摘要:
广西合山属于煤炭资源枯竭型城市，正在经历的市域经济转型与大规模城市建设，使得矿山地质环境影响评价成为一项基础性工作。将矿山地质环境影响评价划分为两个层次，即采矿活动对矿山地质环境影响评价和城市建设对地质环境的影响评价。选取矿山地质环境条件、矿山开采状况、矿山地质环境问题3个地质环境要素，地形地貌、植被覆盖率、岩土体工程特征、矿山分布密度、煤层倾斜角度、煤层采深采厚比、土地资源破坏强度、水资源破坏强度、地质灾害发育强度9个评价指标，首先应用模糊综合评价模型进行了第一层次的矿山地质环境影响评价，然后采用综合指数评价模型进行了第二层次的地质环境影响评价，结果显示，影响严重区、较严重区、一般区分别为62.87，118.84，175.99km2，各占市域面积的17.6%、33.2%、49.2%。评价结果可作为合山市矿山地质环境综合治理的重要依据。
Abstract:
Heshan City is a resourceexhausted cities, which has been developed from coal mine industry and has been undergoing a largescale development of economic transformation and urban construction. The mining geoenvironmental (denoted as G-E) impact assessment is an essential study to control urban socioeconomic sustainable development. The assessment consists of two levels of contents, with first one being the assessment of the impact of mining activities on geo-environment and the second one being the assessment of the impact of urban construction on geo-environment. Firstly, assessment factors system were developed based on three geo-environmental elements (i.e. mining geo-environmental conditions, mining status and mining geo-environmental problems) and nine impact factors including landform, vegetation cover, engineering petrofabric, mine density, coal tilt angle, the ratio of mining depth and the thick of coal seam, the extent of the land resources damage, the extent of water resources damage and the strength of geological hazards. Then, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is utilized for assessing the mining geoenvironmental impact in the first level and the comprehensive index assessment model is employed for the second level assessment. Based on the assessment results the Hehan City was separated into severely affected area with 62.87 km2, less severely affected areas with 118.84 km2 and not severely affected areas with 175.99 km2, accounting for 17.6%, 33.2% and 79.2%, respectively, of the total area of the City. The conclusion obtained from this study can be used as an important basis for the comprehensive management of mining geo-environmental and integrated renovation in Heshan City.
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