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摘要: 人类活动对地下水流系统及其周围环境已经产生区域性影响,对区域性影响的预测需求促进了区域地下水流模型的重大发展。功能强大的计算机的普及、用户界面友好的模拟系统及GIS软件的广泛应用使得区域地下水流模拟呈指数增长。大尺度的地下水非稳定流模型已经用于分析区域水流系统、模拟水均衡各要素随时间的变化及优化地下水管理方案。本文简述了区域地下水流模拟的发展历史,介绍了美国死谷和澳大利亚大自流盆地两个大区域地下水流模型实例。此外,文中亦介绍了区域地下水流模拟的方法,讨论了区域地下水流模拟中遇到的特殊议题。 更多还原Abstract: Significant advances in regional groundwater flow modelling have been driven by the demand to predict regional impacts of human inferences on groundwater systems and associated environment.The wide availability of powerful computers,user friendly modelling systems and GIS stimulates an exponential growth of regional groundwater modelling.Large scale transient groundwater models have been built to analyse regional flow systems,to simulate water budget components changes,and to optimise groundwater development scenarios.This paper reviews the historical development of regional groundwater modelling.Examples of Death Valley and Great Artesian Basin transient groundwater models are introduced to show the application of large scale regional groundwater flow models.Methodologies specific for regional groundwater modelling are descried and special issues in regional groundwater modelling are discussed also.
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