摘要:
根据表层沉积物、3期水深地形及Landsat卫星影像资料,对莱州湾东岸三山岛-石虎嘴近岸8 m等深线以浅海域表层沉积物分布、岸线变迁和冲淤变化特征进行了研究。结果表明:研究区表层沉积物为粉砂质砂、砂质粉砂、砂、含砾砂。海岸总体处于蚀退状态,三山岛-海北嘴海岸平均蚀退速率由1995-2005年的2.5 m/a减小为2005-2015年的2 m/a,海北嘴-石虎嘴海岸平均蚀退速率由1995-2005年的2.5 m/a增大为2005-2015年的3.5 m/a。2004-2015年三山岛-海北嘴海域总体呈侵蚀状态,其中2004-2007年,海北嘴西南侧海湾内以淤积为主,海北嘴西侧300~1 200 m范围海域以侵蚀为主;受近岸工程建设的影响,2007-2015年海北嘴西南侧海湾内由淤积变为侵蚀,海北嘴西侧300~1 200 m范围海域由侵蚀变为淤积。波浪是控制研究区冲淤演变的主导因素;海岸工程的建设等人类活动是影响研究区冲淤演变的重要因素。
Abstract:
Based on surficial samples, depth data and Landsat remote sensing images, the characteristics of surface sediment, shoreline change, and scouring and silting pattern have been studied in the offshore area up to the 8 m of isobath from the Sanshan Island to Haibeizui. Results show that there are 4 types of surface sediment in the study area, i.e. sandy silt, silty sand, pebbly sand and sand. Shoreline is retreating in the whole region. The retreating rate from the Sanshan Island to Haibeizui is 2.5m/a in 1995-2005, and 2 m/a in 2005-2015. The retreating rate of shoreline from Haibeizui to Shihuzui is 2.5 m/a during 1995-2005, and 3.5 m/a during 2005-2015. The study area is under erosion during the period of 2004~2015. Due to the effect of offshore construction programs, the bay to the southwest of Haibeizui cape is under deposition during the period of 2004-2007. It turned to erosion from 2007 to 2015; the west of Haibeizui from 300 m to 1 200 m in width is under an erosion state during 2004-2007, and became deposition during 2007-2015. Wave is the dominant factor of erosion and deposition. Human activities, such as offshore constructions, have played significant roles.
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