中国地质调查局青岛海洋地质研究所主办
高级检索

关中地区元代干旱灾害与气候变化

,  , 

文章导航 > 海洋地质与第四纪地质 > 2007 > 27(6): 111-117

上一篇

下一篇

顾静, 赵景波, 周杰. 关中地区元代干旱灾害与气候变化[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2007, 27(6): 111-117.
引用本文: 顾静, 赵景波, 周杰. 关中地区元代干旱灾害与气候变化[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2007, 27(6): 111-117.
shu
GU Jing, ZHAO Jing-bo, ZHOU Jie. DROUGHT DISASTER AND CLIMATIC CHANGE IN YUAN DYNASTY IN GUANZHONG AREA[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2007, 27(6): 111-117.
Citation: GU Jing, ZHAO Jing-bo, ZHOU Jie. DROUGHT DISASTER AND CLIMATIC CHANGE IN YUAN DYNASTY IN GUANZHONG AREA[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2007, 27(6): 111-117.
shu

关中地区元代干旱灾害与气候变化

  • 1 中国科学院地球环境研究所 黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室, 西安 710075;

  • 2 中国科学院 研究生院, 北京 100039;

  • 3 陕西师范大学 旅游与环境学院, 西安 710062

  • 基金项目:

    教育部人文社科研究基地重大招标项目(05jjd770014)

    国家自然科学基金项目(40571004)

    中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目(KZCX3-SW-146)

详细信息
    作者简介: 顾静(1981-),女,博士生,主要从事自然地理与第四纪研究,E-mail:gj@stu.snnu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: P532

DROUGHT DISASTER AND CLIMATIC CHANGE IN YUAN DYNASTY IN GUANZHONG AREA

  • 1 State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710075, China;

  • 2 Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100000, China;

  • 3 Geographical Department of Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China

    摘要
  • 通过对元代关中地区历史资料的搜集、整理和分析,对该时期关中地区的干旱灾害等级、干旱灾害事件在时间上的变化及其成因进行了研究。结果表明:关中地区从元代早期(公元1266年)至元代晚期(公元1359年)的94年中,共发生干旱灾害33次,平均每2.85年发生一次;元代关中地区的干旱灾害主要以轻度旱灾为主,占旱灾总数的42.4%,其次是中度旱灾,占旱灾总数的24.2%,特大旱灾的发生频率也较高,占旱灾总数的21.2%,大旱灾发生频率最低,占旱灾总数的12.1%。关中地区干旱灾害在元代早、中、晚期分布不均匀,从早期到中期再到晚期,干旱灾害呈现出由少变多又变少的趋势;降水量的年内分布不均匀是该区在元代发生轻度和中度干旱灾害的主要原因,而气候的异常明显变干是该区在元代中期干旱灾害加剧和大旱灾频繁发生的主要原因。该地区自身的地理位置,所处的气候背景以及人类活动导致植被破坏也加剧了干旱灾害的发生。元代关中地区发生了1次干旱气候事件,时间在1326-1332年。初步确定元代关中大旱灾发生年份主要灾区的年均降水量为400 mm左右,特大旱灾发生年份主要灾区的年均降水量为350 mm左右。
    Based on collecting,arranging and analyzing historic materials in Yuan Dynasty in Guanzhong area, we analyzed ranks,time changes and causes of the drought disasters. Study results indicated that Guanzhong area altogether suffered 33 drought disasters,at the interval of 2.85 years from the early stage (in 1266 AD) to the last stage (in 1359 AD) of the 94 year-long Yuan Dynasty. The drought disasters in Yuan Dynasty in Guanzhong area were mainly mild ones that accounted for 42.4% of the total. Followed were the moderate drought disasters which accounted for 24.2% of the total.Frequency of the severest drought disasters was also high, and they accounted for 21.2% of the total.Frequency of great drought disasters was very low, and they accounted for only 12.1% of the total. Drought disasters were clearly non-uniform at the early,middle and last stages in Yuan Dynasty in Guanzhong area, and increased gradually with time. Temperature and precipitation that were distributed non-uniformly and changed greatly in different years were main causes of the mild and moderate drought disasters. That the climate obviously became drought was main causes of the great and severest drought disasters in the middle stage in Yuan Dynasty in Guanzhong area. The geographical position, climatic background and vegetation damage by human activity intensified the occurrence of drought disasters. There was a drought event in Yuan Dynasty in Guanzhong area that happened during 1296-1332. We determined that mean annual precipitation of great drought disaster was about 400 mm and mean annual precipitation of the severest drought disaster was about 350 mm in main drought disaster areas.
    • HTML全文
  • 加载中
    • 参考文献(19)
  • [1]

    赵景波,郁耀闯,王长燕.1850-1949年关中地区干旱灾害研究[J]. 陕西师大学报自然科学版,2006,34(4):99-103.

    [ZHAO Jing-bo, YU Yao-chuang, WANG Chang-yan. Research on droughts disaster of Guanzhong area from 1850 to 1949[J]. Journal of Shaanxi Normal University (Natural Science Edition), 2006,34(4):99-103.]

    [2]

    刘晓琼,赵景波.关中地区旱涝灾害研究[J]. 陕西师大学报自然科学版,2002,12,30(4):102

    -106.[LIU Xiao-qiong, ZHAO Jing-bo. Research on drought/flood in Guanzhong region[J]. Journal of Shaanxi Normal University (Natural Science Edition), 2002,12,30(4):102-106.]

    [3]

    谭徐明.近500年我国特大旱灾的研究[J]. 防灾减灾工程学报,2003,23(2):77-83.

    [TAN Xu-ming. Study of major drought disasters in China in recent 500 years[J]. Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering, 2003,23(2):77-83.]

    [4]

    袁林.西北灾荒史[M]. 兰州:甘肃人民出版社, 1994:381-387,646-650.

    [YUAN Lin. Disaster History in Northwest of China[M]. Lanzhou:Gansu People Publishing House, 1994:381-387,646-650.]

    [5]

    竺可桢.中国近五千年来气候变迁的初步研究[J].考古学报,1972(1):15-38.[ZHU Ke-zhen. Primary research of climate change in recent 5

    thousand years in China[J]. Journal of Archaeology, 1972(1):15-38.]

    [6]

    WANG Jing-ai, SU Yun. Vulnerability identification and assessment of agriculcure drought disaster in China[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2006, 21(2):161-168.

    [7]

    Thorndycraft V R, Benito G. Late Holocene fluvial chronology in Spain:the role of climatic variability and Htimail Impact[J]. Catena, 2006,66:34-41.

    [8]

    李兆元,杨文峰,徐小红. 西北干旱气候成因综述[J]. 陕西气象, 1999(5):15-17.[LI Zhao-yuan, YANG Wen-feng, XU Xiao-hong. Summary on the cause of Northwest drought climate[J]. Journal of Shaanxi Meteorology,1999

    (5):15-17.]

    [9]

    李惠茹. 陕西水旱灾害探讨[J]. 水资源与水工程学报, 2004,15(3):65-67.

    [LI Hui-ru. Discussion of drought and flood damage in Shaanxi Province[J]. Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering, 2004,15(3):65-67.]

    [10]

    同海丽. 陕西省干旱特征与抗旱对策及应急供水[J].地下水,2005,27(4):232-233.

    [TONG Hai-li. Drought characteristics and drought resistance measures and emergency water supply in Shaanxi Province[J]. Groundwater, 2005, 27(4):232-233.]

    [11]

    张德二.中国三千年气象记录总集[M]. 南京:江苏教育出版社,2000.[ZHANG De-er. A compendium of Chinese Meteorological records of the Last 3000 Years[M]. Nanjing Jiangsu Education Publishing House, 2000.]

    [12]

    刘引鸽.西北地区农业旱灾与预测研究[J].干旱区地理,2004,27(4):564-569.

    [LIU Yin-ge. Prediction on agricultural drought disasters in Northwest China[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2004,27(4):564-569.]

    [13]

    梁旭.我国西北五省旱灾历史变化规律分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,1999,13(1):28-33.

    [LIANG Xu. Analysis on history change laws of drought disaster in Northwestern China[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 1999,13(1):28-33.]

    [14]

    任朝霞,杨达源. 西北干旱区近50年旱涝时空变化及其防御措施研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2006,20(6):118-121.

    [REN Zhao-xia, YANG Da-yuan. Study on spatio-temporal changes of drought and flood in the arid region of Northwest China in recent 50 years and the countermeasures[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2006,20(6):118-121.]

    [15]

    关传友.历史时期气候变化对西北地区竹林分布的影响[J].世界竹藤通讯,2003,1(3):21-24.

    [GUAN Chuan-you. Influence of climate change of historic periods on Bamboo Distribution in Northwestern areas[J]. World Bamboo and Ratten, 2003,1(3):21-24.]

    [16]

    王元林.唐至元时黄土高原腹地植被变迁[J].宁夏社会科学,2006(2):97-101.[WANG Yuan-lin. The change of vegetation in the hinterland of Loess Plateau during the Tang,Song,Jin and Yuan dynasties[J]. Social Sciences in Ningxia, 2006

    (2):97-101.]

    [17]

    陈广思.关于元朝赈济西北灾害的几个问题[J].宁夏社会科学,2005,130(3):101-104.

    [CHEN Guang-si.Some problems on disaster relief in China Northwest in the Yuan Dynasty[J]. Social Sciences in Ningxia, 2005,130(3):101-104.]

    [18]

    杨新.陕西旱灾特征[J].灾害学,1998,13(2):80-84.

    [YANG Xin. The heaviest drought in Shaanxi Province in 1995[J]. Journal of Catastrophology, 1998,13(2):80-84.]

    [19]

    国家防汛抗旱总指挥部办公室、南京水文资源研究所.中国水旱灾害[M].北京:水利水电出版社,1977:292-296.[China Flood and Drought Management, Institute of Water Resource, Nanjing. Flood and Drought in China[M]. Beijing:China Irrigation Publishing House,1977:292

    -296.]

    • 相关文章
  • 施引文献
  • 资源附件(0)
  • 加载中
计量
  • 文章访问数:  1411
  • PDF下载数:  2
  • 施引文献:  0
出版历程
收稿日期:  2007-07-13
修回日期:  2007-11-19

目录

    版权所有：中国地质调查局发展研究中心 copyright @2020
    返回