Diagenetic, evolutionary characteristics and hydrocarbon generation potential evaluation of tight sandstone reservoirs in Ansai oilfield: A case from the Chang 6 of Yanchang Formation at the Huaziping area
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摘要:
研究目的 鄂尔多斯盆地安塞油田长6储层的储集物性差，各类成岩作用在优质储层形成中的控制作用尚不清晰，限制了研究区优质储层的精准预测及剩余油分布规律预测。
研究方法 为解决这一问题，综合应用岩心、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、阴极发光、X射线衍射及高压压汞资料，对研究区延长组长6段储层的微观孔隙发育类型、孔喉结构特征和成岩作用类型进行了研究。
研究结果 研究结果显示，长6段岩石类型主要为细粒长石砂岩，含有少量极细粒岩屑长石砂岩，储集空间类型包括原生孔隙、次生孔隙和微裂缝，孔隙结构主要为中孔—细孔、微细喉道类型，总体上属于低孔—特低孔、低渗—特低渗储层。
结论 成岩演化阶段处于中成岩A期，压实作用和硅质胶结、碳酸盐岩胶结作用较强烈，这是导致储层致密的主要原因，溶蚀作用和绿泥石胶结作用一定程度上改善了储层物性。长6段原油与区域长7段暗色泥岩、泥页岩存在显著的地质关联，但生烃潜力有限，主要依赖于长7段烃源岩供烃，开发潜力受储层条件制约。
Abstract:Objective The Chang 6 reservoir at the Ansai oilfield of the Ordos Basin is one dense type, and the role of various types of diagenesis in the formation of high−quality reservoirs is not clear, However, there has been limited research on the diagenetic and its evolution history of this reservoir, which hampers the accurate prediction of the distribution of residual oil in the area.
Methods To address this problem, the data of core, casting sheet, scanning electron microscope, cathode luminescence, X−ray diffraction and high pressure mercury pressure were comprehensively studied on the microscopic pore development type, pore structure characteristic and diagenesis type of Chang 6 reservoir.
Results The research results show that the rock types are mainly fine−grained feldspar sandstone, containing a small amount of extremely fine−grained lithic feldspar sandstone. The reservoir space types include primary pores, secondary pores and micro−fractures, and the pore structure is mainly meso−fine pores and micro−fine pipes. In general, the reservoir belongs to the type of low porosity−ultra−low porosity, low permeability−ultra−low permeability.
Conclusions The diagenetic evolution stage is in the middle diagenetic stage A, which is formed by strong compaction and siliceous cementationand carbonate cementation, which is the main reason for low porosity and low permeability of the reservoir. To some extent, the corrosion and chlorite cementation improve the physical properties of the reservoir. The crude oil of the Chang 6 section has significant geological correlation with the dark mudstone and mud shale of the regional Chang 7 section, but the hydrocarbon potential is limited, and the development potential is constrained by the reservoir conditions as it mainly relies on the supply of hydrocarbons from its hydrocarbon source rock.
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Key words:
- tight reservoir /
- pores structure /
- diagenesis /
- Chang 6 /
- Ansai oilfiled /
- Ordos Basin
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表 1 研究区样品压汞参数
Table 1. Parameters of sample mercury pressure
样品号 层位 深度/m 排驱压力/MPa 中值压力/MPa 孔喉中值半径/μm 最大进汞饱和度/% 分选系数 歪度系数 孔隙度/% 渗透率/mD H500-214 长6 1207.52 2.313 11.171 0.067 69.0 0.06 1.9 11.861974 0.24 H500-315 长6 1243.13 0.879 3.721 0.202 73.2 0.18 1.5 0.108000 8.69 H500-303 长6 1241.93 1.322 6.589 0.114 67.0 0.11 1.9 9.110000 0.07 H500-292 长6 1215.32 2.754 16.864 0.045 60.4 0.05 2.3 10.172061 0.20 H500-232 长6 1209.32 1.657 10.836 0.069 67.0 0.08 2.0 9.375214 0.09 H500-262 长6 1212.32 1.289 6.178 0.121 68.9 0.11 1.8 10.953976 0.32 H500-334 长6 1245.03 1.183 8.852 0.085 69.2 0.12 2.2 11.599119 0.29 H151-2 长6 1312.1 1.068 14.404 0.004 54.2 5.30 1.5 2.437567 2.15 H62-5-1 长6 1326.2 0.495 14.404 0.067 77.5 3.10 1.7 8.972612 0.67 H62-5-3 长6 1242.3 0.486 14.404 0.051 74.4 3.30 1.7 7.855082 0.77 H500-366 长6 1248.23 5.,618 15.225 0.049 73.4 0.02 1.8 5.120166 0.00 H500-222 长6 1208.22 4.124 16.221 0.046 65.7 0.04 1.7 5.461997 0.01 
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表 2 碎屑岩成岩阶段划分标准（SY/T5477—2003）
Table 2. The division of diagenetic stages in clastic rocks
成岩阶段 同生阶段 早成岩阶段 中成岩阶段 晚成岩阶段 A期 B期 A期 B期 古地温/℃ 常温 常温~65 65~85 85~140 140~170 170~200 Ro/% / <0.35 0.35~0.50 0.50~1.30 1.30~2.00 2.00~4.00 I/S中的S/% / >70 70~50 50~15 <15 消失 颗粒接触关系 / 点状 点-线状 点-线状 线-缝合线状 线-缝合线状 自生碳酸盐矿物 泥晶 微晶 亮晶 含铁碳酸岩 含铁碳酸岩 含铁碳酸岩 自生石英 / 未见 Ⅰ级加大 Ⅱ级加大 Ⅲ级加大 Ⅳ级加大 自生粘土矿物 / 蒙脱石
绿泥石膜蒙脱石、高岭石、
伊/蒙混层伊/蒙混层、伊利石、高岭石、绿泥石，
部分可见方沸石、片沸石等伊/蒙混层
伊利石
绿泥石
浊沸石
方沸石伊利石
绿泥石孔隙 原生孔 原生粒间孔 原生孔 次生孔 裂缝 缝合线 注：古地温中的常温一般指20℃
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