新疆巴里坤小加山钨矿地质特征与成因
Geological characteristics and genetic mechanism of the Xiaojiashan tungsten deposit in the Barkol district, Xinjiang
-
摘要: 小加山钨矿区位于东准噶尔成矿区中部南缘，处于博格达-哈尔里克构造带上。构造位置上矿区处于哈尔里克复式背斜中，构造线方向以EW 向为主。矿区出露地层主要为中泥盆统大南湖组第一亚组第一段（D2d11）、和第二段（D2d12）。主要岩浆岩有石英闪长岩、黑云母二长花岗岩、钾长花岗岩及少量中酸性花岗闪长岩脉。矿体赋存于邻近海西晚期花岗岩侵入体附近的中泥盆统大南湖组第一亚组第二段（D2d12）的变质晶屑凝灰岩中。矿石类型为石英脉型黑钨矿石，有用金属主要为黑钨矿，黑钨矿石英脉分为灰色含钨石英脉和白色含钨石英脉2 种。四极质谱分析法测得矿床流体包裹体气相成分以H2O、CO2为主，次为N2、CH4，此外还含有少量的Ar、C2H6，液相成分以Cl-、Na+为主，次为Ca2+，表明成矿流体主要为H2O-CO2-NaCl 体系。矿床成因类型属于高温热液石英脉型黑钨矿床，矿体主要位于围岩裂隙构造。钨主要由侵入围岩地层中的地幔热液迁移富集而来，W 元素迁移过程中，含钨络合物成矿流体分解进而沉淀成矿。Abstract: The Xiaojiashan tungsten deposit, located at the southern edge of the central area of east Junggar, is one of the metallic deposits in Bogda-Harlik tectonic belt. The structural position of the deposit is in the Harlik double anticline and the tectonic line is mainly EW-striking. The regional strata are mainly composed of 1st and 2nd lithologic member of the 1st Subformation of Middle Devonian Dananhu Formation (D2d11, D2d12). The mining area has sporadic quartz diorite, moyite and a small number of intermediate-acid granodiorite veins. The orebodies occur in a late Hercian granite intrusion near the metamorphic crystal tuff which consists of the 2nd lithologic member of the 1st Dananhu Subgroup in Middle Devonian (D2d12), whose type is wolframite ores of quartz vein, and wolframite is the main useful metal. Tungsten-bearing quartz veins are divided into gray wolframite-quartz vein and white quartz vein. Quadrupole mass spectrometry reveals that fluid inclusions contain major gas phase contents of CO2, H2O and a little variable positive ion component of Ca2+. In addition, there is a little variable components of Ar, C2H6 in gas phase. Meanwhile, fluid inclusions contain major liquid phase contents of Cl-, Na+ and a little variable positive ion component of Ca2+. It can be inferred that the ore-forming fluid of the Xiaojiashan wolframite deposit is characterized by a CO2-rich, low salinity, and H2O-CO2-NaCl system. The origin of the Xiaojiashan wolframite deposit can be considered as a high-temperature hydrothermal quartz vein type deposit controlled by fissure structures. Wolframite-bearing ore veins are distributed mainly over fissure structures. A portion of tungsten must have been sourced from migration and enrichment of mantle hydrothermal intrusion in wall rock and strata. Therefore, W-bearing complexes ore-forming fluid decomposed in the migration process of W, and promoted the precipitation of W in the Xiaojiashan deposit.
-
Key words:
- geological characteristics /
- fluid composition /
- Quadrupole mass spectrometer /
- wolframite /
- Xiaojiashan
-
-
[1] 楼法生, 唐春花. 新疆巴里坤红井子地区石炭纪火山岩及其大地构造环境分析[J]. 新疆地质, 1995, 13(1): 67-76.
[2] 王伟健. 新疆巴里坤县大加山一带碱性花岗岩的特征及构造环境探讨[J]. 新疆地质, 1996, 14(2): 159-168.
[3] 杨志平. 新疆巴里坤县八墙子一带金铜成矿规律分析及找矿方向[J]. 华北国土资源, 2011, 2: 4-6.
[4] 新疆维吾尔自治区地质矿产局. 新疆维吾尔自治区区域地质志[M]. 北京: 地质出版社, 1993: 86-759.
[5] 王玉玺. 新疆博格达山东段晚古生代水系沉积物及成矿意义的研究[D]. 兰州大学硕士学位论文, 2010: 9-10.
[6] 新疆维吾尔自治区地质矿产局. 新疆维吾尔自治区岩石地层[M]. 武汉: 中国地质大学出版社, 1999: 20-140.
[7] 徐学义, 何世平, 王洪亮, 等. 中国两北部地质概论—秦岭、祁迮、天山地区[M]. 北京: 科学山版社, 2008: 93-95.
[8] 马瑞士, 叶尚夫, 王赐银, 等. 东天山造山带构造格架和演化[J]. 新疆地质科学, 1990, 2: 21-36.
[9] Xiao W J, Zhang L C, Qin K Z, et al. Paleozoic accretionary and collisional tectonics of the eastern Tianshan (China): implications for the continental growth of central Asia[J]. American Journal of Science, 2004, 304: 370-395.
[10] Xiao W J, Han C M, Yuan C, et al. Middle Cambrian to Permian subduction-related accretionary orogenesis of Northern Xinjiang, NW China: Implications for the tectonic evolution of central Asia[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2008, 32: 102-117.
[11] 顾连兴, 胡受奚, 于春水, 等. 博格达陆内碰撞带挤压-拉张构造转折期的侵入活动[J]. 岩石学报, 2001, 17(2): 187-198.
[12] 顾连兴, 胡受奚, 于春水, 等. 论博格达俯冲撕裂型裂谷的形成与演化[J]. 岩石学报, 2001, 17(4): 585-597.
[13] 崔盛芹. 论全球性中-新生代陆内造山作用与造山带[J]. 地学前缘, 1999, 6(4): 283-293.
[14] Sawkins F J. Metal deposits in relation to Plate-tectonics[M]. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, Second edition,1990.
[15] 宋鸿林. 燕山式板内造山带基本特征与动力学探讨[J]. 地学前缘, 1999, 6(4): 309-316.
[16] Han B F, He G Q, Wang S G. Post collisional mantle-derived magmatism, under plating and implications for basement of the Junggar basin[J]. Science in China(Series D), 1999, 42(2): 113-119.
[17] 何国琦, 李茂松, 刘德权, 等. 中国新疆古生代地壳演化及成矿[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社, 1994: 1-437.
[18] 顾连兴, 胡受奚, 于春水, 等. 东天山博格达造山带石炭纪火山岩及其形成地质环境[J]. 岩石学报, 2000, 16(3): 305-317.
[19] 王银喜, 顾连兴, 张遵忠, 等. 博格达裂谷双峰式火山岩地质年代学与Nd-Sr-Pb同位素地球化学特征[J]. 岩石学报, 2006, 22(5): 1215-1224.
[20] 方国庆. 东天山古生代板块构造特点及其演化模式[J]. 甘肃地质学报, 1994, 3(1): 34-40.
[21] 马瑞士, 王赐银, 叶尚夫, 等. 东天山构造格架及地壳演化[M]. 南京: 南京大学出版社, 1993.
[22] 孙桂华, 李锦轶, 高立明, 等. 新疆东部哈尔里克山闪长岩体锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年及其地质意义[J]. 地质论评, 2005, 51(4): 463-469.
[23] 孙桂华, 李锦轶, 朱志新, 等. 新疆哈尔里克山古生代以来构造变形及构造演化[D]. 中国地质科学院地质研究所博士学位论文, 2007.
[24] Davies G R, Macdonald R. Crustal in fluences in the Petrol genesis of the Naivasha basalt-comendite complex: Combined trace element and Sr-Nd-Pb isotope constraints[J]. Petrol, 1987, 28(6): 1009-1031.
[25] Cull J P, Oreilly S Y, Griffin W L. Xenoliths'. Geotherms and crustal models in eastern Australia[J]. Tectonophsics, 1991, 192: 359-366.
[26] 卢文忠, 刘亚娟. 浅析新疆双峰山金矿床地质特征及矿床类型[J]. 新疆有色金属, 2003, 4(S2): 9-11.
[27] 彭晓明, 莫江平, 郦今敖, 等. 新疆哈尔里克双峰山浅成低温热液金矿床的地质特征与成矿模式[J]. 矿床地质, 2004, 23(1): 101-106.
[28] 陈仁义, 刘海光, 马文义, 等. 新疆琼河坝铜金矿化地质特征及成因机理[J]. 地质与勘探, 1995, 31(1): 26-31.
[29] 刘伟, 李新俊, 邓军. 东天山金窝子石英脉金矿床成矿流体和成矿物质的来源[J]. 中国科学(D辑), 2002, 32(增刊): 105-119.
[30] 朱和平, 王莉娟. 四极质谱测定包裹体中的气相成分[J]. 中国科学(D辑), 2001, 31(7): 586-590.
[31] 朱和平, 王莉娟, 刘建明. 不同成矿阶段流体包裹体气相成分的四极质谱测定[J]. 岩石学报, 2003, 19(2): 314-318.
[32] 卢焕章, 范宏瑞, 倪培, 等. 流体包裹体[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2004: 232.
[33] Higgins N C. Fluid inclusion evidence for the transport of tungsten by carbonate complexes in hydrothermal solutions[J]. Earth Science, 1980, 17: 823-830.
[34] Rios F J, Villas R N, Fuzikawa K. Fluid evolution in the pedra preta wolframite ore deposit, paleproterozoic musa granite, Eastern Amazon Craton, Brazil[J]. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 2003, 15: 790-794.
[35] Drummond S E, Ohmoto H. Chemical evolution and mineral deposition in boiling hydrothermal systems[J]. Economic Geology, 1985, 80: 126-147.
[36] So C S, Yun S T. Origin and evolution of W-Mo producing fluids in a granitic hydrothermal system: geochemical studies of quartz vein deposits around the Susan granite, Hwanggangri district, Republic of Korea[J]. Economic Geology, 1994, 89: 246-267.
-
计量
- 文章访问数: 1131
- PDF下载数: 72
- 施引文献: 0
下载: