Early Cretaceous Palynoflora in Zhangye National Geopark and Its Palaeoenvironmental Significance
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摘要: 早白垩世红山湾层是张掖国家地质公园彩色丘陵地貌的主体建造，长期缺乏可靠的生物地层和古生态与古环境研究。本次研究基于红山湾层新发现的22个属6个种的孢粉化石，建立了红山湾孢粉植物群。根据植物群特征，进一步探讨了早白垩世红山湾层沉积期古生态、古气候、古地理和沉积环境，认为红山湾层沉积早期气候干燥，植被单一，孢粉组合为Abietineaepollenites/Pinuspollenites；晚期孢粉组合为Cycadopites—Perinopollenites。两气囊花粉大量出现，反映气候温暖湿润，植物垂直分带明显。依据孢粉生态群模型，以红山湾为例定义了包括高地、低地、河流、先驱、海岸及潮汐6种SEG类型，初步构建了湖盆-周边陆地生态系统。Abstract: The Early cretaceous Hongshanwan formation is the main part of the colorful hilly landform of Zhangye National Geopark, but there lack some reliable studies on biostratigraphy, paleoecology and paleoenvironment for a long time. Based on the palynological fossils of 22 genera and 6 species newly discovered in Hongshanwan formation, the palynological flora in Hongshanwan area has been established in this paper. According to the flora characteristics, the paleoecology, paleoclimate, paleogeography and sedimentary environment of early cretaceous Hongshanwan formation has been further discussed. The results show that the Hongshanwan formation has dry climate and single vegetation in early stage, with sporopollen combination of Abietineaepollenites/Pinuspollenites. The late palynological assemblage is Cycadopites-Perinopollenites, with a large number of double balloon pollen, reflecting a warm and humid climate and obvious vertical zonation of plants. Based on the palynology model, six SEG types have been defined by taking the Hongshanwan as an example, such as highland, lowland, river, forerunner, coast and tide. And then, the terrestrial ecosystem around the lake basin has preliminarily constructed.
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