511.5±8.6 2.79 2.3 16μm，5Hz，3ms (n=9) 495~537 510.7±8.6 0.59 489~515 499.8±8.7 -2.69 3.7 484~508 496.9±8.6 -0.14 2.3 16μm，5Hz，1ms (n=20) 502~545 513.8±5.7 1.20 485~515 499.9±5.6 -2.67 1.0 486~512 499.8±5.6 0.44 < 0.1 样品Bananeira推荐值 ID-TIMS: 507.7±1.3Ma ID-TIMS: 513.6±1.2Ma LA-MC-ICP-MS: 497.6±1.6Ma
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表 3 黄山样品(HS-1)的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分析结果
Table 3. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating results for Huangshan sample (HS-1)
HS-1分析点号 232Th (×10-6) 238U (×10-6) Th/U 207Pb/206Pb 207Pb/235U 206Pb/238U 208Pb/232Th 207Pb/235U年龄(Ma) 206Pb/238U年龄(Ma) 208Pb/232Th年龄(Ma) 比值 ±1σ 比值 ±1σ 比值 ±1σ 比值 ±1σ 年龄 ±1σ 年龄 ±1σ 年龄 ±1σ 1 462 929 0.49 0.0508 0.0021 0.1349 0.0055 0.0192 0.0005 0.0061 0.0002 129 4.9 123 3.3 124 4.6 2 313 601 0.52 0.0502 0.0025 0.1335 0.0063 0.0184 0.0006 0.0064 0.0002 127 5.6 124 3.5 129 4.9 3 412 820 0.50 0.0503 0.0022 0.1360 0.0060 0.0197 0.0006 0.0062 0.0002 129 5.3 126 3.5 125 4.8 4 398 899 0.44 0.0521 0.0023 0.1425 0.0061 0.0200 0.0006 0.0067 0.0003 135 5.4 127 3.6 134 5.0 5 348 603 0.57 0.0547 0.0023 0.1508 0.0062 0.0200 0.0006 0.0066 0.0002 143 5.4 128 3.4 133 4.7 6 201 506 0.39 0.0507 0.0023 0.1368 0.0060 0.0197 0.0006 0.0066 0.0002 130 5.4 126 3.5 132 4.9 7 188 355 0.52 0.0533 0.0030 0.1433 0.0072 0.0198 0.0006 0.0070 0.0003 136 6.4 126 3.7 141 5.5 8 399 806 0.49 0.0526 0.0022 0.1424 0.0057 0.0194 0.0005 0.0066 0.0002 135 5.1 124 3.5 132 4.7 9 145 242 0.59 0.0520 0.0025 0.1524 0.0074 0.0212 0.0007 0.0060 0.0003 144 6.4 135 4.3 122 5.2 10 163 212 0.76 0.0636 0.0038 0.1740 0.0096 0.0204 0.0006 0.0076 0.0003 163 8.3 130 4.0 153 6.1 11 119 165 0.72 0.0698 0.0044 0.1897 0.0116 0.0201 0.0006 0.0073 0.0003 176 9.9 128 3.8 148 5.9 12 133 199 0.66 0.0701 0.0035 0.1972 0.0095 0.0208 0.0006 0.0077 0.0003 183 8.1 133 3.9 154 6.2
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表 4 黄山样品(HS-1)LA-ICP-MS独居石U-Th-Pb年龄分析结果
Table 4. LA-ICP-MS monazite U-Th-Pb dating results for Huangshan sample (HS-1)
HS-1分析点号 232Th (×10-6) 238U (×10-6) Th/U 207Pb/206Pb 207Pb/235U 206Pb/238U 208Pb/ 232Th 207Pb/235U年龄(Ma) 206Pb/238U年龄(Ma) 208Pb/232Th年龄(Ma) 比值 ±1σ 比值 ±1σ 比值 ±1σ 比值 ±1σ 年龄 ±1σ 年龄 ±1σ 年龄 ±1σ 1 14737 1448 10.17 0.0477 0.0021 0.1351 0.0058 0.0212 0.0008 0.0063 0.0001 129 5.1 135 5.3 128 2.8 2 90110 1899 47.45 0.0539 0.0057 0.1558 0.0179 0.0209 0.0005 0.0065 0.0001 147 15.8 133 3.0 132 2.9 3 8699 969 8.97 0.0513 0.0025 0.1400 0.0067 0.0200 0.0005 0.0063 0.0001 133 6.0 128 2.9 127 2.8 4 76018 1540 49.36 0.0609 0.0022 0.1752 0.0064 0.0209 0.0005 0.0064 0.0001 164 5.6 133 2.9 128 2.7 5 12920 1403 9.20 0.0488 0.0019 0.1378 0.0056 0.0205 0.0005 0.0064 0.0001 131 5.0 131 2.9 129 2.8 6 61612 1236 49.82 0.0536 0.0029 0.1471 0.0076 0.0203 0.0005 0.0065 0.0001 139 6.8 130 3.0 130 2.8 7 82496 2223 37.10 0.0496 0.0017 0.1373 0.0047 0.0201 0.0004 0.0065 0.0001 131 4.2 128 2.8 131 2.8 8 58849 782 75.24 0.0655 0.0032 0.1922 0.0092 0.0216 0.0005 0.0065 0.0001 178 7.8 138 3.3 132 2.8 9 26975 1527 17.66 0.0483 0.0020 0.1306 0.0052 0.0198 0.0005 0.0061 0.0001 125 4.6 126 2.9 122 2.7 10 60598 1296 46.74 0.0532 0.0025 0.1514 0.0067 0.0210 0.0005 0.0065 0.0001 143 5.9 134 3.0 131 2.8 11 83898 2148 39.05 0.0529 0.0020 0.1540 0.0060 0.0211 0.0005 0.0066 0.0001 145 5.2 135 3.0 132 2.8 12 107300 4797 22.36 0.0480 0.0014 0.1309 0.0038 0.0198 0.0004 0.0066 0.0001 125 3.4 127 2.8 133 2.8 13 21830 1634 13.36 0.0501 0.0022 0.1404 0.0060 0.0206 0.0005 0.0066 0.0001 133 5.3 131 3.0 132 2.9 14 24883 1008 24.68 0.0533 0.0025 0.1525 0.0073 0.0207 0.0005 0.0067 0.0001 144 6.5 132 3.0 134 2.9 15 38800 2070 18.74 0.0458 0.0018 0.1313 0.0052 0.0209 0.0005 0.0070 0.0001 125 4.7 134 3.1 141 3.1 16 11495 1419 8.10 0.0502 0.0022 0.1394 0.0059 0.0204 0.0005 0.0066 0.0001 133 5.2 130 3.0 132 3.0 17 64585 1648 39.19 0.0484 0.0020 0.1357 0.0055 0.0206 0.0005 0.0064 0.0001 129 4.9 132 3.0 130 2.8 18 72333 2071 34.92 0.0752 0.0029 0.2185 0.0089 0.0211 0.0005 0.0065 0.0001 201 7.4 134 3.0 131 2.9 19 23523 1643 14.31 0.0737 0.0033 0.1783 0.0075 0.0184 0.0006 0.0060 0.0001 167 6.5 118 3.5 121 2.9 20 76446 1456 52.49 0.0734 0.0023 0.2125 0.0068 0.0210 0.0005 0.0065 0.0001 196 5.7 134 3.0 131 2.8 21 117613 4410 26.67 0.0494 0.0015 0.1342 0.0041 0.0197 0.0004 0.0065 0.0001 128 3.7 136 2.7 131 2.8 22 125333 5058 24.77 0.0481 0.0014 0.1314 0.0038 0.0199 0.0004 0.0066 0.0001 125 3.4 137 2.7 133 2.8 23 41657 1197 34.80 0.0559 0.0025 0.1578 0.0070 0.0207 0.0005 0.0065 0.0001 149 6.1 132 3.0 130 2.8 24 16645 4031 4.12 0.0494 0.0015 0.1308 0.0040 0.0193 0.0004 0.0063 0.0001 125 3.6 123 2.7 126 2.7
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