Abstract: Natural heavy mineral survey is one of the important methods for mineral exploration. It is significant to extract the information of heavy mineral anomalies and its intrinsic link with regional geology and mineralization for revealing the regional metallogenic regularity and predicting potential deposits. The Xiyi Pb-Zn deposit is a case of successful ore-prospecting breakthrough based on the anomalies of heavy minerals in combination with other prospecting methods. This paper reports the basic characteristics of the anomalies of heavy minerals in the Xiyi Pb-Zn deposit and the important role of these anomalies in the breakthrough of the prospecting work in the Xiyi Pb-Zn deposit.