Eruption Cycles and Petrochemical Features of Early Carboniferous Volcanic Rocks in Ejina Banner, Inner Mongolia
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摘要: 研究区位于珠斯楞-杭乌拉构造带。根据火山岩的分布与接触关系，以及后期侵入火山岩中花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年龄（333.5±3）Ma，可以判定该火山岩形成时代为早石炭世中期（大约为Mississippian世Visean阶），结合区域对比将其置于下石炭统白山组。笔者系统采集到16件火山岩样品，分析数据显示其均为钙碱性系列，中酸性火山岩。其微量元素蛛网图显示亏损高场强元素P、Ti、Ti、Nb、Y、Ta，富集Rb、Ba、Th、Sr等大离子亲石元素，稀土元素配分具有轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损的右倾型配分模式，暗示该火山岩形成于火山弧环境。按照由基性到酸性岩浆喷发旋回，结合喷发间歇宁静期，可以将早石炭世火山活动可划分为5个火山喷发旋回。该区早石炭世火山活动与哈萨克斯坦板块的汇聚拼贴有密切关系，塔里木板块北缘处于活动大陆边缘。Abstract: This study area is located in Zhusileng-Hangwula structure belt. Based on the distribution and contact relation of volcanic rocks and the zircon U-Pb age (333.5±3) Ma of granite in later intrusive rocks, it can be judged that these volcanic rocks were formed in middle stage of early Carboniferous (it's about Visea Stage of Mississippian Epoch); Combined with features of regional comparison and the above discussion, these volcanic rocks have been placed as the Lower Carboniferous Baishan Formation. In this paper, the sixteen samples of volcanic rock have been systematically collected, and the analysis date of these samples showed that they are Calc-alkaline series and medium-acid volcanic rocks. The trace elements spider diagram of these volcanic rocks indicates that the Carboniferous volcanic rocks are enriched in large-ion lithophile elements (such as Rb,Ba,Th,Sr) and depleted in high field strength elements (such as P, Ti, Nb, Y, Ta). The distribution of the rare-earth element has been divided into right-inclined distribution pattern, with the enrichment of light REE and the loss of heavy REE, showing that these volcanic rocks in the Baishan Formation were formed in the volcanic arc environment. According to magma eruption cycle from basic to acid and the erupting interval, the Early Carboniferous volcanic activity can be divided into five volcanic eruption cycles. This studying area is located at edge of the active continent during early Carboniferous period, and the intense volcanic eruptions are closely related to the convergence of the Kazakhstan plate.
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