青海省祁连县山阴凹槽海相火山岩型锌铜矿床地球化学特征及其成因意义
Geochemistry and Genetic Significance of the Yin'aocao Marine Facies Volcanic Type Zn-Cu Deposits in Qilian Mountains, Qinghai Province
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摘要: 祁连县山阴凹槽锌铜矿是中国一个典型的铜多金属成矿区,但总体研究程度较低,目前尚未见到地球化学研究报道。笔者结合矿床地质探讨火山岩主微量元素、稀土元素特征,矿床硫-铅同位素组成与成因。成矿火山岩SiO2(46.96%~53.85%)、TiO2(0.90%~2.02%)质量分数较高,岩石以轻微富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、Ba、K)、相对亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Ti)和Eu轻微正异常、Ce轻微负异常为特征,具有岛弧拉斑玄武岩和N-MORB的双重地球化学特征。火山岩岩浆来源于被俯冲流体交代的亏损地幔,形成环境为弧后盆地扩张环境。锌铜矿化的诸多因素,包括物质来源、容矿围岩和矿液通道等都与火山岩有关,锌矿主要赋存于硅化大理岩中,铜矿主要赋存于大理岩与片理化玄武岩接触带。Abstract: The Yin'aocao Zn-Cu deposits are an important polymetallogenic area in Qilian Mountains, Qinghai Province. The previous work in this area is less. Combined with basic geological characteristics,the geochemical characteristics of the volcanic rocks and the S-Pb isotope of this deposit have been studied in this paper. The volcanic rocks from this deposit have high SiO2(6.96%~53.85%) and TiO2(0.90%~2.02%) contents,enriching large ion lithophile elements (Rb,Ba and K), with relatively loss of high field strength elements(Nb, Ta and Ti), positive Eu anomaly and negative Ce anomaly characteistics. These geochemical characteristics show the characteristics of and-arc tholeiite and N-MORB.The volcanic rock magma was derived from the depleted mantle and formed in the extension setting of arc back basin. The zinc and copper mineralization was caused by many geological factors related with volcanic rock, including material source, ore-bearing wall rocks and fluid channel. The zinc ore was mainly occurred in silicified maeble, while the copper mineralization was main; y occurred in the contact zone between marble and schistositized basalt.
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Key words:
- volcanic rock /
- Zn-Cu deposit /
- geochemistry /
- genetic significance /
- Yin'aocao /
- Qilian Mountains
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