摘要:
以1∶50 000~1∶2 000的土地质量地球化学调查数据为基础,依据《天然富硒土地划定与标识》(DZ/T 0380—2021)要求,评价划定青海省海东市平安区三合镇土壤硒含量分级、环境质量、肥力质量和灌溉水水质等级。结果表明,三合镇土壤属碱性;土壤Se含量处于(0.093~1.938)×10-6,均值为0.425 ×10-6;土壤中Cd、Hg、Pb和Cr含量均未超过农用地土壤污染风险筛选值,研究区南部局部土壤中As含量大于筛选值;灌溉水水质达到《绿色食品产地环境质量》(NY/T 391—2013)标准,土壤肥力呈现有效磷、速效钾丰富,氮和有机质一般的水平。综合上述评价,划定集中连片天然绿色富硒土地40.46 km2,主要分布在张其寨、骆驼堡、西村、东村、祁新庄和三合6个村庄,其中可直接利用的耕地4.76 km2,占天然富硒土地的12 %;潜在可利用的草地7.84 km2、林地27.86 km2,共占天然富硒土地的88%。结合富硒产业规划和当地实际,提出在耕地区发展富硒特色种植业,在林草地区利用天然富硒饲草料发展富硒畜牧业的建议。
Abstract:
Based on the 1∶50 000~1∶2 000 land quality geochemical survey data and the requirements of the Delimitation and the Logo for Natural Selenium-enriched Land (DZ/T 0380—2021), this study evaluated the selenium (Se) content, environmental quality, fertility quality, and irrigation water quality of soil in Sanhe Town, Ping'an District, Haidong City, Qinghai Province. The evaluation results show that: (1) The soil in Sanhe Town was alkaline; (2) The soil Se content ranged from 0.093×10-6 to 1.938×10-6, averaging 0.425×10-6; (3) The Cd, Hg, Pb, and Cr contents in the soil were all below the risk screening values of soil for agricultural land, while the As content in the soil in the southern portion of the study area was higher than its risk screening value; (4) The quality of irrigation water met the standard specified in the Green Food-Environmental Quality for Production Area (NY/T 391—2013), and the soil fertility was characterized by rich available phosphorus and potassium, and moderate nitrogen and organic matter. Based on the above evaluation results, this study delimited contiguous natural green Se-rich land of 40.46 km2, including 12% directly usable arable land (4.76 km2), and 88% potentially usable grassland (7.84 km2) and forest land (27.86 km2). They are distributed primarily in six villages, including Zhangqizhai, Luotuobao, Xicun, Dongcun, Qixinzhuang, and Sanhe villages. Considering the Se-rich industry planning and local conditions, this study proposed developing Se-rich planting in arable land and Se-rich animal husbandry by utilizing natural Se-rich forage in forest land and grassland.
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