Abstract: Australia has very rich and varied types of rare earth resources. Based on the summarization of the geological characteristics of 170 rare earth ore deposits in Australia, the authors divided theses deposits into four main types and thirteen subtypes. The four main types include ore deposits related to magmatic activities, ore deposits related to the sedimentary basin, ore deposits related to modern rivers and coastal placer, and ore deposits related to supergene soil weathering. The authors also summarized the distribution characteristics of ore deposits of each type, their metallogenic epoch and geological characteristics. On such a basis and through an analysis of such factors as geological backgrounds and metallogenic characteristics of the rare earth deposits, the authors preliminarily delineated nine major rare earth ore concentrqation areas and analyzed the commercial value and resource potential of these areas. It is held that H and E areas are favorable areas for the next step mining investment.