Influence of Carboniferous–Permian magmatic activities on thermal evolution of hydrocarbon source rocks in Tarim Basin
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摘要:
研究目的 地层温度史决定了烃源岩有机质成熟度演化和生排烃过程。除盆地热流史演化和沉积埋藏过程之外，岩浆活动等异常热事件对地层温度史的影响不容忽视，对其研究有利于了解有机质的成熟过程。
研究方法 本文基于塔里木油田勘探开发相关成果，通过数值模拟方式计算了侵入体时空影响范围和强度，结合钻井模拟，讨论了岩浆侵入作用对地层温度和烃源岩热演化的影响。
研究结果 塔里木盆地台盆区中西部地区多口钻井中石炭纪—二叠系实测镜质体反射率值出现与火成岩相关的异常高值，为晚石炭世—二叠纪时期岩浆活动的记录。单井热史模拟结果显示了岩浆活动对盆地古生界烃源岩层的烘烤加热作用，有机质成熟度热演化过程促进，快速进入高—过成熟阶段。
结论 岩浆异常热事件有利于增大烃源岩生烃强度，使其相对产烃率达到最高，有机质得以快速成熟。
Abstract:This paper is the result of oil and gas exploration engineering.
Objective The formation temperature history is a pivotal determinant in the maturity evolution of organic matter and the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process within hydrocarbon source rocks. This history is shaped not only by the evolution of basin heat flow and the sedimentary and burial processes but also significantly influenced by anomalous heat events, such as magmatic activity, which must be considered. Investigating these factors is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of the organic matter maturation process.
Methods This study leverages the exploration and development insights from the Tarim Oilfield to examine the impact of magmatic intrusions on formation temperature and the thermal evolution of hydrocarbon source rocks. We employ numerical simulation and drilling data to discuss these influences and calculate the spatial and temporal extent and intensity of the intrusions.
Results Based on measured vitrinite reflectance data (Ro) from several wells in the Carboniferous–Permian strata of the central and western Tarim Basin, reveal abnormally high values associated with igneous rocks. These high values are indicative of magmatic activity during the late Carboniferous–Permian period. Thermal history modeling of the wells indicates that magmatic activity heated the Paleozoic hydrocarbon source rocks, accelerating the thermal evolution and maturity of the organic matter, leading to a swift transition into the high−over−maturation stage.
Conclusions Anomalous magmatic thermal events play a beneficial role in enhancing the hydrocarbon generation intensity of hydrocarbon source rocks, achieving the highest relative hydrocarbon production rates, and facilitating the rapid maturation of organic matter.
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图 1 塔里木盆地火成岩残余分布（据杨树锋等, 2014修改）
Figure 1.
表 1 塔里木盆地典型研究钻井Ro值
Table 1. Ro values of research wells in Tarim Basin
井号 深度/m 层位 Ro/% 岩性 井号 深度/m 层位 Ro/% 岩性 Sh1 3177 T1k 0.68 泥岩 TC1 3283 P 0.62 泥岩 Sh1 3198 T1k 0.7 泥岩 TC1 3556 P 0.63 泥岩 Sh1 3239 T1k 0.78 泥岩 TC1 4049 P 1.03 泥岩 Sh1 3252 T1k 0.8 泥岩 TC1 4135 C 1.05 泥岩 Sh1 3613 P1kk 1.7 英安质凝灰熔岩 TC1 4242 C 0.97 泥岩 Sh1 3992 C2x 0.99 灰泥岩 TC1 4339 C 0.83 泥岩 Sh1 4124 C1kl 0.97 细砂岩 TC1 4356 C 0.83 泥岩 Sh1 4223 C1kl 1.07 细砂岩 TC1 4442 C 0.89 泥岩 Sh1 4836 D3k 1.32 泥质粉砂岩 Z1 2658 T 0.6 泥岩 H4 954 P 0.41 泥岩 Z1 2764 T 0.66 泥岩 H4 1058 P 0.48 泥岩 Z1 2808 T 0.62 泥岩 H4 1061 P 0.51 泥岩 Z1 3784 P 1 泥岩 H4 1070 P 0.52 泥岩 Z1 3880 P 0.93 泥岩 H4 1240 C 0.96 泥岩 Z1 4035 C1kl 1.03 泥岩 H4 1243 C 0.96 泥岩 Z1 4066 C1kl 1.04 黑色泥岩 H4 1244 C 0.98 粉砂质泥岩 Z1 4093 C1kl 1.06 黑色碳质泥岩 H4 1260 C 1 泥岩 Z1 4142 C1kl 1.09 灰色泥岩 H4 1264 C 0.97 泥质粉砂岩 Z1 4210 C1b 1.09 粉砂质泥岩 H4 1285 C 0.76 泥岩 Z1 4270 C1b 1.06 泥岩 H4 1312 C 0.74 泥岩 Sh2 3180 T 0.55 泥岩 H4 1340 C 0.75 泥岩 Sh2 3620 T 0.62 泥岩 H4 1542 C 0.8 泥质粉砂岩 Sh2 4326 P 0.81 泥岩 H4 1544 C 0.8 泥质粉砂岩 Sh2 4446 P 0.83 泥岩 H4 1570 C 0.81 泥岩 Sh2 4520 C2x 0.97 泥岩 H4 1653 C 0.8 灰质泥岩 Sh2 4700 C1-2kl 1.04 泥灰岩 H4 1815 D 0.83 粉砂质泥岩 Sh2 5240 D1-2 1.01 泥岩 H4 1818 D 0.83 粉砂质泥岩 Sh2 5698 S1t 1.07 含粉砂泥岩 H4 1820 D 0.84 粉砂质泥岩 Sh2 5722 S1t 1.14 泥岩 TC1 2680 T 0.56 泥岩 Sh2 5806 S1t 1.15 浅绿色泥岩 TC1 2844 T 0.57 泥岩 Sh2 5951 S1t 1.19 深灰色泥岩 TC1 3128 P 0.61 泥岩 Sh2 6051 S1t 1.23 深灰色泥岩 
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