Petrogenesis of the Mesozoic Malage complex pluton in Eastern Inner Mongolia and its enlightenment to the regional tectonic evolution
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摘要:
研究目的 以兴安地块南段马拉格复式岩体作为研究对象，进一步解读蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋、古太平洋两大构造体系对东北地区影响的时空范围。
研究方法 对该岩体不同岩性系统采集样品，进行岩相学、锆石U−Pb定年、岩石地球化学分析研究。
研究结果 研究表明，马拉格复式岩体由2期花岗岩组成，早期为石英二长岩、二长花岗岩、碱长花岗岩的岩性组合，形成于晚三叠世（225±2~220±2 Ma）；晚期为花岗斑岩，形成于早白垩世晚期（124±1 Ma）。2期岩体属于高钾钙碱性I型花岗岩，区别在于分异程度不同，均具有（Rb、Ba、K）大离子亲石元素及轻稀土元素（LREE）明显富集、（Ta、Nb、P、Ti）高场强元素及重稀土元素不同程度亏损、稀土元素总量偏低（ΣREE为34.25×10−6~217.91×10−6）、中等负Eu异常（δEu=0.40~0.84）的特点。
结论 结合区域构造演化，马拉格复式岩体2期岩体指示：晚三叠世兴安地块南段已受到蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋俯冲的远程影响；早白垩世晚期区域上处于伸展背景，推断为蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋闭合后伸展、古太平洋俯冲后撤的共同作用，尤其与后者联系密切。
Abstract:Objective This study investigates the Malage composite pluton in the southern Xing'an Block to clarify the spatiotemporal influence boundaries of two tectonic systems (Mongolia−Okhotsk Ocean and Paleo−Pacific) in Northeast China.
Methods We conducted systematic sampling of lithologic units within the pluton, followed by petrographic analysis, zircon U−Pb geochronology, and whole−rock geochemical characterization.
Results The Malage complex pluton comprises two granite phases. The early−stage assemblage (quartz monzonite diorite, monzogranite and alkali−feldspar granite)emplaced during the Late Triassic (225 ± 1 Ma and 220 ± 2 Ma), and granite porphyry intruded in the late Early Cretaceous (124 ± 1 Ma). Both phases represent high−K calc−alkaline I−type granites, though the Cretaceous porphyry exhibits higher differentiation. They are both characterized by enrichment of large ion lithophilic elements (Rb, Ba, K) and light rare−earth elements (LREE), different degrees of loss (Ta, Nb, P, Ti) in high field strength elements (HFSE) and heavy rare−earth elements (HREE), low total rare earths (ΣREE=34.25×10−6~217.91×10−6), variable negative Eu anomalies (δEu=0.40~0.84).
Conclusions Integrated geological evidence suggests that Late Triassic Mongolian−Okhotsk Ocean subduction influenced the southern Xing'an Block, and late Early Cretaceous magmatism occurred under an extensional regime driven jointly by post−collisional relaxation after Mongolia−Okhotsk Ocean closure and Paleo−Pacific Plate rollback, with predominant control from the latter.
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Key words:
- Xing'an Block /
- Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean /
- Paleo-Pacific Ocean /
- I-type granite /
- tectonic evolution
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图 1 兴蒙造山带东段大地构造略图（a，据Wu et al., 2011）和马拉格复式岩体地质图（b，据山西省地质调查院，2012）
Figure 1.
图 5 马拉格复式岩体的SiO2−（K2O+Na2O）（a，据Le et al., 2002）、SiO2−K2O（b，据Morrison et al., 1980）及A/CNK−A/NK图解（c，据Maniar et al., 1989）
Figure 5.
图 6 马拉格复式岩体稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分模式（a）及原始地幔标准化蛛网图（b）（标准化数值据Sun et al., 1989）
Figure 6.
图 7 马拉格复式岩体的岩石成因图解（c, d据Whalen et al., 1987）
Figure 7.
图 8 马拉格复式岩体Sr−Ba图（a，底图据Wu et al., 2003）、La−La/Yb图（b，底图据Allegre et al., 1978）和La−(La/Yb)N图（c，底图据Wu et al., 2003，分异趋势线上数字代表分离结晶程度）
Figure 8.
图 9 马拉格复式岩体构造环境图（图a，b据Pearce et al., 1984；图c据Condie et al., 1989；图d、e据Gorton et al., 2000；图f据Brown et al., 1982）
Figure 9.
表 1 马拉格复式岩体LA−ICP−MS锆石U−Th−Pb测试结果
Table 1. LA−ICP−MS zircon U−Th−Pb dating results of the Malage complex pluton
测点号 含量/10−6 Th/U 同位素比值 年龄/Ma Pb* Th U 207Pb/
206Pb1σ 207Pb/
235U1σ 206Pb/
238U1σ 207Pb/
206Pb1σ 207Pb/
235U1σ 206Pb/
238U1σ PM202TW-3：花岗斑岩 1 2 83 88 0.94 0.0512 0.004 0.1495 0.0118 0.0212 0.0002 249 20 141 11 135 1 2* 172 307 475 0.65 0.1287 0.0007 5.8833 0.0279 0.3317 0.0022 2080 11 1959 9 1846 12 3* 85 151 234 0.64 0.1271 0.0007 5.8028 0.0274 0.3311 0.0022 2058 11 1947 9 1844 12 4 8 325 342 0.95 0.0482 0.0013 0.1283 0.0035 0.0193 0.0001 110 3 123 3 123 1 5* 77 158 217 0.73 0.1339 0.0007 5.8669 0.0252 0.3178 0.0021 2150 12 1956 8 1779 12 6 12 496 531 0.93 0.0503 0.0007 0.136 0.0017 0.0196 0.0001 209 3 129 2 125 1 7* 33 68 90 0.76 0.1296 0.0008 5.8451 0.0295 0.3271 0.0023 2092 12 1953 10 1825 13 8 10 488 470 1.04 0.0502 0.0009 0.1355 0.0024 0.0196 0.0001 202 4 129 2 125 1 9 12 515 555 0.93 0.0486 0.0007 0.1317 0.0019 0.0197 0.0001 127 2 126 2 126 1 10 8 287 348 0.83 0.0500 0.0012 0.1343 0.0029 0.0195 0.0002 196 5 128 3 124 1 11 23 1151 971 1.19 0.0486 0.0005 0.1310 0.0010 0.0195 0.0001 129 1 125 1 125 1 12 11 453 515 0.88 0.0485 0.0007 0.1310 0.0018 0.0196 0.0001 124 2 125 2 125 1 13 6 209 300 0.70 0.0499 0.0014 0.1345 0.0038 0.0196 0.0001 190 5 128 4 125 1 14 10 388 484 0.80 0.0481 0.0008 0.1299 0.0019 0.0196 0.0001 103 2 124 2 125 1 15 6 225 294 0.76 0.0496 0.0015 0.1328 0.0040 0.0194 0.0001 176 5 127 4 124 1 16* 6 225 270 0.83 0.0489 0.0014 0.1460 0.0041 0.0216 0.0001 145 4 138 4 138 1 17* 121 237 329 0.72 0.1259 0.0007 5.6780 0.0261 0.3272 0.0022 2041 11 1928 9 1825 12 18 8 260 379 0.69 0.0484 0.0009 0.1298 0.0024 0.0194 0.0001 119 2 124 2 124 1 19 4 141 145 0.97 0.0496 0.0021 0.1482 0.0064 0.0217 0.0002 176 7 140 6 138 1 20* 7 245 292 0.84 0.0481 0.0009 0.1433 0.0027 0.0216 0.0001 102 2 136 3 138 1 21 5 198 243 0.82 0.0492 0.0019 0.1312 0.0049 0.0193 0.0001 159 6 125 5 123 1 22 23 865 1071 0.81 0.0489 0.0008 0.1305 0.0016 0.0194 0.0001 142 2 125 2 124 1 23 12 390 571 0.68 0.0492 0.0011 0.1321 0.0025 0.0195 0.0001 158 3 126 2 124 1 24 5 187 252 0.74 0.0502 0.0023 0.1333 0.0058 0.0193 0.0001 206 9 127 6 123 1 25* 8 327 331 0.99 0.0507 0.001 0.151 0.0028 0.0216 0.0001 228 4 143 3 138 1 PM202TW-2：碱长花岗岩 1 13 379 277 1.37 0.0517 0.0009 0.2486 0.0043 0.0349 0.0002 274 5 225 4 221 1 2* 15 439 311 1.41 0.0510 0.0007 0.2356 0.0035 0.0335 0.0002 242 3 215 3 212 1 3* 15 524 277 1.89 0.0526 0.0004 0.2402 0.0016 0.0331 0.0002 313 3 219 1 210 1 4 17 471 399 1.18 0.0528 0.0008 0.2543 0.0035 0.0349 0.0002 322 5 230 3 221 1 5* 10 261 223 1.17 0.0509 0.0012 0.2584 0.0065 0.0368 0.0002 236 6 233 6 233 1 6* 13 313 489 0.64 0.0506 0.0009 0.1775 0.0029 0.0255 0.0002 221 4 166 3 162 1 7 9 215 215 1.00 0.0522 0.0011 0.2503 0.0046 0.0348 0.0003 292 6 227 4 221 2 8* 8 169 180 0.94 0.0514 0.0010 0.2663 0.0049 0.0376 0.0003 257 5 240 4 238 2 9* 7 181 171 1.06 0.0509 0.0011 0.2635 0.0051 0.0376 0.0003 235 5 238 5 238 2 10* 11 315 197 1.60 0.0504 0.0005 0.2515 0.0029 0.0362 0.0003 216 2 228 3 229 2 11* 9 255 214 1.19 0.0517 0.0009 0.2689 0.0044 0.0377 0.0002 273 5 242 4 239 2 12* 15 370 301 1.23 0.0499 0.0006 0.2444 0.0030 0.0355 0.0002 191 2 222 3 225 1 13 21 565 523 1.08 0.0509 0.0005 0.2460 0.0023 0.0350 0.0002 237 2 223 2 222 1 14* 16 484 613 0.79 0.0513 0.0005 0.1735 0.0016 0.0245 0.0001 254 3 162 1 156 1 15 6 149 159 0.94 0.0507 0.0017 0.2431 0.0074 0.0348 0.0003 227 8 221 7 220 2 16 9 226 233 0.97 0.0515 0.0010 0.2470 0.0047 0.0348 0.0002 263 5 224 4 220 1 17 21 531 259 2.05 0.0523 0.0007 0.2505 0.0048 0.0347 0.0003 298 4 227 4 220 2 18 8 184 194 0.95 0.0506 0.0015 0.2427 0.0069 0.0348 0.0002 224 7 221 6 220 1 19* 11 332 242 1.37 0.0516 0.0008 0.2611 0.0040 0.0367 0.0002 267 4 236 4 232 1 20 7 155 176 0.88 0.0507 0.0016 0.2431 0.0074 0.0347 0.0002 229 7 221 7 220 2 21 11 268 288 0.93 0.0508 0.0014 0.2433 0.0062 0.0347 0.0002 231 6 221 6 220 1 22* 5 207 152 1.36 0.0493 0.0012 0.1774 0.0045 0.0261 0.0002 164 4 166 4 166 1 PM203TW-1：石英二长岩 1 10 290 213 1.36 0.0512 0.0008 0.265 0.0044 0.0375 0.0003 252 4 239 4 237 2 2 10 227 217 1.05 0.0511 0.0011 0.2658 0.0056 0.0377 0.0003 247 5 239 5 239 2 3 9 177 209 0.85 0.0505 0.0010 0.2612 0.0047 0.0375 0.0003 217 4 236 4 238 2 4 13 301 296 1.02 0.0519 0.0006 0.2703 0.0033 0.0378 0.0003 281 3 243 3 239 2 5 9 198 217 0.91 0.0516 0.0010 0.2674 0.0046 0.0376 0.0003 268 5 241 4 238 2 6 7 168 177 0.95 0.0527 0.0013 0.2525 0.0063 0.0348 0.0002 314 8 229 6 220 1 7* 10 213 315 0.67 0.0501 0.0006 0.1821 0.0023 0.0264 0.0002 199 3 170 2 168 1 8 11 261 244 1.07 0.0513 0.0007 0.2647 0.0038 0.0374 0.0002 253 4 238 3 237 2 9 6 130 157 0.83 0.0508 0.0019 0.2485 0.0092 0.0355 0.0002 230 9 225 8 225 1 10 8 173 194 0.89 0.0525 0.0012 0.2573 0.0057 0.0356 0.0002 305 7 232 5 225 1 11 4 79 94 0.84 0.0508 0.0016 0.2614 0.0081 0.0373 0.0003 230 7 236 7 236 2 12 8 167 180 0.93 0.0512 0.0012 0.2664 0.0062 0.0377 0.0002 251 6 240 6 239 2 13 5 121 119 1.02 0.0514 0.0011 0.2663 0.0056 0.0376 0.0003 257 6 240 5 238 2 14* 17 270 262 1.03 0.0530 0.0006 0.4170 0.0043 0.0570 0.0003 331 4 354 4 357 2 15 16 461 349 1.32 0.0506 0.0008 0.2476 0.0034 0.0355 0.0002 222 3 225 3 225 1 16 7 146 165 0.88 0.0515 0.0014 0.2666 0.0073 0.0376 0.0002 262 7 240 7 238 1 17 6 125 124 1.01 0.0496 0.0012 0.2468 0.0060 0.0361 0.0002 177 4 224 5 228 1 18 6 126 145 0.87 0.0506 0.0012 0.2477 0.0057 0.0355 0.0002 221 5 225 5 225 1 19 9 212 208 1.02 0.0512 0.0009 0.2497 0.0043 0.0354 0.0002 250 4 226 4 224 1 20 8 183 162 1.13 0.0510 0.0014 0.2690 0.0073 0.0383 0.0002 239 6 242 7 242 1 21 2 51 56 0.92 0.0503 0.0037 0.2615 0.0191 0.0377 0.0003 209 15 236 17 239 2 22 8 237 180 1.32 0.0518 0.0014 0.2542 0.0068 0.0356 0.0002 276 7 230 6 225 1 23 9 227 212 1.07 0.0510 0.0009 0.2646 0.0045 0.0377 0.0002 239 4 238 4 238 2 24 12 276 267 1.03 0.0510 0.0008 0.2638 0.0038 0.0375 0.0002 241 4 238 3 237 1 25 12 321 269 1.19 0.0507 0.0009 0.2636 0.0045 0.0377 0.0002 229 4 238 4 238 2 测试单位：天津地质调查中心实验室；标注*为不谐和测试点 
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表 2 马拉格复式岩体主量、微量、稀土元素分析结果
Table 2. Major, trace and rare earth element compositions of the Malage complex pluton
元素 202-42 202-46 202-48 202-52 202-53 202-54 203-3 202-43 202-44 202-45 202-51 202-47 203-4 202-50 花岗斑岩 碱长花岗岩 二长花岗岩 石英二长岩 SiO2 77.54 77.88 72.99 74.70 74.79 74.73 76.34 78.30 73.69 74.53 70.68 67.34 66.51 58.91 TiO2 0.20 0.12 0.39 0.26 0.25 0.25 0.21 0.14 0.31 0.33 0.49 0.62 0.74 0.69 Al2O3 11.59 11.87 13.51 12.94 12.89 13.21 12.42 11.51 13.84 13.43 14.6 15.14 15.55 16.55 Fe2O3 0.94 0.58 1.55 1.29 1.20 1.55 1.05 0.59 0.69 0.83 1.69 2.77 2.21 2.07 FeO 0.18 0.15 0.17 0.35 0.42 0.28 0.22 0.12 0.15 0.13 0.70 0.22 1.42 1.20 MnO 0.02 0.02 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.01 0.05 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.12 0.17 0.09 0.22 MgO 0.16 0.20 0.32 0.36 0.53 0.42 0.26 0.09 0.15 0.22 0.67 0.80 1.19 0.87 CaO 0.35 0.66 0.67 0.34 0.59 0.29 0.32 0.35 1.27 1.28 1.06 4.31 2.42 4.29 Na2O 2.95 2.54 3.08 2.61 2.24 2.53 3.52 3.23 4.00 4.14 4.48 3.83 4.01 4.36 K2O 5.15 4.89 6.06 5.57 5.03 4.93 4.62 4.86 4.64 4.04 3.68 3.12 4.19 5.81 P2O5 0.03 0.01 0.04 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.02 0.01 0.08 0.07 0.12 0.14 0.17 0.17 CO2 0.04 0.06 0.06 1.15 0.16 0.1 0.06 0.08 0.16 0.06 0.29 0.10 0.06 3.16 H2O+ 0.69 0.87 0.88 0.08 1.58 1.44 0.76 0.58 0.82 0.74 1.19 1.20 1.17 1.45 总量 99.84 99.85 99.77 99.75 99.79 99.8 99.85 99.88 99.82 99.82 99.77 99.76 99.73 99.75 Na2O+K2O 8.10 7.43 9.14 8.18 7.27 7.46 8.14 8.09 8.64 8.18 8.16 6.95 8.20 10.17 K2O/Na2O 1.75 1.93 1.97 2.13 2.25 1.95 1.31 1.50 1.16 0.98 0.82 0.81 1.04 1.33 A/CNK 1.05 1.11 1.05 1.18 1.26 1.32 1.09 1.03 1.00 0.99 1.10 0.86 1.00 0.78 σ43 1.9 1.58 2.78 2.11 1.65 1.74 1.98 1.85 2.42 2.12 2.39 1.96 2.83 6.32 TFeO/MgO 6.41 3.36 4.89 4.19 2.83 3.98 4.48 7.23 5.14 3.98 3.31 3.39 2.86 3.52 NK/A 0.90 0.80 0.86 0.80 0.71 0.72 0.87 0.92 0.84 0.83 0.78 0.64 0.72 0.81 DI 94.87 92.78 91.22 89.23 90.9 92.04 95.11 96.73 92.52 91.85 88.79 75.82 80.17 82.15 Mg# 21.93 34.90 26.92 30.03 38.89 31.12 28.68 19.94 25.95 31.13 35.21 34.70 38.60 33.85 Cr - - - 0.34 3.54 - 7.22 1.33 - 0.71 9.50 - 13.20 15.60 Ni - - - 5.52 17.18 - 9.07 9.84 - 8.35 10.80 - 14.10 9.61 Rb - - - 216 228 - 155 174 - 109 89 - 96 150 Nb - - - 11.07 12.90 - 13.84 12.50 - 12.00 11.00 - 12.60 16.60 Ta - - - 1.66 2.74 - 1.40 1.96 - 1.60 1.55 - 1.23 1.84 Th - - - 24.15 26.12 - 21.49 28.20 - 17.20 11.90 - 9.49 19.50 Ba - - - 944.4 831.5 - 351.7 215.0 - 457.0 634.0 - 847.0 1024.0 Sr - - - 251.5 208.8 - 69.21 75.7 - 162.0 274.0 - 608.0 199.0 Zr - - - 164.9 172.6 - 151.2 83.5 - 136.0 191.0 - 248.0 292.0 Hf - - - 5.38 5.67 - 5.54 3.76 - 4.79 5.72 - 6.68 8.33 La - - - 32.0 45.4 - 6.9 21.9 - 37.4 31.1 - 39.5 49.2 Ce - - - 69.3 71.4 - 11.5 44.9 - 64.9 61.0 - 75.1 93.9 Pr - - - 6.91 10.10 - 1.51 4.70 - 9.10 6.50 - 9.08 11.20 Nd - - - 23.4 35.5 - 5.2 15.3 - 31.3 22.6 - 33.1 40.3 Sm - - - 3.95 6.70 - 1.03 2.65 - 4.94 3.84 - 5.71 6.70 Eu - - - 0.53 0.90 - 0.20 0.32 - 0.86 0.85 - 1.40 1.30 Gd - - - 3.20 5.52 - 1.27 2.07 - 3.60 3.22 - 4.20 5.12 Tb - - - 0.48 0.82 - 0.24 0.31 - 0.54 0.43 - 0.63 0.73 Dy - - - 2.66 4.37 - 1.94 1.74 - 2.67 2.23 - 3.30 3.77 Ho - - - 0.54 0.83 - 0.45 0.34 - 0.48 0.43 - 0.60 0.71 Er - - - 1.72 2.37 - 1.46 1.07 - 1.43 1.30 - 1.71 2.08 Tm - - - 0.28 0.37 - 0.26 0.20 - 0.21 0.20 - 0.26 0.32 Yb - - - 2.01 2.55 - 1.98 1.48 - 1.59 1.47 - 1.79 2.24 Lu - - - 0.29 0.37 - 0.31 0.21 - 0.24 0.22 - 0.26 0.34 Y - - - 15.6 22.8 - 13.8 10.0 - 12.8 11.6 - 16.9 20.3 ΣREE - - - 147.27 187.20 - 34.25 97.19 - 159.26 135.39 - 176.64 217.91 LREE - - - 136.09 170.00 - 26.34 89.77 - 148.50 125.89 - 163.89 202.60 HREE - - - 11.18 17.20 - 7.91 7.42 - 10.76 9.50 - 12.75 15.31 LREE/HREE - - - 12.17 9.88 - 3.33 12.10 - 13.80 13.24 - 12.85 13.23 δEu - - - 0.44 0.44 - 0.52 0.40 - 0.60 0.72 - 0.84 0.65 Nb/Ta - - - 6.67 4.71 - 9.89 6.38 - 7.50 7.10 - 10.24 9.02 （La/Yb）N - - - 11.42 12.78 - 2.52 10.62 - 16.88 15.18 - 15.84 15.76 （La/Sm）N - - - 5.23 4.37 - 4.36 5.34 - 4.89 5.23 - 4.47 5.56 （Gd/Yb）N - - - 1.32 1.79 - 0.53 1.16 - 1.87 1.81 - 1.94 1.89 TZr/℃ - - - 805 816 - 791 738 - 769 805 - 811 782 备注：主量元素含量单位为%，微量和稀土元素含量单位为10−6，其中标“-”表示未做该项分析，样品测试单位为湖北省地质实验测试中心；Mg#=100×Mg2+/（Mg2++Fe2+）
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