新疆西天山备战铁矿矿床地质特征与矿床成因
GeologicalCharacteristics and Ore Genesis of the Beizhan Iron Deposit in the Western Tianshan Mountains, Xinjiang
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摘要: 备战铁矿位于新疆西天山阿吾拉勒成矿带东段,赋存于石炭系大哈拉军山组中基性熔岩及火山碎屑岩中.矿体呈层状、似层状.矿石中的金属矿物以磁铁矿为主.其中,矿石结构包括半自形-他形粒状结构、交代残余结构、板条状结构、放射状结构等.基于磁铁矿的粒度和其颜色,磁铁矿又可分为2种类型.矿石构造主要有隐爆角砾状、贯入角砾状、斑杂状、致密块状、斑点状、条带状、网脉状和浸染状等类型.矿区内的蚀变矿物主要有透辉石、石榴石、阳起石、透闪石、绿帘石、绿泥石、电气石和碳酸盐等.根据对矿石组构、成因和产出特征的研究,备战铁矿的成矿期次可划分为隐爆-矿浆期(a)和隐爆-热液期(b)这两期,进一步可划分为磁铁矿-透辉石-石榴石(a1)、磁铁矿-阳起石-透闪石-石榴石-绿帘石-绿泥石(a2)、磁铁矿-石榴石-绿泥石(b1)、绿帘石-电气石-碳酸盐(b2)这4个成矿阶段.该铁矿床与其赋矿围岩大哈拉军山组中基性火山岩有密切的成因联系,属于火山岩型岩浆-热液复合矿床.Abstract: Situated in east Awulale metallogenic belt of West Tianshan, Beizhan iron deposit is hosted in the intermediate-basic lava and pyroclastic rocks of Carboniferous Dahalajunshan formation. Orebodies appear in stratiform and stratoid shapes. Main metallic mineral in the iron ore is magnetite. The ore textures consist of subhedral-anhedral grainular texture, metasomatic relict texture, lath texture and radial texture. On the basis of its size and color, magnetite can be divided into two categories. Ore structures mainly contain crypto explosive brecciated type, penetration brecciated type, taxitic type, dense massived type, spotted type, banded type, mesh-vein type, and disseminated type, etc. The major altered minerals include diopside, garnet, actinolite, tremolite, epidote, chlorite, tourmaline, carbonate, etc. Based on the study of ore fabric, genesis and its occurrence characteristics, the metallogenesis of Beizhan iron deposit can be divided into two stages as crypto explosive-pulp metallogenic period(a) and crypto explosive-hydrothermal period(b), which could be further subdivided into four stages including magnetite-diopside-garnet stage(a1), magnetite-actinolite-tremolite-garnet-epidote-chlorite stage (a2), magnetite-garnet-chlorite stage (b1), and epidote-tourmaline-carbonate stage (b2). This iron deposit has a close genetic relationship with its wall rocks(intermediate-basic volcanic rocks of Dahalajunshan Formation), and is a volcanogenic magmatic-hydrothermal compound deposit.
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