摘要:
环渤海辽冀津鲁砂质岸近几十年遭受愈来愈强烈的侵蚀,岸线平均蚀退率约1.0~2.0 m/a,局部或短期可达5~8 m/a。为抑制海岸侵蚀,曾采取大量修建顺岸坝、丁坝等海岸"硬工程"护岸,但引起下游岸段继续侵蚀。近年逐渐发展起来的抛沙养滩工程可以增宽和稳定海滩,至2012年底,已完成和正在进行共有13处养滩工程,包括砂岸养滩、泥岸养滩和岩岸养滩等3种类型。在不同类型的海滩上养滩,应强调不同的设计重心。环渤海各养滩工程效果比较好,促进了滨海旅游业的发展,也取得了一些设计经验,预计未来将迎来环渤海海滩养护的新高潮。
Abstract:
The sandy beaches of Liaoning, Hebei, Tianjin and Shandong have suffered heavy erosion in recent decades. The mean erosion rate of the coastline is about 1.0~2.0 m/a, and up to 5~8 m/a locally or in a short time. In order to suppress coastal erosion, many hard structures such as alongshore breakwaters and spur dikes were built to protect the coast many years ago, which however caused continued erosion to the downstream coast. In recent years, beach nourishment technology was developed which can stabilize and widen the beach. By the end of 2012, 13 nourishment projects have been completed or under operation, including sandy beach nourishment, muddy beach nourishment and rocky beach nourishment and the results of them are generally good. These projects may promote the development of coastal tourism, and provide important design experiences.
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