我国地热供暖的现状及展望
Status and Prospects of Geothermal Heating in China
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摘要: 地热资源作为一种重要的清洁能源,在治污降霾、改变能源结构、提倡生态文明的今天的作用日益凸显。我国大部分地区主要利用化石燃料供暖,污染较严重,供暖形势严峻。而利用地热能供暖是地热资源最直接的利用方式。我国利用地热供暖已有30多年的历史,在天津、咸阳等地利用地热供暖已经初具规模。但是受限于技术、成本等条件制约,地热供暖在我国总供暖面积中占的比例依然很小,而且在利用过程中浪费比较严重,利用地热供暖在我国还有很大的发展空间。目前,北方地区地热供暖以地热流体供暖为主,地源热泵供暖发展迅速,干热岩供暖虽然还处于实验阶段但是前景广阔。笔者在对地热流体、地源热泵、干热岩供暖的历史、现状及前景分析的基础上,提出了我国未来利用地热供暖思考及建议。Abstract: As an important kind of clean energy, the application of geothermal resources is becoming more and more widely in China, especially in the case of heating. Using geothermal resources to heating can reduce the pollution and help to change the energy structure. Most areas in China mainly use of fossil fuels for heating, but the pollution is serious and the heating situation is grim. But, the geothermal heating is the most direct using ways of geothermal resources.The history of using geothermal heating is more than 30 years in China, and the using of geothermal heating has begun to take shape in Tianjin and Xianyang. But it is limited by technical and cost constraints, the geothermal heating accounts for China's total heating area is still small. And the waste is serious in the process of using, so there is big development space for the using of geothermal heating in ourcountry. At present, the geothermal fluid heating(hot water heating) is the main heating way in China, the heating method of using ground-source heat pump is becoming popular. Although the hot dry rock heating is still in experimental stage, but it has a great spread future. After analyzing the history, current situation and prospects of geothermal fluid heating, ground-source heat pump method and hot dry rock heating, the suggestions for the future using of geothermal heating is proposed.
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Key words:
- geothermal energy /
- heating /
- geothermal fluid /
- ground source heat pump /
- hot dryrock
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