Characteristics and risk assessment of the heavy metals in stream sediments of Heze City
-
摘要: 为探讨南水北调东线重要汇水区菏泽市水系沉积物重金属特征、污染来源及环境风险,采集了菏泽市3个主要流域25个点位的水系沉积物进行6种重金属(Cu、Zn、Ni、Cr、Cd、Pb)含量分析,并利用污染负荷指数法、潜在生态风险指数法和对数回归模型法进行风险评估,利用相关性和主成分分析判别重金属污染来源。结果表明,研究区各流域水系沉积物重金属含量普遍高于背景值,所有点位Ni、Cd含量均超背景值,其中Cd有40%点位超3倍背景值。各流域水系沉积物重金属含量分布不均,6种重金属极大值均出现在洙赵新河流域,其污染负荷指数(PLI)、潜在生态风险指数(RI)、毒性比值(Y)分别为1.62、123和0.367,均高于其余两流域,属于中度污染,具有较强生态风险,可能对水生生物造成危害。主成分分析表明造成研究区内6种重金属富集的主要来源是工业园区内石油炼制及相关化工企业。Abstract: This study aims to investigate the characteristics, pollution sources, and ecological risks of heavy metals in the stream sediments in Heze City, which is an important catchment area in the east route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project. To this end, stream sediment samples were collected from 25 sites of three major river basins in Heze City, and the contents of Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Cd, and Pb in the samples were analyzed. Moreover, this study assessed the ecological risks of these heavy metal elements using the pollution load index (PLI), potential ecological risk index (RI), and logarithmic regression model and determined the pollution sources of these heavy metal elements through correlation and principal component analysis. The results are as follows. The contents of the six heavy metal elements in the stream sediment samples were generally higher than their background values. The Ni and Cd contents at all investigated sites exceeded their background values, especially the Cd content at 40% of the investigated sites, which was more than three times the background value. The heavy metals in the stream sediments of the three river basins are unevenly distributed. The maximum values of the six heavy metals all originated from the samples of the Zhuzhaoxin River basin, of which the PLI, RI, and toxicity ratio Y were 1.67, 123 and 0.367, respectively. These values were higher than those of the other two basins, indicating that the heavy metals in sediments of the Zhuzhaoxin River basin reach moderate pollution and have high ecological risks and potential harm to aquatic organisms. The principal component analysis shows that the petroleum refining and related chemical enterprises in industrial parks are the main contributors to the enrichment of the six heavy metal elements.
-
Key words:
- stream sediment /
- heavy metal /
- risk assessment
-
-
[1] Luoma S N. Bioavailability of trace metals to aquatic organisms—A review[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 1983, 28(1):1-22.
[2] Sturm T W. Mobilization and fate of inorganic contaminants due to resuspension of cohesive sediments[J]. International Journal of Urology, 1996, 13(5):659-661.
[3] Zhung Y, Allen H E, Fu G. Effect of aeration of sediment on cadmium binding[J]. Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry, 2010, 13(5):717-724.
[4] 王书锦, 刘云根, 王妍, 等. 洱海入湖河口湿地干湿季沉积物氮、磷、有机质垂向分布特征及污染风险差异性[J]. 环境科学, 2016, 37(12):4615-4625.
[5] Wang S J, Liu Y G, Wang Y, et al. Vertical distribution and pollution risk assessment of nitrogen,phosphorus,and organic matter in sediment of inflowing rivers of Erhai Lake estuarine wetland in wet and dry seasons[J]. Environmental Science, 2016, 37(12):4615-4625.
[6] 王莉君, 吴思麟. 南京黑臭河道底泥污染特性及评价[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2018, 18(3):117-122.
[7] Wang L J, Wu S L. Pollution characteristics and contamination assessment of sediment from black-odor rivers in Nanjing City[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2018, 18(3):117-122.
[8] 易文利. 宝鸡千河底泥营养盐及重金属风险评价[J]. 四川环境, 2018, 37(2):151-155.
[9] Yi W L. Risk assessment of heavy metals and nutrients in sediments of the Qianhe River in Baoji[J]. Sichuan Environment, 2018, 37(2):151-155.
[10] 邬明鹏. 聚苯并噁嗪界面性质的调控及其对水中重金属离子Cr(Ⅵ)的脱除性能研究[D]. 武汉: 华中农业大学, 2018.
[11] Wu M P. Regulation of interfacial properties of polybenzoxazine for removing heavy metal ion Cr(VI) from aqueous solution[D]. Wuhan: Huazhong Agricultural University, 2018.
[12] Tomlinson D L, Wilson J G, Harris C R, et al. Problems in the assessment of heavy metal levels in estuaries and the formation of a pollution index[J]. Helgoländer Meeresunters, 1980(33):566-575.
[13] 中国环境监测总站. 中国土壤元素背景值[M]. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 1990:94-172.
[14] China National Eenvironmental Monitoring Center. Background values of soil elements in China[M]. Beijing: China Environmental Science Press, 1990:94-172.
[15] 贾英, 方明, 吴友军, 等. 上海河流沉积物重金属的污染特征与潜在生态风险[J]. 中国环境科学, 2013, 33(1):147-153.
[16] Jia Y, Fang M, Wu Y J, et al. Pollution characteristics and potential ecological risk of heavy metals in river sediments of Shanghai[J]. China Environmental Science, 2013, 33(1):147-153.
[17] 徐争启, 倪师军, 庹先国, 等. 潜在生态危害指数法评价中重金属毒性系数计算[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2008, 31(2):112-115.
[18] Xu Z Q, Ni S J, Tuo X G, et al. Calculation of heavy metals’ toxicity coefficient in the evaluation of potential ecological risk index[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2008, 31(2):112-115.
[19] 马建华, 韩昌序, 姜玉玲. 潜在生态风险指数法应用中的一些问题[J]. 地理研究, 2020, 39(6):1233-1241.
[20] Ma J H, Han C X, Jiang Y L. Some problems in the application of potential ecological risk index[J]. Geographical Research, 2020, 39(6):1233-1241.
[21] Field L J, MacDonald D D, Norton S B, et al. Evaluating sediment chemistry and toxicity data using logistic regression modeling[J]. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 1999, 18(6):1311-1322.
[22] 丁婷婷, 杜士林, 王宏亮, 等. 嘉兴市河网重金属的污染特征及生态风险评价[J]. 环境化学, 2020, 39(2):500-511.
[23] Ding T T, Du S L, Wang H L, et al. Pollution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in Jiaxing River Network,Zhejiang Province,China[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2020, 39(2):500-511.
[24] 王向辉, 张艺杰, 刘又华, 等. 海口市五源河底泥分析评价及资源化利用研究[J]. 海南师范大学学报:自然科学版, 2019, 32(2):221-226.
[25] Wang X H, Zhang Y J, Liu Y H, et al. Analysis,evaluation and resource utilization of sediments in Wuyuan River of Haikou City[J]. Journal of Hainan Normal University:Natural Science, 2019, 32(2):221-226.
[26] 余永琪, 冯松宝. 宿州新汴河底泥重金属分布特征及污染评价[J]. 西部资源, 2018(3):123-124,126.
[27] Yu Y Q, Feng S B. Distribution characteristics and pollution assessment of heavy metals in sediments from Xinbian River in Suzhou City[J]. Western Resources, 2018(3):123-124,126.
[28] 王冬莹, 庄涛, 李迎霞, 等. 济南市东泺河底泥及其雨水汇水区地表灰尘中重金属的污染特征研究[J]. 安全与环境学报, 2018, 18(4):1586-1592.
[29] Wang D Y, Zhuang T, Li Y X, et al. Heavy metal pollution features in the sediment and surface dust of the rain-water catchment area of Dongluo river in Jinan City[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment, 2018, 18(4):1586-1592.
[30] 石先罗, 章卫. 赣江南昌段沉积物重金属空间分布特征及风险评价[J]. 水利科技与经济, 2017, 23(9):1-5.
[31] Shi X L, Zhang W. Distribution characteristics and potential ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in the Nanchang section of Ganjiang River[J]. Water Conservancy Science and Technology and Economy, 2017, 23(9):1-5.
[32] 盛维康, 侯青叶, 杨忠芳, 等. 湘江水系沉积物重金属元素分布特征及风险评价[J]. 中国环境科学, 2019, 39(5):2230-2240.
[33] Sheng W K, Hou Q Y, Yang Z F, et al. Distribution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in sediments from Xiang River[J]. China Environmental Science, 2019, 39(5):2230-2240.
[34] 张伯镇, 雷沛, 潘延安, 等. 重庆主城区次级河流表层沉积物重金属污染特征及风险评价[J]. 环境科学学报, 2015, 35(7):2185-2192.
[35] Zhang B Z, Lei P, Pan Y A, et al. Pollution and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in the surface sediments from the tributaries in the main urban districts,Chongqing City[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2015, 35(7):2185-2192.
[36] 刘薇. 石油化工园区土壤土壤重金属空间分布特征、源解析及污染评价[D]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆大学, 2017.
[37] Liu W. Spatial distribution characteristics,source analysis and pollution evaluation of heavy metals in soil of petrochemical[D]. Urumqi: Xinjiang University, 2017.
[38] 徐争启, 倪师军, 张成江, 等. 应用污染负荷指数法评价攀枝花地区金沙江水系沉积物中的重金属[J]. 四川环境, 2004, 23(3):64-67.
[39] Xu Z Q, Ni S J, Zhang C J, et al. Assessment of heavy metals in sediments from Jinsha River in Panzhihua area by pollution load index[J]. Sichuan Environment, 2004, 23(3):64-67.
-
计量
- 文章访问数: 282
- PDF下载数: 50
- 施引文献: 0
下载: