摘要:
通过对1988、1997、2002和2005年4个时相Landsat卫星遥感数据的解译,得到了各年份胶州湾湿地的变化情况,由此建立了海岸湿地质量定量评价体系。分析结果表明:随着环胶州湾沿岸城市化进程的加快,近20年来胶州湾湿地退化状况日渐严重。初期阶段,自然湿地不断被人工湿地占据,后期又出现湿地向非湿地类型的转化。针对胶州湾湿地的现状,从湿地保护与城市、社会、经济统一协调发展的角度出发,提出了缓和人与自然的矛盾、保护胶州湾湿地的建议。
关键词:
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遥感
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湿地
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质量评价
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胶州湾
Abstract:
Based on analysis of four phases of remote sensing images(1988,1997,2002 and 2005), we got information on the wetland changes of Jiaozhou Bay. Coastal development activities since 1988 have had great influences on the Jiaozhou Bay wetlands. Natural wetlands no longer exist in the coastal area except for the Dagu River and Yanghe River estuaries where there are large stretches of grasslands. Since the year 1988, artificial buildings and land accretion activities have made natural coast disappear and wetland environment seriously destroyed on the east of the Jiaozhou Bay and along the Huangdao coast,and only some shallow sea wetland and sporadic tidal land remain. On the northeast side of the Bay,human activities are polderization and sea farming, which have continuously occupied natural wetland. Although salt fields and farming ponds decrease in number recently,natural wetlands suffer from a large drop in area. Urbanization, harbor construction and polderization are the main causes for the retrogradation of Jiaozhou Bay wetland. With the rapid development of Qingdao city,the environment of Jiaozhou Bay wetland becomes worse. But if we reasonably plan the development process and direction, and strengthen the management of coastal engineering and other human activities,retrogradation of the Jiaozhou Bay wetland can be effectively put under control.
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