Derivation of the formula of effective stress principle based on theory of adequate rising force
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摘要: 有效应力原理奠定了土力学的基础，具有十分重要的地位，而学术界对有效应力原理的推导过程争论较多。为揭示有效应力原理所蕴含的物理力学本质，阐明基本概念、澄清认识上的误区，以饱和土体为研究对象，通过“充分浮力作用”的概念，从一个新的角度推导了土体在自重和外载作用下有效应力原理公式的得出过程，分析了“忽略颗粒接触面积从而推得有效应力原理公式”这一公认方法的不妥之处；根据有效应力原理的本质，提出了一个关于饱和岩石、混凝土有效应力原理的简明修正方法，通过该修正方法得出的有效应力公式与前人的研究成果有较好的吻合。Abstract: The effective stress principle is the basic theory of soil mechanics. It is of an important status, but its derivation is debated among the scholars. In order to disclose the physical and mechanical essence of the effective stress principle, explain the basic concept, and clarify the incorrect comprehension, taking the saturated soil body as an analytical object, the equation of effective stress principle under gravity and uniformly distributed stress is deduced by using the “adequate rising force” method. It is analyzed that the common conception of “ignoring the solidphase contact area to deduce the effective stress equation” is unsuitable. According to the essence, a simple method is given to amend the effective stress equation in a saturated rock or concrete, and the amended equation is in accordance with the equations deduced by former researchers.
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