壳聚糖和PDMDAAC改性膨润土用于处理含油废水的研究

邵红; 刘相龙; 王大卫; 徐微雪

壳聚糖和PDMDAAC改性膨润土用于处理含油废水的研究

沈阳化工大学环境与安全工程学院, 辽宁沈阳 110142

基金项目: 国家科技重大专项"水体污染控制与治理"（2011ZX07530-02）

详细信息

作者简介: 邵红, 博士, 教授, 主要从事污染控制与资源化再利用方面的研究.E-mail: hj8983@163.com

通讯作者: 刘相龙, 硕士研究生, 环境工程专业.E-mail: westdragon_1@163.com

中图分类号: P619.255;P575.4;P575.5

收稿日期: 2013-09-26

录用日期: 2013-11-01

刊出日期: 2014-03-25

Study of Oil-bearing Wastewater Treatment by Chitosan-bentonite and PDMDAAC-bentonite

School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China

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Corresponding author: LIU Xiang-long, westdragon_1@163.com

Received Date: 26 September 2013

Accepted Date: 01 November 2013

Publish Date: 25 March 2014

摘要

摘要:
含油废水污染范围广，对人类和生态环境危害大。采用常规方法（如浮选法、絮凝法、电化学法、膜分离法和生物法）处理的除油率不高于91%，成本较高，因此急需开发一种高效低廉的吸附剂。膨润土是一种优良的吸附剂，但用其直接处理含油废水的效果较低。本文选用壳聚糖和PDMDAAC两种有机物作为改性剂，对钠基膨润土改性，使膨润土能有效地处理含油废水。通过实验比较了两种有机改性膨润土处理含油废水的最佳去除条件，探讨了表征对其吸附性能的影响。去油效果结果表明：壳聚糖改性膨润土的除油率可达87.8%，PDMDAAC改性膨润土的除油率可达89.3%，处理所需时间少于15 min；除油效率和处理时间都优于常规方法。吸附性能表征结果显示，两种改性剂均以负载的方式和钠基膨润土颗粒结合，吸附性能良好；相比而言，PDMDAAC改性膨润土的处理效果比壳聚糖改性膨润土更好。PDMDAAC应用于含油废水的处理，具有成本低、效率高、操作简单的特点，在含油废水处理领域具有较好的应用前景。
- 膨润土 /
- 壳聚糖 /
- 聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵 /
- 含油废水 /
- 红外光谱 /
- X射线衍射 /
- 扫描电镜
Abstract:
Oil-bearing wastewater pollution has noxious effects on human health and the ecological environment. Oil-bearing wastewater treatments are less efficient by traditional methods (flotation method, flocculation technology, electrochemistry method, membrane separation and biological method) which yield than 91% recovery. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new kind of high efficiency and cheap adsorbent. Bentonite is an excellent adsorbent, but the effect to oil-bearing wastewater treatment could be improved significantly. The main purpose of this study is to prepare a high efficient modified bentonite for oil-bearing wastewater treatment. Chitosan and PDMDAAC as modifiers were used respectively to prepare a series of cationic polymer modified bentonite. The optimal conditions and properties for modified bentonite to adsorb oil in oil-bearing wastewater were investigated and compared. Experimental results show that removing rates were improved to 87.8% and 89.3% by using chitosan-bentonite and PDMDAAC-bentonite, respectively. The processing time is shorter than 15 min. Compared with the traditional method, the new method is less time-consuming and has a higher efficiency. With Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), the results show that chitosan and PDMDAAC is coated as Na⁺-bentonite. Comparisons of adsorption performance show that PDMDAAC-bentonite is an improvement on chitosan-bentonite. PDMDAAC-bentonite has high efficiency, low cost and is easy to operate, and can be used in wastewater treatment extensively.
- bentonite /
- chitosan /
- PDMDAAC /
- oily wastewater /
- Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrosocopy /
- X-ray Diffraction /
- Scanning Electron Microscope

HTML全文

图 1 改性剂添加量对除油率的影响

Figure 1.

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图 2 搅拌时间对除油率的影响

Figure 2.

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图 3 搅拌速度对除油率的影响

Figure 3.

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图 4 膨润土投加量对除油率的影响

Figure 4.

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图 5 pH值对除油率的影响

Figure 5.

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图 6 三种膨润土的红外光谱

Figure 6.

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图 7 三种膨润土的X射线衍射图谱

Figure 7.

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图 8 原土和改性膨润土的扫描电镜图像

Figure 8.

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壳聚糖和PDMDAAC改性膨润土用于处理含油废水的研究

沈阳化工大学环境与安全工程学院, 辽宁 沈阳 110142

作者简介: 邵红, 博士, 教授, 主要从事污染控制与资源化再利用方面的研究.E-mail: hj8983@163.com

通讯作者: 刘相龙, 硕士研究生, 环境工程专业.E-mail: westdragon_1@163.com

Study of Oil-bearing Wastewater Treatment by Chitosan-bentonite and PDMDAAC-bentonite

School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China

Corresponding author: LIU Xiang-long, westdragon_1@163.com

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沈阳化工大学环境与安全工程学院, 辽宁沈阳 110142