Relationships between thermal structure characteristics and mineralization of the Xiangshan uranium ore field:A case study of the Zoujiashan deposit
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摘要: 相山矿田是我国最大的火山岩型铀矿田,区内铀矿资源丰富,地热地质条件较好,但区内热结构及成矿特征研究程度较低。为有效解决这一问题,以矿田西部邹家山超大型铀矿床为典型区,综合地热地质、地温测井、地球物理勘探、探采对比、取样测试等成果,系统研究了矿田热结构特征,建立了热结构模型,分析了成热与成矿的关系。结果表明:研究区热结构属“热幔冷壳”型,符合中国东部地区热结构特征,较高的地壳热流与铀源体及铀矿体密切相关,放射性核素衰变产热是地壳热流主要来源;热异常受断裂构造控制明显,热源与铀源具有较强一致性,地温梯度异常是区内找矿标志之一,4 ℃/100 m为矿床定位标志,地温梯度变化幅度可作富大矿体的定位标志。本次研究为该区地热地质及成矿地质研究提供了有效技术支撑。Abstract: The Xiangshan ore field is the largest volcanogenic uranium ore field in China with abundant uranium resources and favorable geothermal geological conditions. However, few studies have been conducted on its thermal structure and mineralization characteristics,In order to solve this problem effectively. Taking the Zoujiashan super-large uranium deposit in the west of the ore field as a typical area, this study systematically investigated the thermal structure characteristics of the ore field, established the thermal structure model, and analyzed the relationships between heat generation and mineralization. The results are as follows. The thermal structure in the study area is of the hot-mantle and cold-crust type, which is in line with the characteristics of thermal structures in eastern China. The higher crustal heat flow in the area is closely related to the uranium source and uranium ore bodies, and the decay heat generation of radionuclides is the main source of the crustal heat flow. The thermal anomalies in the area are obviously controlled by faults, and the heat source is highly consistent with the uranium source. The geothermal gradient anomalies are one of the prospecting criteria of the area. Moreover, 4 ℃/100 m is the positioning marker of deposits, and the variation amplitude of geothermal gradients can be used as the positioning marker of rich and large ore bodies. This study provides effective technical support for the study of geothermal geology and metallogenic geology in this area.
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