Abstract: This study investigates the bauxite resources of the Permian Liangshan Formation in northeastern Yunnan Province through detailed lithofacies paleogeography research based on outcrop and drill observations. Utilizing petrological, paleontological, element geochemical, and laboratory analyses, the sedimentary facies are classified into backshore, coastal swamp, foreshore, and nearshore facies. Lithofacies and paleogeography studies show that, during the early Middle Permian, extensive karstification of the carbonate basement lead to negative landforms such as karst depressions and funnels in the area of Yaoshan in Qiaojia–Taiyangba in Daguan–Zhongming in Yiliang, providing ideal accumulation space for ore-bearing rock series. The area was dominated by a low-energy coastal swamp environment occasionally subjected to wave action. During the Permian, the Yangtze Block was generally located in the low latitudes near the equator, and the suitable hot and humid climate facilitated fresh water leaching, including rain, leading to the accumulation and mineralization of aluminaceous materials. From a regional perspective, the South Chongqing–North Guizhou area and the northeastern Yunnan area belong to the coastal swamp facies belt, and the northeastern Yunnan area is expected to become another bauxite-rich area of the Liangshan Formation, comparable to the Wuchuan–Zheng'an–Daozhen bauxite area.