Age and petrogeochemistry of ore-forming granites, and the metallogenic prospects of U-Nb-Ta-REE in the southern section of the Daxing'anling Mountains for skarn-type iron-tin deposits
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摘要:
研究目的 大兴安岭南段是中国北方重要的锡多金属成矿带，黄岗和莫古吐矽卡岩型铁锡矿床是其中典型代表，其成因与高分异的碱长花岗岩或正长花岗岩有直接的时空和成因联系，花岗岩的岩石地球化学特征及其对找矿的意义还有待进一步研究。
研究方法 通过锆石U−Pb定年、全岩主量、微量和稀土元素测试和矿物学研究，探讨成矿花岗岩的特征和对找矿的启示。
研究结果 矿物学研究发现，成矿花岗岩样品中钠质斜长石、碱性长石、石英具有低温共结熔体结晶的特点，且镜下可见文象结构和蠕虫状石英。锆石U−Pb年龄显示，黄岗矿床碱长花岗岩结晶年龄131.8±2.0 Ma(MSWD=1.3)，大莫古吐矿床碱长花岗岩结晶年龄为为137.1±1.3 Ma(MSWD=0.8)，均侵位于早白垩世。全岩主量元素显示花岗岩具有高硅（73.97%~79.05%）、高碱（7.83%~8.88%），低钙、铁、镁、钛和磷的特征，为准铝质—弱过铝质（A/CNK=0.93~1.09）高分异花岗岩。全岩微量和稀土元素显示，花岗岩具有高Rb、Th、Pb，低Ba、Sr、P、Ti的特征，稀土元素配分曲线较平坦（LaN/YbN=0.96~12.04），具有强烈的负Eu异常（Eu/Eu*=0.01~0.03）及弱的负Ce到正Ce异常的过渡特点（Ce/Ce*=0.96~1.56），微量元素配分图具有弱的四分组效应（TE1,3=0.99~1.14）。成矿花岗岩中，随着分异程度的增加，Th、U、Nb、Ta、Yb元素富集。
结论 大兴安岭南段黄岗和莫古吐矽卡岩型铁锡矿床成矿花岗岩为早白垩世高硅高分异花岗岩，其形成过程对U、Sn、Nb、REE等成矿元素具有显著的富集作用。本次年代学、矿物学和地球化学的研究结合区内地质、地球物理勘探、地球化学勘探、遥感研究进展显示，大兴安岭南段燕山晚期分异花岗岩分布区域除具有Sn−Pb−Zn−Ag多金属成矿潜力外，还具有U−Nb−Ta−REE的找矿潜力。
Abstract:Objective The southern segment of the Daxing'anling Range constitutes a significant tin-polymetallic metallogenic belt in northern China. Representative deposits include the Huanggang and Mogutu skarn-type Fe-Sn systems, which exhibit direct spatio-temporal and genetic relationships with highly fractionated alkali-feldspar granites or syenogranites. Further investigation is warranted regarding petrogeochemical characteristics of these granites and their implications for mineral exploration.
Methods This study explores the characteristics of the ore−forming granites and their implications for ore prospecting through zircon U−Pb dating, whole−rock major, trace and rare earth element testing, and mineralogical studies.
Results The weighted average U−Pb ages obtained from zircon dating are 131.8±2.0 Ma(MSWD=1.3) and 137.1±1.3 Ma(MSWD=0.8), indicating that the emplacement of alkali feldspar granite in the Huanggang and Damogotu deposits occurred during the Early Cretaceous. The main elements of the whole rock show that the granite has the characteristics of high silicon (73.97%~79.05%), high alkali (7.83%~8.88%), low calcium, iron, magnesium, titanium and phosphorus, and is a metaluminous to weak peraluminous (A/CNK=0.93~1.09) highly differentiated granite. The trace and rare earth elements in the whole rock show that the granite is characterized by high Rb, Th and Pb, and low Ba, Sr, P and Ti. The rare earth element distribution map is relatively flat (LaN/YbN=0.96~12.04), with strong negative Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu*=0.01~0.03) and weak negative Ce to positive Ce anomaly transition feature (Ce/Ce*=0.96~1.56), and the trace element distribution map has weak tetrad effect (TE1,3=0.99~1.14). In the ore−forming granites, elements such as Th, U, Nb, Ta and Yb are enriched with the increase of the degree of differentiation.
Conclusions The metallogenic granites of the Huanggang and Mogutu skarn−type Fe−Sn deposits in the Southern Section of the Daxing'anling Mountains are Early Cretaceous high−silica highly fractionated granites, whose formation process has a significant enrichment effect on ore−forming elements such as U, Sn, Nb and REE. Combined with the research progress of regional geology, geophysical exploration, geochemical exploration and remote sensing, this study of chronology, mineralogy and geochemistry shows that the areas with Late Yanshanian differentiated granites in the Southern Section of the Daxing'anling Mountains not only have metallogenic potential for Sn−Pb−Zn−Ag polymetals, but also have prospecting potential for U−Nb−Ta−REE.
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图 1 研究区大地构造背景（a）和大兴安岭南段地质图（b）（据Liu, et al., 2016修改）
Figure 1.
图 2 黄岗矿区地质简图（据王莉娟等，2001修改）
Figure 2.
图 7 黄岗和莫古吐成矿花岗岩SiO2−K2O图解(a，底图据Peccerillo et al., 1976）和A/CNK−A/NK图解(b，底图据Papu et al., 1989）
Figure 7.
图 9 黄岗和莫古吐成矿花岗岩球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分图(a)和原始地幔标准化微量元素蜘蛛网图(b)(标准化值Sun et al., 1989）
Figure 9.
图 10 SiO2−TFeO/(TFeO+Mg)（a）和SiO2−(Na2O+K2O–CaO)（b）判别图解（底图据Frost et al., 2001）
Figure 10.
图 11 高分异花岗岩判别图解（判别界线据Whalen et al., 1987；吴福元等，2017；图a数据据武广等，2021；季根源等，2022）
Figure 11.
图 13 黄岗和莫古吐成矿花岗岩岩浆分异判别图解（底图据Blundy and Shimizu, 1991；Ewart et al., 1994；Wu et al., 2003；Janoušek et al., 2004；Yang et al., 2012；Zhang et al.,2013）
Figure 13.
表 1 黄岗和莫古吐成矿花岗岩LA−ICP−MS锆石U−Th−Pb测年分析数据
Table 1. LA−ICP−MS zircon U−Th−Pb dating analysis data of Huanggang and Mogutu metallogenic granites
测点号 含量/10−6 Th/U 同位素比值 年龄/Ma Th U 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ HG16-1 HG16-1-1 3186 2381 1.34 0.2721 0.0111 0.0257 0.0005 244 9 164 3 HG16-1-2 701 4081 0.17 0.1467 0.0063 0.0211 0.0004 139 6 134 3 HG16-1-3 1239 5410 0.23 0.1921 0.0101 0.0196 0.0002 178 9 125 1 HG16-1-4 888 3742 0.24 0.2581 0.0091 0.0253 0.0003 233 7 161 2 HG16-1-5 1205 4762 0.25 0.1931 0.0059 0.0208 0.0004 179 5 133 2 HG16-1-6 1180 2818 0.42 0.1784 0.0043 0.0241 0.0004 167 4 153 3 HG16-1-7 1906 2981 0.64 0.2908 0.0156 0.0249 0.0005 259 12 159 3 HG16-1-8 1500 4053 0.37 0.2612 0.0084 0.0219 0.0003 236 7 139 2 HG16-1-9 733 1829 0.40 0.1482 0.0048 0.0207 0.0004 140 4 132 3 HG16-1-10 400 1099 0.36 0.1401 0.0043 0.0207 0.0003 133 4 132 2 HG16-1-11 758 2065 0.37 0.1755 0.0101 0.0197 0.0004 164 9 126 3 HG16-1-12 846 1928 0.44 0.1432 0.0040 0.0208 0.0004 136 4 133 2 HG16-1-13 869 2060 0.42 0.1383 0.0030 0.0207 0.0003 131 3 132 2 HG16-1-14 830 1986 0.42 0.1590 0.0058 0.0218 0.0004 150 5 139 2 HG16-1-15 1046 2541 0.41 0.1397 0.0042 0.0198 0.0004 133 4 127 2 HG16-1-16 660 1604 0.41 0.1473 0.0081 0.0200 0.0005 139 7 128 3 HG16-1-17 792 1765 0.45 0.1597 0.0049 0.0224 0.0004 150 4 143 3 HG16-1-18 1219 1938 0.63 0.1454 0.0042 0.0207 0.0003 138 4 132 2 HG16-1-19 604 1520 0.40 0.1450 0.0041 0.0210 0.0003 137 4 134 2 MGT16-3 MGT16-3-1 301 867 0.35 0.1598 0.0078 0.0216 0.0004 151 7 138 3 MGT16-3-2 590 1019 0.58 0.1956 0.0083 0.0222 0.0005 181 7 141 3 MGT16-3-3 300 1015 0.29 0.1423 0.0046 0.0212 0.0004 135 4 135 2 MGT16-3-4 135 305 0.44 0.1435 0.0072 0.0216 0.0004 136 6 138 2 MGT16-3-5 233 771 0.30 0.2351 0.0084 0.0203 0.0003 214 7 130 2 MGT16-3-6 120 365 0.33 0.1457 0.0078 0.0212 0.0004 138 7 135 2 MGT16-3-7 431 1335 0.32 0.1544 0.0042 0.0215 0.0003 146 4 137 2 MGT16-3-8 107 195 0.55 0.1343 0.0070 0.0213 0.0004 128 6 136 3 MGT16-3-9 117 275 0.42 0.1526 0.0105 0.0222 0.0005 144 9 141 3 MGT16-3-10 695 2042 0.34 0.1549 0.0054 0.0210 0.0004 146 5 134 2 MGT16-3-11 324 450 0.72 0.1589 0.0109 0.0213 0.0006 150 10 136 4 MGT16-3-12 125 305 0.41 0.1597 0.0097 0.0221 0.0005 150 8 141 3 MGT16-3-13 67 157 0.43 0.1820 0.0160 0.0243 0.0005 170 14 155 3 MGT16-3-14 158 377 0.42 0.1533 0.0077 0.0212 0.0004 145 7 135 3 MGT16-3-15 656 339 1.93 1.1225 0.0523 0.0247 0.0005 764 25 157 3 MGT16-3-16 151 230 0.66 0.1503 0.0078 0.0216 0.0004 142 7 138 3 MGT16-3-17 72 140 0.52 0.1997 0.0149 0.0238 0.0006 185 13 151 4 MGT16-3-18 150 350 0.43 0.6214 0.0474 0.0239 0.0006 491 30 152 4 MGT16-3-19 134 362 0.37 0.1655 0.0100 0.0225 0.0006 155 9 143 4 MGT16-3-20 206 379 0.54 0.1541 0.0058 0.0216 0.0004 145 5 138 3 MGT16-3-21 65 194 0.34 0.1445 0.0095 0.0216 0.0005 137 8 138 3 MGT16-3-22 1085 2402 0.45 0.1985 0.0065 0.0231 0.0003 184 6 147 2 
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表 2 黄岗和莫古吐成矿花岗岩主量、微量和稀土元素组成
Table 2. Composition of major, trace and rare earth elements in the metallogenic granites of Huanggang and Mogutu
元素 HGT16-1 HGT16-2 HGT16-3 HGT16-4 HGT16-5 HG16-1 HG16-2 HG16-3 HG16-4 HG16-5 碱长花岗岩 碱长花岗岩 碱长花岗岩 正长花岗岩 正长花岗岩 碱长花岗岩 碱长花岗岩 碱长花岗岩 碱长花岗岩 碱长花岗岩 SiO2 76.22 76.14 77.37 74.65 76.08 79.05 77.38 73.97 74.69 74.52 TiO2 0.07 0.09 0.05 0.10 0.06 0.07 0.06 0.19 0.18 0.18 Al2O3 12.31 12.36 12.12 12.75 12.11 12.13 12.38 13.04 12.70 12.73 Fe2O3 0.69 0.88 0.71 0.63 0.77 0.01 0.01 0.84 0.82 0.60 FeO 1.08 1.07 1.29 1.33 1.25 0.53 0.50 1.66 1.44 1.68 MnO 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.04 0.03 0.07 0.07 0.06 MgO 0.06 0.06 0.04 0.10 0.05 0.04 0.02 0.16 0.17 0.18 CaO 0.45 0.44 0.28 0.65 0.35 0.11 0.25 0.35 0.24 0.37 Na2O 3.85 3.91 3.88 3.98 3.63 3.95 4.37 3.36 3.12 3.37 K2O 4.49 4.56 4.52 4.56 4.58 4.10 4.07 4.55 4.87 4.88 P2O5 - - - 0.02 - - - 0.04 0.04 0.04 烧失量 0.16 0.14 0.26 0.27 0.23 0.24 0.19 0.78 0.68 0.56 总计 99.45 99.73 100.60 99.11 99.20 100.30 99.27 99.01 99.02 99.17 H2O+ 0.44 0.58 0.58 0.82 0.88 0.78 0.42 1.38 1.24 1.12 TFeO 1.70 1.86 1.93 1.90 1.94 0.54 0.51 2.42 2.18 2.22 A/CNK 1.03 1.02 1.03 1.01 1.05 1.09 1.03 1.18 1.17 1.11 A/NK 1.10 1.09 1.08 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.07 1.25 1.22 1.18 F 0.07 0.11 0.03 0.20 0.07 0.02 0.12 0.08 0.03 0.10 Li 12.40 9.84 10.40 26.40 14.50 33.50 41.50 146.00 54.00 33.70 Be 5.76 6.19 3.89 6.29 8.66 1.37 1.64 5.24 4.83 4.89 Sc 1.91 2.03 1.96 2.52 1.90 1.26 1.34 3.37 3.37 3.34 V 0.85 0.98 0.93 2.80 0.67 0.85 0.63 5.78 6.39 5.64 Mn 386 492 507 563 575 256 229 518 472 442 Co 0.74 0.82 0.96 1.23 1.06 0.59 0.48 1.97 2.12 1.81 Ni 1.59 2.65 2.36 1.74 2.16 2.05 2.12 2.14 2.20 2.03 Cu 5.17 4.21 5.26 3.79 4.47 5.71 7.38 7.82 5.46 6.60 Zn 49.20 43.30 38.50 30.20 43.40 28.40 35.00 70.30 52.20 49.20 Ga 23.10 22.20 23.80 23.00 24.20 27.40 25.90 24.40 23.80 23.40 As 11.80 7.96 12.90 10.60 16.40 259.00 5.53 30.80 19.80 16.90 Mo 1.96 1.96 3.27 1.95 2.15 0.51 1.32 1.58 0.56 0.52 Ag 0.11 0.12 0.14 0.04 0.09 0.05 0.05 0.10 0.01 0.03 Cd 0.13 0.12 0.16 0.05 0.22 0.05 0.07 0.17 0.12 0.15 In 0.08 0.07 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 Cs 2.75 4.67 1.48 23.90 2.28 2.47 1.98 8.17 5.23 4.28 W 1.82 1.68 3.24 1.25 2.62 4.16 1.90 2.60 4.76 2.38 Tl 0.66 0.52 0.72 1.13 0.82 2.21 1.90 2.28 2.20 1.85 Pb 20.90 19.50 17.30 18.90 24.30 26.60 25.60 41.70 39.50 30.70 Bi 0.31 0.15 1.06 0.13 0.14 10.80 7.67 2.78 15.80 5.10 Rb 165 163 148 255 198 161 181 208 250 237 Ba 111.0 157.0 30.6 274.0 47.3 109.0 12.7 355.0 347.0 336.0 Th 35.00 27.50 43.10 29.20 38.00 9.59 24.50 26.80 24.40 26.60 U 7.72 8.86 18.10 10.50 7.08 4.57 4.32 4.45 4.40 4.53 Ta 2.20 2.28 3.81 3.41 4.13 1.95 2.14 1.67 1.73 1.73 Nb 20.90 21.50 33.90 28.10 31.40 19.10 21.30 16.50 17.20 17.00 Sr 17.60 18.50 7.87 42.00 9.78 11.20 4.97 60.10 57.90 62.00 Zr 178 133 173 167 138 158 140 203 198 213 Hf 9.99 5.66 9.37 6.90 7.58 7.73 7.25 7.41 7.28 7.79 La 31.40 33.70 16.90 39.30 25.70 3.96 4.58 54.80 25.00 37.00 Ce 73.60 74.80 48.20 86.00 63.60 8.18 11.60 116.00 77.80 93.90 Pr 9.72 9.67 8.11 10.70 8.61 0.95 1.90 14.00 5.98 8.86 Nd 38.10 38.30 36.80 41.90 34.90 3.53 9.85 53.20 22.80 33.70 Sm 8.93 8.49 10.60 9.24 8.84 0.83 3.88 10.70 4.97 6.85 Eu 0.17 0.22 0.10 0.36 0.11 0.05 0.05 0.60 0.43 0.48 Gd 7.79 7.10 9.51 7.55 7.49 0.76 4.82 8.17 4.66 5.73 Tb 1.38 1.19 1.73 1.33 1.29 0.15 0.90 1.35 0.92 1.06 Dy 7.93 6.88 10.10 7.85 7.34 0.99 5.74 7.11 6.09 6.62 Ho 1.66 1.41 2.05 1.61 1.48 0.24 1.26 1.38 1.36 1.47 Er 4.53 3.82 5.51 4.47 4.01 0.83 3.49 3.48 4.00 4.17 Tm 0.72 0.59 0.86 0.72 0.65 0.15 0.54 0.53 0.65 0.68 Yb 4.38 3.59 5.20 4.58 4.07 1.04 3.32 3.17 4.08 4.24 Lu 0.66 0.55 0.79 0.72 0.62 0.18 0.51 0.47 0.64 0.67 Y 39.90 34.30 46.00 39.50 35.20 4.82 29.60 25.20 28.00 31.80 ΣREE 230.87 224.61 202.46 255.83 203.91 26.66 82.04 300.20 187.40 237.20 ΣLREE 161.92 165.18 120.71 187.50 141.76 17.50 31.86 249.30 137.00 180.80 ΣHREE 68.95 59.43 81.75 68.33 62.15 9.16 50.18 50.86 50.40 56.44 ΣLREE/ΣHREE 2.35 2.78 1.48 2.74 2.28 1.91 0.63 4.90 2.72 3.20 Eu/Eu* 0.06 0.09 0.03 0.13 0.04 0.19 0.04 0.20 0.27 0.23 TE1,3 1.04 1.02 1.07 1.03 1.05 1.01 0.99 1.03 1.14 1.07
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元素 MGT16-1 MGT16-2 MGT16-3 MGT16-4 MGT16-5 MGT16-6 DSS16-1 DSS16-2 DSS16-3 DSS16-4 碱长花岗岩 正长花岗岩 碱长花岗岩 正长花岗岩 碱长花岗岩 碱长花岗岩 碱长花岗岩 碱长花岗岩 碱长花岗岩 碱长花岗岩 SiO2 75.91 77.58 75.15 77.20 78.75 77.30 75.50 76.10 76.10 76.00 TiO2 0.08 0.07 0.08 0.06 0.05 0.08 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.05 Al2O3 12.28 11.82 12.95 11.07 11.31 11.96 12.20 12.50 12.10 12.40 Fe2O3 0.23 0.01 0.22 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.32 0.39 0.22 0.02 FeO 1.56 0.93 0.83 1.15 0.72 1.09 1.42 1.11 1.59 1.36 MnO 0.08 0.06 0.08 0.07 0.04 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.09 0.06 MgO 0.06 0.05 0.07 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.04 CaO 0.54 0.54 0.52 1.16 0.23 0.49 0.55 0.39 0.58 0.43 Na2O 3.85 3.02 2.84 2.24 2.44 2.97 3.62 3.79 3.71 3.84 K2O 4.28 5.05 6.04 5.59 5.54 5.19 4.65 4.58 4.36 4.55 P2O5 - - - - - - - - - - 烧失量 0.30 0.29 0.41 0.52 0.17 0.27 0.42 0.36 0.40 0.40 总计 99.18 99.43 99.20 99.13 99.32 99.50 98.90 99.50 99.30 99.10
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续表2-2 元素 MGT16-1 MGT16-2 MGT16-3 MGT16-4 MGT16-5 MGT16-6 DSS16-1 DSS16-2 DSS16-3 DSS16-4 碱长花岗岩 正长花岗岩 碱长花岗岩 正长花岗岩 碱长花岗岩 碱长花岗岩 碱长花岗岩 碱长花岗岩 碱长花岗岩 碱长花岗岩 H2O+ 0.98 0.74 0.98 0.90 0.74 0.80 0.88 1.00 0.98 0.86 TFeO 1.77 0.94 1.03 1.16 0.73 1.10 1.71 1.46 1.79 1.38 F 0.27 0.2 0.25 0.67 0.057 0.18 0.29 0.18 0.3 0.21 A/CNK 1.03 1.04 1.07 0.93 1.08 1.05 1.02 1.05 1.02 1.03 A/NK 1.12 1.13 1.16 1.14 1.13 1.14 1.11 1.12 1.12 1.10 Li 24.60 16.20 23.30 55.80 25.10 22.90 25.10 18.80 31.60 23.30 Be 7.35 9.90 4.64 3.78 4.60 5.97 6.31 5.85 9.26 5.94 Sc 2.13 1.96 2.11 1.45 1.20 1.50 1.66 1.54 1.54 1.58 V 1.14 1.84 2.54 1.71 1.10 1.81 1.01 0.90 0.80 0.78 Mn 562 431 574 524 310 504 534 458 625 387 Co 1.12 0.81 1.19 0.97 0.74 0.96 1.08 0.92 1.15 0.76 Ni 2.05 2.20 2.69 2.61 1.42 2.35 2.21 2.11 2.14 1.50 Cu 5.49 11.90 21.90 11.40 9.30 14.30 7.02 3.71 5.56 2.43 Zn 18.80 48.50 99.30 34.80 33.90 54.10 12.90 11.80 29.50 15.10 Ga 26.60 19.60 20.50 18.30 17.60 20.30 26.10 27.20 27.10 27.00 As 12.50 121.00 55.30 50.60 85.80 66.70 7.80 37.10 28.00 24.80 Mo 0.83 0.28 0.51 0.39 0.22 0.51 0.83 0.87 3.17 0.29 Ag 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.02 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.09 0.00 Cd 0.05 0.13 0.19 0.10 0.08 0.08 0.05 0.08 0.25 0.05 In 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 Cs 9.92 7.02 9.94 7.48 7.26 7.47 8.39 10.9 7.16 9.12 W 3.8 2.21 1.55 2.97 1.81 2.49 4.82 10.5 6.63 2.59 Tl 2.07 2.18 2.4 2.39 2.43 2.26 2.14 2.35 2.22 2.32 Pb 32 26.8 26.4 26.1 27.2 29 34 30.8 48.6 31.9 Bi 0.13 17.4 34 6.2 16.7 7.37 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.05 Rb 425 275 331 302 297 286 427 453 445 461 Ba 37.3 65.1 390 81.6 76.2 78.9 38.1 30.3 14.2 18.4 Th 56.8 55.8 17 42.6 41.2 52.9 62.6 44.8 58.4 57.2 U 9.22 5.95 2.26 4.91 3.02 4.69 12.2 5.44 11 8.58 Ta 5.29 2.24 1.89 3.58 2.68 3.73 4.47 4.02 5.53 4.28 Nb 41.9 13.3 11.9 21.4 16.4 19.5 39.6 34.9 41.3 34.9 Sr 13.1 23.4 47.6 23.5 22 23.5 11.9 11.1 10.4 10.7 Zr 115.0 116.0 69.1 98.1 67.1 160.0 161.0 90.7 138.0 121.0 Hf 8.06 6.64 3.57 6.16 4.14 8.13 9.81 6.54 9.15 8.6 La 70.7 25.7 20.4 28.4 15.8 31.6 41.2 36.5 49.6 34.8 Ce 160 61.6 45 63.7 35.8 71.9 93.7 83.2 111 80.9 Pr 18.7 7.7 5.22 7.76 4.14 8.2 11.8 10.2 14 10.2 Nd 63.4 30.6 19.5 27.3 14.7 28.6 44.5 38.1 52.9 39.2 Sm 13 8.65 4.56 5.45 3.12 5.81 11 9.4 13.3 9.66 Eu 0.12 0.17 0.47 0.18 0.15 0.17 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.05 Gd 10.9 9.08 4.06 4.64 2.79 5.18 10.5 9.06 12.8 9.34 Tb 2.03 1.82 0.73 0.83 0.53 0.97 2.07 1.82 2.61 1.86 Dy 12.4 11.5 4.64 5.38 3.37 6.15 13.3 11.8 16.8 11.8 Ho 2.76 2.51 1 1.25 0.76 1.39 3.03 2.69 3.84 2.69 Er 8.21 7.41 2.9 3.92 2.25 4.14 8.9 8.21 11.5 8.08 Tm 1.42 1.24 0.49 0.7 0.38 0.73 1.51 1.42 2 1.39 Yb 9.28 7.77 3.06 4.74 2.43 4.77 9.66 9.19 13 9.02 Lu 1.48 1.2 0.48 0.78 0.38 0.76 1.49 1.42 2.02 1.42 Y 78.4 68.1 26.8 40 18.3 36.4 85.6 77.3 97.4 79.4 ΣREE 452.80 245.05 139.31 195.03 104.90 206.77 338.35 300.38 402.82 299.81 ΣLREE 325.92 134.42 95.15 132.79 73.71 146.28 202.29 177.47 240.85 174.81 ΣHREE 126.88 110.63 44.16 62.24 31.19 60.49 136.06 122.91 161.97 125.00 ΣLREE/ΣHREE 2.57 1.22 2.15 2.13 2.36 2.42 1.49 1.44 1.49 1.40 Eu/Eu* 0.03 0.06 0.33 0.11 0.16 0.09 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.02 TE1,3 1.07 1.07 1.04 1.03 1.06 1.06 1.05 1.06 1.05 1.05 注：TE1,3值指示岩石的熔体−流体相互作用强度 (Irber et al., 1999)。主量元素含量单位为%，微量和稀土元素含量单位为10−6
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表 3 大兴安岭南段物探、遥感、化探等手段下的找矿发现
Table 3. Mineral exploration discoveries obtained through geophysical exploration, remote sensing, geochemical exploration and other means in the southern segment of the Daxing’anling Mountains
区域/矿种 主要技术手段 成矿花岗岩特征 成矿花岗岩与矿的关系 资料来源 炒米房地区铀矿 物探 燕山期黑云母花岗岩、花岗斑岩等 铀矿化赋存在不整合面附近，与燕山期花岗岩有关，钍矿化为与燕山期花岗岩中 于兵等，2022 黄岗地区铜、锡、铅、锌、银多金属矿 遥感 燕山期花岗岩 有色金属成矿与燕山期含锡中-酸性花岗岩浆侵入于二叠系含锡多金属地层有关 荆凤，2005 后卜河-马场地区钼、锡、铜、铅、锌、银多金属矿 野外地质调查 燕山晚期高演化的黑云母花岗岩、细粒斑状黑云母花岗岩和黑云母花岗斑岩 矿产围绕燕山晚期胡都格绍荣岩体分布，岩体内部和不同距离外发育不同类型矿化 吕耿毅等，2025 黄岗和莫古吐矿区铁锡矿，具有铀矿、铌钽矿、重稀土矿找矿潜力 地球化学、
矿物学研究燕山期高分异的碱长花岗岩或
正长花岗岩黄岗和莫古吐铁锡矿矿体产于燕山期
花岗岩与地层接触带矽卡岩中本文
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