内蒙古发现白垩纪大型拟苏铁科(本内苏铁目)茎干化石
The first discovery of a Cretaceous big Cycadeoidaceae (Bennettitales) trunk from Inner Mongolia
-
摘要: 内蒙古包头达尔罕茂明安联合旗发现了保存完整的白垩纪大型本内苏铁目拟苏铁科拟苏铁属（Cycadeoidea）茎干化石。茎干化石呈椭球形，保存完好，高56cm，最大直径48cm，化石表面密布的菱形叶柄基呈螺旋状排列，从基部至顶端叶柄基逐渐变小，球果不均匀散生于叶柄基之间。茎干化石从内到外包括中央的髓部、外围的木质部圆筒、叶柄基、球果等。这是国内首次发现保存比较完整的本内苏铁目拟苏铁科茎干化石。同时，在茎干化石产地附近还发现有裸子植物宽孔异木（Xenoxylon latiporosum（Cramer）Gothan）木化石。本内苏铁茎干及宽孔异木化石对于研究本内苏铁目的演化历史和当时的植物群组成特点具有重要的科学意义。Abstract: A well preserved big Cycadeoidea (Cycadeoidaceae, Bennettitales) fossil trunk has recently been found from the Cretaceous strata in Darhan Muminggan Joint Banner, Baotou City, Inner Mongolia. The trunk in columnar shape measures 56cm in height and 48cm in maximum diameter. It consists of central pith, peripheral xylem cylinder, petiole bases and cones from the central part to the outside. The dense rhombic bases of the petiole are helically arranged on the surface of the trunk. The petiole bases decrease in size from the base to the apex of the trunk, with cones unevenly scattered in between. This specimen is the first complete fossil trunk of Cycadeoidea found in China. The fossil wood of Xenoxylon latiporosum (Cramer) Gothan (Gymnosperm) is recognized near the fossil trunk. The trunk and other fossil woods are important materials for studying the evolution of Cycadeoidea and the composition of Cretaceous flora in northern China.
-
-
[1] Norstog K J,Nicholls T J.The biology of the cycads[M].Ithaca,New York:Cornell University Press,1997:1-363
[2] Chaw S M,Walters T W,Chang C C,et al.A phylogeny of cycads (Cycadales) inferred from chloroplast mat K gene,trn K intron,and nuclearr DNA ITS region[J].Mol.Phylogenet Evol.,2005,37:214-234.
[3] Hill K D,Stevenson D W,Osborne R.The world list of cycads[J].Bot.Rev.,2004,70:274-298.
[4] Watson J,Lydon S J.The bennettitalean trunk genera Cycadeoidea and Monanthesia in the Purbeck,Wealden and Lower Greensand of southern England:a reassessment[J].Cretaceous Res.,2004,25:1-26.
[5] 斯行健,李星学.中国植物化石第二册中国中生代植物[M].北京:科学出版社,1963:1-429.
[6] Taylor T N.Paleobotany:An introduction to fossil plant biology[M].New York:McGraw Hill,1981:1-589.
[7] 孙柏年,沈光隆.尼尔桑带羽叶属的一个新种[J].古生物学报,1988,27(5):561-564.
[8] 吴向午.鄂西中侏罗世香溪组几种本内苏铁[J].古生物学报,1988,27(6):751-758.
[9] Knobloch E,Kvacek J.Bennettitalean and coniferalean (?) leaves from the Cretaceous (Cenomanian) of the Bohemian Massif,Central Europe[J].Cretaceous Res.,1997,18:567-586
[10] 曹正尧.苏皖象山群下部一些本内苏铁目化石的表皮构造研究[J].古生物学报,1998,37:283-294.
[11] Tidwell W D.Common fossil plants of western North America[M].Washington and London:Smithsonian Institution Press.1998:1-299.
[12] Pott C,McLoughlin S.Bennettitalean foliage in the Rhaetian-Bajocian (latest Triassic-Middle Jurassic) floras of Scania,southern Sweden[J].Rev.Palaeobot Palynol.,2009,158:117-166.
[13] Taylor T N,Taylor E L,Krings M.Paleobotany,second editon:The biology and evolution of fossil plants[M].Academic Press,2010:1-1230.
[14] Philippe M,Voigt S,Pott C,et al.Cycadalean and bennettitalean foliage from the Triassic Madygen Lagerstätte (SW Kyrgyzstan,Central Asia)[J].Rev Palaeobot Palynol.2011,164:93-108.
[15] Zhao M,Sun CL,Dilcher DL,et al.Anomozamites (Bennettitales) from Middle Jurassic Haifanggou Formation,western Liaoning,China[J].Global Geology,2015,18(2):75-87.
[16] Strullu-Derrien C,McLoughlin S,Philippe M,et al.Arthropod interactions with bennettitalean roots in a Triassic permineralized peat from Hopen,Svalbard Archipelago (Arctic)[J].Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol,2012,348/349:45-58.
[17] Pott C,Krings M,Kerp H,et al.Reconstruction of a bennettitalean flower from the Carnian (Upper Triassic) of Lunz,Lower Austria[J].Rev.Palaeobot Palynol.,2010,159:94-111.
[18] Rothwell G W,Stockey R A.Anatomically preserved Cycadeoidea (Cycadeoidaceae),with a reevaluation of systematic characters for the seed cones of Bennettitales[J].Am.J.Bot.,2002,89(9):1447-1458.
[19] Nishida H.Diversity and significance of Late Cretaceous perminer-alized plant remains from Hokkaido,Japan[J].Bot.Mag.Tokyo,1991,104:253-273.
[20] Nishida H.Cretaceous plants of Japan based on permineralized fos-sils[J].Fossils,2005,78:5-20.
[21] Saiki K,Yoshida Y.A new Bennettitalean trunk with unilacunar five-trace nodal structure from the Upper Cretaceous of Hokkaido,Japan[J].Am.J.Bot.,1999,86(3):326-332.
[22] Crisafulli A,Hernández B S,Herbst R.Filicales y Bennettitales del Cretácico Inferior de Carazuelo,provincia de Soria,España[J].Geobios,2008,41:589-604.
[23] 何德长,张秀仪.河南义马和鄂尔多斯中侏罗世几种成煤植物[J].现代地质1993,7(3):261-265.
[24] 张武,李勇,郑少林,等.中国木化石[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2006:1-356.
[25] Wang Y D,Zhang W,Zheng S L,et al.New discovery of fossil cycad-like plants from the Middle Jurassic of west Liaoning,China[J].Chinese Sci.Bull.,2005,50:1804-1807.
[26] Zhang W,Wang Y D,Saiki K,et al.A structurally Preserved cycad-like stem,Lioxylon liaoningense gen.et sp.nov.,from the Middle Jurassic in Western Liaoning,China[J].Progress in Natural Science,2006,16(Special Issue):236-248.
[27] Zhang W,Yang X J,Fu X P,et al.A polyxylic Cycad trunk from the Middle Jurassic of western Liaoning,China,and its evolutionary implications[J].Rev.Palaeobot Palynol.,2012,183:50-60.
[28] Ogura Y.On the structure and affinities of some Cretaceous plants from Hokkaido[J].J.Fac.Sci.Imp.Univ.Tokyo.,Sect 3,1930,2:381-412.
-
计量
- 文章访问数: 1771
- PDF下载数: 369
- 施引文献: 0
下载: