-
摘要:
研究目的 锂作为一种具有战略价值的新兴关键金属矿产，近年来越发受到世界各国的广泛关注。本文分析中国锂资源供需现状及保障程度，为保障中国锂资源安全提供依据。
研究方法 本次研究全面梳理了中国锂资源的特征、勘查研究进展和开发利用情况，结合国内锂资源供给与需求形势、进出口情况，分析了中国锂资源供需现状、未来需求和保障程度，并就当前勘查形势提出建议。
研究结果 总的来说，当前中国锂资源相当丰富，近年来随着勘查程度的不断加大，锂资源储量得以提升，但锂资源禀赋较差，部分优质锂资源未得到充分开发利用。近年来随着新能源汽车行业的迅猛发展，作为全球第一大锂资源消费国和重要的锂产品生产国，国内锂资源供给与需求快速增长。中国长期依赖国外进口锂矿，对外依存度较高，供应体系面临一定风险，保障形势较严峻，同时锂产业链仍存在产业秩序不规范、回收体系不完备等问题。
结论 未来需加强科技创新，注重上游资源向下游高端产品的应用转化，优化锂产业链布局，加强国内勘查开发力度，将重心放在国内市场，同时国际市场依然不能放弃，实现国内国际市场协同开发。
Abstract:Objective Lithium, an emerging key metal mineral of strategic value, has garnered increasing attention from countries worldwide in recent years. This paper aims to analyze the supply−demand situation and guarantee degree of lithium resources in China, with the goal of ensuring the secure supply of lithium resources in the country.
Methods This study undertakes a comprehensive and systematic collation of the inherent characteristics of lithium resources in China, the advancements in exploration and research endeavors, as well as the development and utilization status of lithium resources. By integrating and meticulously analyzing the domestic supply−demand dynamics of lithium resources, along with the import−export scenarios, it delves into the current supply−demand configuration, future demand projections, and the degree of resource security assurance. Based on this in - depth analysis, targeted suggestions are proffered to address the existing situation, aiming to provide practical guidance for policy−making and industrial development.
Results Overall, China currently possesses a relatively abundant reserve of lithium resources. With the continuous intensification of exploration activities in recent years, the proven lithium resource reserves in China have witnessed a notable expansion. Nevertheless, the endowment of lithium resources in China exhibits certain deficiencies. Specifically, some high - quality lithium resources remain under - explored and under−utilized, mainly due to technological constraints and complex geological conditions. In recent years, propelled by the burgeoning development of the new−energy vehicle industry, as the world’s largest consumer of lithium resources and a significant producer of lithium−based products, the domestic supply and demand of lithium resources have experienced a rapid upsurge. China has long been highly dependent on imported lithium ore, with a high degree of external reliance. This situation exposes the domestic supply system to certain risks, and the resource security guarantee situation is rather grave. Additionally, the lithium industry chain is plagued by issues such as an unregulated industrial order, which is manifested in price fluctuations and unfair competition, and an incomplete recycling system, leading to inefficient resource utilization and environmental concerns.
Conclusions Looking ahead, it is imperative to prioritize scientific and technological innovation. This involves not only focusing on the transformation from upstream resource acquisition to downstream high−end product applications but also optimizing the spatial and industrial layout of the lithium industry chain. Strengthening domestic exploration and development efforts is crucial, with an emphasis on the domestic market. However, the international market should not be overlooked. A coordinated development model between the domestic and international markets is essential to achieve long−term stability and sustainable development of the lithium resource - related industries. This requires the joint efforts of the government, enterprises, and research institutions to formulate and implement effective policies and strategies.
-
Key words:
- resource reserve /
- lithium deposit /
- yield /
- current supply and demand situation /
- degree of guarantee
-
-
图 5 2023年中国碳酸锂产量与消费量对比及电池级碳酸锂价格走势（据我的钢铁网，2023；华福证券研究所，2024）
Figure 5.
图 6 2015—2022年中国碳酸锂表观消费量与产量及对外依存度走势（据中国有色金属工业协会锂业分会，2023）
Figure 6.
图 7 中国碳酸锂产量与消费量相关关系（据中国有色金属工业协会锂业分会，2023）
Figure 7.
表 1 2022年全国锂储量分布（据自然资源部，2023a）
Table 1. Distribution of national lithium reserves in 2022
省份 储量/104 t 全国占比 江西 255.24 40.18% 青海 186.61 29.37% 四川 135.03 21.26% 西藏 56.29 8.86% 河南 1.15 0.18% 新疆 0.95 0.15% 合计 635.27 100% 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 主要提锂工艺对比（据张秀峰等，2020；张亮等，2020；郑绵平等，2023）
Table 2. Comparison of main lithium extraction processes
提锂工艺 主要流程 优缺点 矿石提锂 硫酸法 锂精矿→焙烧→硫酸化焙烧→浸出→沉淀过滤→碳酸锂产品 工艺流程易控制，锂回收率高、产品质量可靠，能耗较高 石灰石焙烧法 锂精矿+石灰石→焙烧→浸出→过滤洗涤→蒸发结晶→碳酸锂产品或氢氧化锂产品 流程简单，设备腐蚀小，原料来源广，锂回收率较低，物料流通量大，经济效益较差 硫酸盐焙烧法 锂精矿+石灰石→焙烧→酸浸→过滤→除杂→沉淀→碳酸锂产品 锂回收率较高，生产成本较高 氯化法 锂精矿+氯化剂→焙烧→浸出→浓缩除杂→沉淀→碳酸锂产品 流程简单，锂回收率较高，炉气腐蚀性强、对设备要求高 卤水提锂 膜分离法 使用各类型的滤膜将卤水中的杂质过滤，然后富集沉淀锂 步骤简单，锂分离效率高，但对滤膜要求高，生产成本较高，工艺成熟度不高 吸附法 通过选择性吸附分离富集锂，再浓缩沉淀锂 常与膜法结合使用提升锂浓度，适用于各类卤水，成本低且回收率高，但工艺要求高、成本高 萃取法 通过有机溶剂萃取锂实现锂与其他杂质成分的分离和浓缩 适用于低锂含量的卤水，尤其是高镁锂比类型的卤水，但此法对设备腐蚀较强，成本高 盐梯度太阳池法 卤水经蒸发沉淀过滤杂质富集锂 适用高锂含量、低镁锂比类型的盐湖，技术成熟、工艺简单且成本低廉，生产周期长，对于盐湖禀赋要求高
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] Ai G H, Qiu Y H. 2023. Process mineralogy research on a lithium clay in Liuzhi area of Guizhou province[J]. Mining and Metallurgy, 32(5): 122−129(in Chinese with English abstract).
[2] Bai Z H, Lin H, Li S P, et al. 2018. Characteristics and genesis analysis of pegmatite type lithium-polymetallic deposit in the Caolong area of the northern segment of the Sanjiang belt, Qinghai[J]. Journal of Qinghai University, 36(4): 86−93(in Chinese with English abstract).
[3] Chen H X, Yan H, Sun Y L, et al. 2024. Research progress of lithium resource extraction technology[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 56(1): 9−22(in Chinese with English abstract).
[4] Chen Q, Shu L W, He L, et al. 2022. Distribution characteristics of lithium mineral resources in Jiangxi and discussion of the future research emphases[J]. Mineral Resources and Geology, 36(2): 234−241(in Chinese with English abstract).
[5] Chen X Y, Wu J H, Tang W X, et al. 2023. Newly Found Giant Granite-Associated Lithium Resources in the Western Jiangxi Province, South China[J]. Earth Science, 48(10): 3957−3960(in Chinese with English abstract).
[6] Dai H Z, Wang D H, Liu S B, et al. 2021. Newly discovered euxenite and polycrase in the Jiada pegmatite-type lithium deposit, Ke’eryin lithium ore field, and its geological significance[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica-English Edition, 95(5): 1782−1783. doi: 10.1111/1755-6724.14756
[7] Dai H Z, Wang D H, Liu S B, et al. 2023. New progress in lithium prospecting abroad(2019−2021) and its significance to China’s strategic mining resources exploration[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 97(2): 583−595(in Chinese with English abstract).
[8] Han J H, Mie Z, Fang C H, et al. 2021. Analysis of existing circumstance of supply and demand on China’s lithium resources[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, (9): 28−29(in Chinese with English abstract).
[9] Li J K, Liu X F, Wang D H. 2014. The metallogenetic regularity of lithium deposit in China[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 88(12): 2269−2283(in Chinese with English abstract).
[10] Li S P, Pan T, Wang B Z, et al. 2021. Characteristics and tectonic significance of Beryl-bearing pegmatites in Qiemoge Mountain, northern margin of Qaidam Basin[J]. Geotectonica et Metallogenia, 45(3): 608−619(in Chinese with English abstract).
[11] Li W F, Li S P, Wang B Z, et al. 2021. Discovery of the (Beryl-bearing) spodumene pegmatite in the Caolong area in the Sanjiang northern segment in Qinghai: Implications for Li-Be mineralization[J]. Geotectonica et Metallogenia, 47(4): 895−913(in Chinese with English abstract).
[12] Li X, Dai H Z, Wang D H, et al. 2022. Geochronological and geochemical constraints on magmatic evolution and mineralization of the northeast Ke’eryin pluton and the newly discovered Jiada pegmatite-type lithium deposit, Western China[J]. Ore Geology Reviews, 150: 105164. doi: 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2022.105164
[13] Liu S, Wang S L, Xing X L, et al. 2019. Distribution, types and prospecting potential of lithium deposits in Jiangxi Province[J]. Resources Environment & Engineering, 33(2): 195−198, 207(in Chinese with English abstract).
[14] Liu X, Wang C L, Liu X L, et al. 2024. Main types, distribution, development and utilization of lithium deposits in China[J]. Geology in China, 51(3): 811−832(in Chinese with English abstract).
[15] Pan T, Chen J Z, Ding C W, et al. 2023. Occurrence characteristics of lithium rare light metal clay-type deposits in Balunmahai Basin of Qaidam Basin[J]. Gold Science and Technology, 31(3): 359−377(in Chinese with English abstract).
[16] Pan T, Chen J Z, He M Y, et al. 2023. Characterization and resource potential of Li in the clay minerals of Mahai Salt Lake in the Qaidam Basin, China[J]. Sustainability, 15(19): 14067. doi: 10.3390/su151914067
[17] Pan T, Li S P, Wang T, et al. 2022. Metallogenic characteristics and prospecting potential of lithium deposits in the Qinghai Province[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 96(5): 1827−1854 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[18] Sun W L, Zhao Z D, Muo X X, et al. 2023. Geochemistry and geochronology of columbite-tantalite group minerals from the Chakabeishan pegmatite-type Li-Be deposit, North Qaidam Tectonic Belt[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 39(11): 3417−3433(in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.18654/1000-0569/2023.11.12
[19] Tang Y, Wang J, Chu Y, et al. 2023. Lithium resource situation and countermeasures under New Energy Development Strategy[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, (6): 71−76(in Chinese with English abstract).
[20] USGS. 2024. Mineral Commodity Summaries [EB/OL]. (2024-02-16) [2024-02-28]. https://www.usgs.gov/centers/national-minerals-information-center/lithium-statistics-and-information.
[21] Wang D H, Chen Y C, Jiang B, et al. 2020. Preliminary study on the Triassic continental mineralization system in China[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 27(2): 45−59(in Chinese with English abstract).
[22] Wang D H, Dai H Z, Liu S B, et al. 2020. Research and exploration progress on lithium deposits in China[J]. China Geology, 3(1): 137−152. doi: 10.31035/cg2020018
[23] Wang D H, Dai H Z, Liu S B, et al. 2022. New progress and trend in ten aspects of lithium exploration practice and theoretical research in China in the past decade[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 28(5): 743−764(in Chinese with English abstract).
[24] Wang D H, Dai H Z, Liu S B, et al. 2024. The “multi-cycle, deep circulation, integration of internal and external” theory of lithium deposits and its prospecting applications in China[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 98(03): 889−897(in Chinese with English abstract).
[25] Wang D H, Liu L J, Hou J L, et al. 2017a. A preliminary review of the application of “Five levels+Basement” model for Jiajika-style rare metal deposits[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 24(5): 1−7(in Chinese with English abstract).
[26] Wang D H, Liu S B, Wang C H, et al. 2023a. Review on the progress of prospecting for three types of rare mineral resources in China and suggestions for the new round of prospecting[J]. Geological Survey of China, 4(5): 1−8(in Chinese with English abstract).
[27] Wang D H, Wang C H, Sun Y, et al. 2017b. New progresses and discussion on the survey and research of Li, Be, Ta ore deposits in China[J]. Geological Survey of China, 4(5): 1−8(in Chinese with English abstract).
[28] Wang D H, Wang R J, Fu X F, et al. 2016. A discussion on the major problems related to geological investigation and assessment for energy metal resources base: A case study of the Jiajika Large Lithium Mineral Resource Base[J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 37(4): 471−480(in Chinese with English abstract).
[29] Wang H, Huang L, Bai H Y, et al. 2022. Types, distribution, development and utilization of lithium mineral resources in China: Review and perspective[J]. Geotectonica et Metallogenia, 46(5): 848−866(in Chinese with English abstract).
[30] Wei X Z, Bai D, Qian J L, et al. 2023. Analysis and research on supply safety of lithium mine in China based on the background of “Lipek”[J]. Modern Mining, 39(10): 4−8(in Chinese with English abstract).
[31] Wu Q, Liu X F, Zheng M P, et al. 2017. Present situation, existing problems and countermeasures of development of salt lake lithium resources in China[J]. Modern Chemical Industry, 37(5): 1−5(in Chinese with English abstract).
[32] Xing K, Zhu Q, Ren J P, et al. 2023. Research on the characteristics and market development trend of global lithium resources[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 42(8): 1402−1421(in Chinese with English abstract).
[33] Xue J, Hu S Y. 2011. Review on lithium industry in China[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 30(4): 782−787, 801(in Chinese with English abstract).
[34] Yu X C, Liu C L, Wang C L, et al. 2022. Genesis of lithium brine deposits in the Jianghan Basin and progress in resource exploration: A review[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 29(1): 107−123(in Chinese with English abstract).
[35] Yuan X J, Ma Z, Li J W, et al. 2019. Forecast and suggestions of lithium resources demand for new energy vehicles in China[J]. China Mining Magazine, 28(8): 61−65(in Chinese with English abstract).
[36] Zhang L, Yang H P, Liu L, et al. 2020. Global technology trends of lithium extraction[J]. Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources, 40(5): 24−31(in Chinese with English abstract).
[37] Zhang X F, Tan X M, Liu W Z, et al. 2020. Current status and research progress of lithium extraction technology from ore[J]. Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources, 40(5): 17−23(in Chinese with English abstract).
[38] Zhang Z N, Zhang Z Z, Wu Q, et al. 2020. Chinese lithium mineral resource demand forecast[J]. China Mining Magazine, 29(7): 9−15(in Chinese with English abstract).
[39] Zheng M G, Liu L Z, Yu M, et al. 2024. Lithium resources safety assessment and early warning of China[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 43(2/3): 197−205(in Chinese with English abstract).
[40] Zheng M G, Yu M, Fan Q R, et al. 2023. China’s lithium carbonate demand forecast 2025-2035——A combined model based on grey correlation analysis and the ARIMA-GM-BP neural network[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 38(4): 377−387(in Chinese with English abstract).
[41] Zheng M P, Xing E Y, Zhang X F, et al. 2023. Classification and mineralization of global lithium deposits and lithium extraction technologies for exogenetic lithium deposits[J]. Geology in China, 50(6): 1599−1620(in Chinese with English abstract).
[42] 艾光华, 邱永宏. 2023. 贵州省六枝地区某黏土型锂矿物的工艺矿物学研究[J]. 矿冶, 32(5): 122−129. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-7854.2023.05.018
[43] 白宗海, 林浩, 李善平, 等. 2018. 青海三江北段草陇伟晶岩型锂多金属矿特征及成因分析[J]. 青海大学学报, 36(4): 86−93.
[44] 陈海霞, 严红, 孙云龙, 等. 2024. 锂资源提取技术研究进展[J]. 无机盐工业, 56(1): 9−22.
[45] 陈祺, 舒立旻, 贺玲, 等. 2022. 江西省锂矿资源分布特征及其研究工作展望[J]. 矿产与地质, 36(2): 234−241.
[46] 陈祥云, 吴俊华, 唐维新, 等. 2023. 赣西地区新探明巨量花岗岩型锂矿资源[J]. 地球科学, 48(10): 3957−3960.
[47] 程云茂, 翟鑫, 李伟清, 等. 2024. 云南安宁地区碳酸盐黏土型锂矿找矿取得重大突破[J]. 矿产勘查, 15(1): 161−163.
[48] 崔晓林. 2017. 中国锂矿资源需求预测及供需分析[D]. 中国地质大学(北京)硕士学位论文: 8-15.
[49] 代鸿章, 王登红, 刘善宝, 等. 2023. 国外锂矿找矿新进展(2019—2021年)及对我国战略性矿产勘查的启示[J]. 地质学报, 97(2): 583−595. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-5717.2023.02.019
[50] 第一财经日报. 2023. 碳酸锂价格“没底”过剩产能持续出清[EB/OL]. (2023-12-22) [2024-02-18]. https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1785938424964533050&wfr=spider&for=pc.
[51] 福建省工业和信息化厅. 将乐县发现锂多金属矿[EB/OL]. (2024-05-16) [2024-05-18]. https://gxt.fujian.gov.cn/zwgk/xw/hydt/snhydt/202405/t20240513_6447862.htm.
[52] 郭志锋, 谈成龙, 戴定. 2017. 锂——世界矿业发展新焦点[J]. 中国核工业, (9): 28−29. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-8282.2017.09.014
[53] 国际能源署. 2021. 2022年可持续发展报告[R].
[54] 韩佳欢, 乜贞, 方朝合, 等. 2021. 中国锂资源供需现状分析[J]. 无机盐工业, 53(12): 61−66.
[55] 黑龙江省人民政府. 2023. 从无到有黑龙江省稀有金属勘探取得重大突破[EB/OL]. (2023-05-24) [2024-05-18]. https://www.hlj.gov.cn/hlj/c107856/202305/c00_31634097.shtml.
[56] 华福证券研究所. 2024. 锂产业链月度追踪报告[R].
[57] 华泰期货研究院. 2024. 2024年3月江西碳酸锂调研报告[R].
[58] 华西证券研究所. 2024. 全球锂资源企业经营近况总结[R].
[59] 李建康, 刘喜方, 王登红. 2014. 中国锂矿成矿规律概要[J]. 地质学报, 88(12): 2269−2283.
[60] 李善平, 潘彤, 王秉璋, 等. 2021. 柴达木盆地北缘锲墨格山含绿柱石花岗伟晶岩特征及构造意义[J]. 大地构造与成矿学, 45(3): 608−619.
[61] 李五福, 李善平, 王秉璋, 等. 2021. 青海三江北段草陇(绿柱石-)锂辉石花岗伟晶岩的发现及其Li-Be找矿意义[J]. 大地构造与成矿学, 47(4): 895−913.
[62] 刘爽, 王水龙, 邢新龙, 等. 2019. 江西省锂矿资源分布、矿床类型及找矿前景[J]. 资源环境与工程, 33(2): 195−198, 207.
[63] 刘雪, 王春连, 刘学龙, 等. 2024. 中国锂矿床主要类型特征、分布情况及开发利用现状[J]. 中国地质, 51(3): 811−832. doi: 10.12029/gc20230523002
[64] 绵竹市融媒体中心. 2024. 年产3万吨锂盐项目将于今年年底启动投料试生产[EB/OL]. (2024-05-14) [2024-05-18]. http://www.mztoday.gov.cn/show/74015.html.
[65] 潘彤, 陈建洲, 丁成旺, 等. 2023. 柴达木巴伦马海盆地锂稀有轻金属黏土型矿赋存特征[J]. 黄金科学技术, 31(3): 359−377.
[66] 潘彤, 李善平, 王涛, 等. 2022. 青海锂矿成矿特征及找矿潜力[J]. 地质学报, 96(5): 1827−1854. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-5717.2022.05.020
[67] 青海日报. 2022. “锂”足优势, “锂”解未来[EB/OL]. (2022-07-25) [2024-05-18]. https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1739281811828477933&wfr=spider&for=pc.
[68] 四川省自然资源厅. 2023a. 四川金川县李家沟北锂矿勘查区块探矿权挂牌出让结果公示[EB/OL]. (2023-08-11) [2024-05-18]. https://ky.mnr.gov.cn/jggs/jjgs/202308/t20230812_8563586.htm.
[69] 四川省自然资源厅. 2023b. 四川省马尔康市加达锂矿勘查区块探矿权挂牌出让结果公示[EB/OL]. (2023-08-16) [2024-05-18]. https://ky.mnr.gov.cn/jggs/jjgs/202308/t20230817_8564387.htm.
[70] 孙文礼, 赵志丹, 莫宣学, 等. 2023. 柴北缘茶卡北山伟晶岩型锂铍矿床铌钽铁矿年代学与地球化学[J]. 岩石学报, 39(11): 3417−3433. doi: 10.18654/1000-0569/2023.11.12
[71] 唐珏, 王俊, 储瑶, 等. 2023. 新能源发展战略下锂资源形势与对策[J]. 矿产综合利用, (6): 71−76. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2023.06.011
[72] 王登红, 陈毓川, 江彪, 等. 2020. 中国三叠纪大陆成矿体系[J]. 地学前缘, 27(2): 45−59.
[73] 王登红, 代鸿章, 刘善宝, 等. 2022. 中国锂矿十年来勘查实践和理论研究的十个方面新进展新趋势[J]. 地质力学学报, 28(5): 743−764. doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.20222811
[74] 王登红, 代鸿章, 刘善宝, 等. 2024. 中国锂矿的多旋回深循环内外生一体化成矿理论及其找矿应用[J]. 地质学报, 98(3): 889−897.
[75] 王登红, 刘善宝, 王成辉, 等. 2023a. 我国三稀矿产找矿进展述评与新一轮找矿建议[J]. 中国地质调查, 10(5): 1−8.
[76] 王登红, 代鸿章, 孙艳, 等. 2023b. 锂能源金属矿产深部探测理论与实践[M]. 北京: 地质出版社: 1-479.
[77] 王登红, 付小方. 2013. 四川甲基卡外围锂矿找矿取得突破[J]. 岩矿测试, 32(6): 987−987. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0254-5357.2013.06.023
[78] 王登红, 刘丽君, 侯江龙, 等. 2017a. 初论甲基卡式稀有金属矿床“五层楼+地下室”勘查模型[J]. 地学前缘, 24(5): 1−7.
[79] 王登红, 王成辉, 孙艳, 等. 2017b. 我国锂铍钽矿床调查研究进展及相关问题简述[J]. 中国地质调查, 4(5): 1−8.
[80] 王登红, 王瑞江, 付小方, 等. 2016. 对能源金属矿产资源基地调查评价基本问题的探讨——以四川甲基卡大型锂矿基地为例[J]. 地球学报, 37(4): 471−480. doi: 10.3975/cagsb.2016.04.09
[81] 王核, 黄亮, 白洪阳, 等. 2022. 中国锂资源的主要类型、分布和开发利用现状: 评述和展望[J]. 大地构造与成矿学, 46(5): 848−866.
[82] 魏汐竹, 白栋, 钱建利, 等. 2023. 基于“锂佩克”背景下中国锂矿供应安全分析研究[J]. 现代矿业, 39(10): 4−8. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6082.2023.10.002
[83] 我的钢铁网. 2023. 电池级碳酸锂价格走势[EB/OL]. (2023-12-31) [2024-04-16]. https://li.mysteel.com/.
[84] 伍倩, 刘喜方, 郑绵平, 等. 2017. 我国盐湖锂资源开发现状、存在问题及对策[J]. 现代化工, 37(5): 1−5.
[85] 新疆维吾尔族自治区自然资源厅. 2024a. 2024年新疆维吾尔自治区和田县大红柳滩外围龙门山锂矿勘查等2宗探矿权挂牌出让结果公示[EB/OL]. (2024-03-15) [2024-05-18]. https://ky.mnr.gov.cn/jggs/jjgs/202403/t20240316_8802177.htm.
[86] 新疆维吾尔族自治区自然资源厅. 2024b. 新疆维吾尔自治区和田县甜水海锂矿勘查探矿权挂牌出让结果公示[EB/OL]. (2024-03-12) [2024-04-16]. https://ky.mnr.gov.cn/jggs/jjgs/202403/t20240313_8778385.htm.
[87] 新疆维吾尔族自治区自然资源厅. 2024c. 新疆维吾尔自治区若羌县瓦石峡南锂矿勘查探矿权挂牌出让公告[EB/OL]. (2024-01-17) [2024-04-16]. https://ky.mnr.gov.cn/kyqcrgg/tkq/202401/t20240117_8731549.htm.
[88] 邢凯, 朱清, 任军平, 等. 2023. 全球锂资源特征及市场发展态势分析[J]. 地质通报, 42(8): 1402−1421. doi: 10.12097/j.issn.1671-2552.2023.08.012
[89] 雪晶, 胡山鹰. 2011. 我国锂工业现状及前景分析[J]. 化工进展, 30(4): 782−787, 801.
[90] 盐湖股份. 2024. 逐“新”攀高的蓝科锂业公司[EB/OL]. (2024-03-29) [2024-05-18]. https://caifuhao.eastmoney.com/news/20240329091210757529160.
[91] 余小灿, 刘成林, 王春连, 等. 2022. 江汉盆地大型富锂卤水矿床成因与资源勘查进展: 综述[J]. 地学前缘, 29(1): 107−123.
[92] 袁小晶, 马哲, 李建武. 2019. 中国新能源汽车产业锂资源需求预测及建议[J]. 中国矿业, 28(8): 61−65. doi: 10.12075/j.issn.1004-4051.2019.08.030
[93] 云南省自然资源厅. 2023a. 云南省昆明市安宁鸣矣河雁塔村锂矿勘查探矿权出让结果公示[EB/OL]. (2023-10-18) [2024-04-16]. https://dnr.yn.gov.cn/html/2023/jieguogongshi_1018/43377.html.
[94] 云南省自然资源厅. 2023b. 云南省玉溪市安化锂矿勘查探矿权出让结果公示[EB/OL]. (2023-10-18) [2024-04-16]. https://dnr.yn.gov.cn/html/2023/jieguogongshi_1018/43376.html.
[95] 张亮, 杨卉芃, 柳林, 等. 2020. 全球提锂技术进展[J]. 矿产保护与利用, 40(5): 24−31.
[96] 张秀峰, 谭秀民, 刘维燥, 等. 2020. 矿石提锂技术现状与研究进展[J]. 矿产保护与利用, 40(5): 17−23.
[97] 张泽南, 张照志, 吴晴, 等. 2020. 中国锂矿资源需求预测[J]. 中国矿业, 29(7): 9−15. doi: 10.12075/j.issn.1004-4051.2020.07.006
[98] 赵婷. 2021. 锂矿山地表微生物多样性和耐锂菌株筛选[D]. 南京大学硕士学位论文: 18-25.
[99] 郑绵平, 邢恩袁, 张雪飞. 2023. 全球锂矿床的分类、外生锂矿成矿作用与提取技术[J]. 中国地质, 50(6): 1599−1620. doi: 10.12029/gc20231025002
[100] 郑明贵, 刘丽珍, 于明, 等. 2024. 中国锂资源安全评估与预警[J]. 地质通报, 43(2/3): 197−205.
[101] 郑明贵, 于明, 范秋蓉, 等. 2023. 中国2025—2035年碳酸锂需求预测——基于灰色关联分析和ARIMA-GM-BP神经网络的组合模型[J]. 地球科学进展, 38(4): 377−387.
[102] 中国矿业报. 2024. 中国地质学会2023年度地质科技重要进展、地质找矿重大成果评点[EB/OL]. (2024-04-01) [2024-04-16]. https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/HhZzOEVzCBhg5-BQuqywSA.
[103] 中国汽车工业协会. 2024. 2023年新能源汽车产销情况[EB/OL]. (2024-01-11) [2024-04-16]. http://www.caam.org.cn/tjsj.
[104] 中国青年报. 2021. 中国规模最大卤水提锂项目进入试产阶段[EB/OL]. (2021-08-18) [2024-04-16]. https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1708394390698425123&wfr=spider&for=pc.
[105] 中国有色金属工业协会锂业分会. 2023. 锂盐产品产量、消费量数据[EB/OL]. (2023-04-08) [2024-02-21]. https://www.chinania.org.cn/.
[106] 中国有色金属工业协会锂业分会. 2024. 锂盐产品产量、消费量数据[EB/OL]. (2024-01-22)[2024-05-10]. https://www.chinania.org.cn.
[107] 中国政府网. 2017. 汽车产业中长期发展规划[EB/OL]. (2017-04-06) [2024-01-08]. https://www.gov.cn/gongbao/content/2017/content_5230289.htm.
[108] 中国自然资源报. 2024. 打开江汉盆地卤水矿产聚宝盆[EB/OL]. (2024-03-11) [2024-04-18]. https://www.iziran.net/news.html?aid=5304285.
[109] 自然资源部. 2023a. 全国矿产资源储量统计表[EB/OL]. (2023-06-16) [2024-01-06]. https://www.mnr.gov.cn/sj/sjfw/kc_19263/kczycltjb/.
[110] 自然资源部. 2023b. 中国矿产资源报告[EB/OL]. (2023-10-30) [2024-01-06]. https://www.mnr.gov.cn/sj/sjfw/kc_19263/zgkczybg/.
[111] 自然资源部. 2024. 2023年全国非油气地质勘查统计年报[EB/OL]. (2024-05-07) [2024-05-17]. https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/DkpabDBL80qblhcNgUBOvQ.
-
图(7)
表(2)
计量
- 文章访问数: 72
- PDF下载数: 149
- 施引文献: 0