铼-锇同位素定年方法及分析测试技术的进展
A Review on the Development of Re-Os Isotopic Dating Methods and Techniques
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摘要: 铼-锇同位素定年已经成为矿床学乃至于地质学领域最重要的定年技术之一。文章简略地回顾了铼-锇同位素体系技术方法的发展过程；介绍了准确测定187Re衰变常数的发展历史，铼-锇同位素定年和同位素示踪的基本原理，铼与锇的基本化学性质、在自然界的分布、地球化学行为、赋存状态和样品采集应注意的问题。结合作者实验室10余年的铼-锇同位素体系分析经验，较系统地总结了常用的样品分解和化学分离方法；介绍了负离子热表面电离质谱和电感耦合等离子体质谱测定铼、锇同位素的方法原理、特点和应注意的技术细节，以及近年来用于准确测定锇稀释剂的锇标准参考物质的选择、化学组分测定和铼-锇标准参考物质的研究进展。
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关键词:
- 铼-锇同位素体系； /
- Carius管； /
- 负离子热电离质谱法； /
- 等离子体质谱法
Abstract: A review on the development of Re-Os isotopic dating methods and techniques are presented in this paper. The authors briefly introduce the development history of the Re-Os isotope dating system and the focuses are put on the principles of Re-Os dating and isotope tracing techniques, basic chemical properties, distribution in nature, geochemical behaviors, modes of occurrence of Re and Os, as well as the problems in geological sampling. Combined with the over 10 year experience in the research on Re-Os isotopic dating system in author's laboratory, sample digestion methods, separation and enrichment techniques for Re and Os, along with the principles of Re-Os isotope ratio measurement by N-TIMS and ICP-MS instruments are also systematically described. Furthermore, the recent progress in research on standard isotope tracers and Re-Os standard reference materials are also introduced. -
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