Abstract: Four sets of reservoir-seal associations are hosted in the Silurian strata in the Tarim Basin, Xinjiang. These reservoir-seal associations may be grouped into three types of reservoir-seal association models, including (1) the even reservoir-seal associations developed in the depression; (2) medium- and low-angle reservoir-seal associations developed on the marginal slopes of uplifted zones, and (3) high-angle reservoir-seal associations developed in higher parts of uplifted zones. The favourable reservoir-seal associations are delineated, and their bearings on the trap types are also discussed on the basis of comprehensive evaluation of the reservoir rocks and cap rocks in the study area.