Lithosphere structure of Duobaoshan ore concentration area, Heilongjiang: Results of deep seismic reflection and magnetotelluric detection in Sunwu-Jinsong corridor belt
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摘要:
探测造山带岩石圈精细结构，是探讨造山与成矿作用最有效的手段。2019年，在黑龙江省西北部孙吴−劲松廊带域，中国地质科学院完成了一条横跨黑河−贺根山缝合带北段和多宝山矿集区北西—南东向185 km长的深地震反射剖面，以及5条总计174点的大地电磁测深（宽频、音频）剖面。结果显示，多宝山矿集区的莫霍面深度在33 km(TWT 11 s)左右，呈现断续可追踪形态，其东侧中、下地壳识别出一套向西倾斜并延伸至上地幔的反射体，其倾角约为25°，推断为嫩江洋俯冲遗迹。在多宝山矿集区的西侧识别出整体向东倾斜的壳幔反射特征，表明蒙古−鄂霍茨克构造域影响范围已至黑河−贺根山缝合带。多宝山矿集区上地壳围限于卧都河—罕达汽之间的“V”形构造带中，中下地壳垂向上发育一系列长10 km左右的强反射层，解释为残留的岩浆通道。多宝山矿集区下地壳的高导体可延伸至地幔，与其上高导异常C4呈蘑菇云状展布，并与矿床的位置在空间上存在一致性，指示了幔源物质的侵入。近地表速度结构整体速度变化在1900~6100 m/s之间，高速体界面起伏较大且埋深较浅，是寻找隐伏金矿的有利区域，铜山铜矿和多宝山铜矿的斑岩岩体虽被隐伏断裂阻隔，但在深部相连，地下2000 m以内仍有很好的资源潜力。本项调查研究将浅层矿床分布与岩石圈结构联系起来，为深入研究与古老地壳缝合带与复合造山作用相联系的多宝山矿集区的地质背景提供了新视野。
Abstract:Detecting the fine structure of lithosphere in orogenic belt is the most effective means to explore orogeny and mineralisation. In 2019, the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences completed a 185−km−long deep seismic reflection profile from northwest to southeast, and five magnetotelluric sounding (broadband and audio) profiles with a total of 174 points in the Sungwu−Jinsong corridor belt in northwestern Heilongjiang Province. The results show that the depth of the Moho in the Duobaoshan ore concentration area is about 33 km (Two way traveltime 11s), showing an intermittent and traceable pattern. A set of subduction relict are identified in the middle and lower crust on the east side of the area, which shows that it is a reflection body that inclinates to the west and extends to the upper mantle, with a dip angle of 25 degrees, and is inferred to be the subduction relict of the Nenjiang Ocean. The characteristics of crust−mantle reflection are identified in the west side of the Duobaoshan ore concentration area, which is generally inclined to the east. It is indicated that the influence of the Mongolia−Okhotsk structure has reached the Heihe−Hegenshan suture. The upper crust of the Duobaoshan ore concentration area is confined to the "V" tectonic belt between Woduhe−Handaqi, and a series of strong reflection layers around 10 km in length are developed vertically in the middle and lower crust, which is interpreted as a residual magma channel. The high conductor in the lower crust of the Duobaoshan ore concentration area can extend to the mantle, and its high−conductivity anomaly C4 on it is distributed in the form of a mushroom cloud, and is spatially consistent with the location of the ore deposits, which indicates the intrusion of mantle−sourced materials. The overall velocity of the near−surface velocity structure of the Duobaoshan ore concentration area varies from 1900 m/s to 6100 m/s, and the high velocity body interface has a large undulation and a shallow depth, which is a favourable area for searching for concealed gold mines. Although the porphyry bodies of the Tongshan copper mine and the Duobaoshan copper mine are blocked by hidden faults, they are connected at deep depth, and there is still good resource potential within 2000 m underground. This study links the distribution of shallow deposits with the lithospheric structure, and provides a new vision for further study of the geological background of the Duobaoshan ore concentration area connected with the ancient crustal suture and the composite orogenic belt.
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图 8 孙吴-劲松深地震反射剖面和电性结构剖面叠合图（区域C1、C2和C3为疑似地幔物质上涌区域，地幔物质上涌过程中进一步带来热量，促进浅层岩体进一步熔融分异，促使成矿元素富集）
Figure 8.
表 1 深地震反射数据处理技术流程及参数
Table 1. Technical flow and parameters of deep seismic reflection data processing
输入SEG-D数据并输出SEG-Y数据 定义二维观测系统，CMP间距为25 m 道编辑 ，剔除异常道 处理长度，20 s
带通滤波，6~10~44~50 Hz（浅层）、2~4~24~30 Hz（深层）单炮数据全偏移距初至波拾取 层析静校正，替换速度为4500 m/s，基准面高程为750 m 球面扩散补偿、几何扩散补偿和地表一致性振幅校正 叠前多域（f-x域和f-k）噪音衰减 地表一致性预测反褶积，算子长度200 ms 速度分析，间隔40 CMP 剩余静校正，大校正量剩余静校正、自动剩余静校正，5次 高阶动校正，手工切除 叠前时间偏移，克希霍夫偏移，偏移孔径10000 m、偏移角度45° 叠后显示，自动增益 
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