半干旱区流域尺度植被依赖地下水程度评价：以鄂尔多斯高原海流兔河流域为例

董佳秋; 张俊; 顾小凡; 高海波; 杨波; 杨晓东; 赵春光; 张铁钢; 尹立河; 王晓勇

doi:10.12029/gc20220526002

半干旱区流域尺度植被依赖地下水程度评价：以鄂尔多斯高原海流兔河流域为例

1.
中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心, 陕西西安710054

2.
中国地质调查局干旱半干旱区地下水与生态重点实验室, 陕西西安710054

3.
乌审旗水利局, 内蒙古鄂尔多斯 017000

4.
鄂尔多斯市水利事业发展中心, 内蒙古鄂尔多斯 017000

5.
鄂尔多斯市水旱灾害防御技术中心, 内蒙古鄂尔多斯 017000

6.
水利部牧区水利科学研究所, 内蒙古呼和浩特 010000

基金项目: 内蒙古自治区科技计划（2021GG0198）、陕西省创新能力支持计划（2019TD−040）、国家自然科学基金项目（41877199）、陕西省重点研发计划（2021ZDLSF05−01，2022SF−327）及中国地质调查局项目（DD20190351，DD20221751）联合资助。

详细信息

作者简介: 董佳秋，女，1984年生，高级工程师，主要从事生态水文地质研究；E-mail：djiaqiu@mail.cgs.gov.cn

通讯作者: 张俊，男，1982年生，博士，高级工程师，主要从事生态水文地质研究；E-mail：zjun@mail.cgs.gov.cn。

中图分类号: P641；Q948

收稿日期: 2022-05-26

修回日期: 2022-07-22

刊出日期: 2024-11-25

Groundwater dependent ecosystems assessment in catchment scale of semi−arid regions: A case study in the Hailiutu catchment of the Ordos Plateau

1.
Xi’an Center of China Geological Survey, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China

2.
Key Laboratory of Groundwater and Ecology in Arid Regions of China Geological Survey, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China

3.
Wushen Water Conservancy Bureau, Ordos 017000, Inner Mongolia, China

4.
Ordos Water Conservancy Development Center, Ordos 017000, Inner Mongolia, China

5.
Ordos Flood and Drought Disaster Prevention Technology Center, Ordos 017000, Inner Mongolia, China

6.
Institute of Pastoral Water Resources, Ministry of Water Resources, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia, China

Fund Project: Supported by Science and Technology Program of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (No.2021GG0198), Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi (No.2019TD−040), Natural National Science Foundation (No.41877199), Shaanxi Key Research and Development Program (No.2021ZDLSF05−01, No.2022SF−327) and China Geological Survey (No.DD20190351, No.DD20221751).

More Information

Author Bio: DONG Jiaqiu, female, born in 1984, senior engineer, mainly engaged in eco−hydrogeological survey and research in arid regions; E-mail: djiaqiu@mail.cgs.gov.cn .

Corresponding author: ZHANG Jun, male, born in 1982, Ph.D, senior engineer, mainly engaged in eco−hydrogeological survey and research in arid regions; E-mail: zjun@mail.cgs.gov.cn.

Received Date: 26 May 2022

Revised Date: 22 July 2022

Publish Date: 25 November 2024

摘要

摘要: 研究目的
综合利用地表、地下信息，探索建立适用于半干旱区流域尺度植被依赖地下水程度评价的新方法，以期为干旱区地下水合理开发利用与生态保护修复提供技术支撑。
研究方法
以黄河流域中游鄂尔多斯高原海流兔河流域为研究区，选取地下水位埋深、土壤类型、干旱期蒸散发、植被覆盖度等涵盖水、土、气、生4个圈层的评价指标，以野外数据采集和遥感解译为主要手段，获取以上指标的空间分布，最后在GIS平台中采用综合评价的方法确定依赖地下水生态系统的分布及依赖程度分级。
研究结果
评价结果表明，依赖地下水程度非常高和高的植被分布面积占流域总面积的10.2%。尽管依赖地下水植被生态系统在整个流域占比不高，但由于地下水提供了比降水更加稳定的供水水源，该地区的生物多样性与生物量远高于其他地区，具有极其重要的生态价值。
结论
通过场地尺度地下水依赖程度的对比，该方法评价的结果是可靠的，在其他的半干旱区也具有一定的适用性；指标灵敏度分析表明，土壤类型与地下水位埋深是最敏感的指标，因此在野外调查时应加强这两类指标的数据采集。
- 地下水依赖型生态系统 /
- 评价 /
- 半干旱 /
- 植被 /
- 生态 /
- 水文地质调查工程 /
- 海流兔河流域 /
- 鄂尔多斯高原 /
- 内蒙古
Abstract:
This paper is the result of hydrogeological survey engineering.
Objective
A new evaluation method for catchment scale dependent groundwater ecosystem in semi-arid region was established. The method will include both surface and sub−surface information and provides a technical support to groundwater resources development and ecosystem protection in semi−arid areas.
Methods
Taking the Hailiutu catchment in the Ordos Plateau as the study area. Four indicators including depth to water table, soil types, vegetation coverage and evapotranspiration were selected and the spatial distributions of these indicators were determined based on field survey and remote sensing interpretation. Finally, a systematic assessment was performed in a GIS platform to identify the distribution of GDE and the degree of dependency.
Results
The results indicate that the areas very high and high dependent on groundwater accounts for 10.2%. Although the areas are small, biodiversity and bio-mass in such place are much higher with high ecological value than the that of others due to the contribution of groundwater to vegetation growth.
Conclusions
Based on the comparison between this study and site studies, the results have a good agreement and are reliable, indicating that the proposed method is applicable to other similar regions. The sensitivity analysis shows that the most sensitive parameters are soil types and depth to water table that should be paid more attention during data collection in field works.
- groundwater−dependent ecosystems (GDEs) /
- assessment method /
- semi−arid /
- vegetation /
- ecology /
- hydrogeological survey engineering /
- Hailiutu catchment /
- Ordos Plateau /
- Inner Mongolia

HTML全文

图 1 研究区地理位置图

Figure 1.

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图 2 海流兔河流域水位埋深等级分区图

Figure 2.

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图 3 海流兔河流域土壤类型等级分区图

Figure 3.

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图 4 海流兔河流域植被覆盖度等级分区图

Figure 4.

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图 5 海流兔河流域蒸散发等级分区图

Figure 5.

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图 6 海流兔河流域植被对地下水依赖程度分区图

Figure 6.

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图 7 评价敏感性分析结果

Figure 7.

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图 8 各指标图层评价敏感性分析结果

Figure 8.

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表 1 依赖地下水植被（GDEs）评价指标及其量化分级

Table 1. Indices and their classification of groundwater dependent ecosystems assessments

依赖程度分级评价指标	非常低	低	中等	高	非常高	备注
依赖程度分级评价指标	Ⅰ（1分）	Ⅱ（2分）	Ⅲ（3分）	Ⅳ（4分）	Ⅴ（5分）	评分标准按5级分类
水位埋深/m	>15 m	10~15 m	5~10 m	2~5 m	<2 m	依据常见水位埋深分区，结合植被与地下水位关系确定
土壤类型	1	2	3	4	5	根据土壤中砂质和黏质含量的高低，将土壤按持水能力由低到高划分
植被覆盖度/%	<10%	10%~30%	30%~45%	45%~60%	>60%	依据常用植被覆盖度划分标准
蒸散发ET/（mm/d）	<1.2	1.2~2.1	2.1~3.0	3.0~4.9	>4.9	根据数据统计特征，按照自然断点法（Natural Breaks- Jenks）划分

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表 2 植被对地下水依赖程度综合指数评价等级划分

Table 2. Index classification of comprehensive groundwater dependent ecosystems assessments

评价指数	依赖程度分级
评价指数	Ⅰ（非常低）	Ⅱ（低）	Ⅲ（中等）	Ⅳ（高）	Ⅴ（非常高）
R	R≤1.75	1.75<R≤2.5	2.5<R≤3.25	3.25<R≤4.0	R>4.0

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表 3 研究区土壤类型分级

Table 3. Classification of soil type in the study area

等级	赋值评分	主要土壤类型
Ⅰ（非常低）	1	侵蚀黄沙土、固定半固定风沙土、沙质草甸风沙土、多砾绵沙土等
Ⅱ（低）	2	黄绵土、绵沙土、轻沙泥田等
Ⅲ（中等）	3	沙化栗钙土、变质栗钙土、料姜硬红土等
Ⅳ（高）	4	侵蚀黄土、沙黑炉土、沙盖红黄土等
Ⅴ（非常高）	5	沙潮土、沙质沼泽土、轻度马尿盐化草甸土、夹沙壤质灰淤土等

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中国地质调查局中国地质科学院	主办
科学出版社	出版

半干旱区流域尺度植被依赖地下水程度评价：以鄂尔多斯高原海流兔河流域为例

作者简介: 董佳秋，女，1984年生，高级工程师，主要从事生态水文地质研究；E-mail：djiaqiu@mail.cgs.gov.cn

通讯作者: 张俊，男，1982年生，博士，高级工程师，主要从事生态水文地质研究；E-mail：zjun@mail.cgs.gov.cn。

Groundwater dependent ecosystems assessment in catchment scale of semi−arid regions: A case study in the Hailiutu catchment of the Ordos Plateau

Author Bio: DONG Jiaqiu, female, born in 1984, senior engineer, mainly engaged in eco−hydrogeological survey and research in arid regions; E-mail: djiaqiu@mail.cgs.gov.cn .

Corresponding author: ZHANG Jun, male, born in 1982, Ph.D, senior engineer, mainly engaged in eco−hydrogeological survey and research in arid regions; E-mail: zjun@mail.cgs.gov.cn.

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