Analysis of oil and gas accumulation periods in the Permian system in the central Ordos Basin: A case study of Shanxi-Shihezi Formation in Wuqi area
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摘要:
研究目的 伊陕斜坡是鄂尔多斯盆地重要的含油气区，油气成藏时期划分对于揭示油气的赋存规律和指导勘探开发具有重要意义。
研究方法 通过对鄂尔多斯盆地吴起地区山西组−石盒子组的流体包裹体均一温度测定，结合岩石学特征和热演化史研究，确定油气充注时序。
研究结果 镜下观察结果表明，研究区山西组−石盒子组储层早期流体包裹体主要分布在石英颗粒微裂隙中及石英加大边，晚期流体包裹体主要分布在方解石胶结物。通过测试得出包裹体均一温度分布连续，早期均一温度峰值主要分布在110~120℃，晚期均一温度峰值主要分布在140~150℃。
结论 结合成岩作用与热演化史分析，可得出存在2个主要油气充注期：第一期油气充注为晚三叠世—早侏罗世（212~195 Ma），储层在早成岩B期，该时期煤系地层热演化达到成熟阶段，此时以溶蚀和交代作用为主；第二期油气充注在晚侏罗世—早白垩世（155~130 Ma），储层在中成岩A期，成岩作用以钙质胶结物溶蚀作用为主，增加了次生孔隙，达到最高热演化阶段，为主油气充注期。
Abstract:Objective The Yishan slope is an area of significant oil and gas−bearing potential within the Ordos Basin, the delineation of the oil and gas formation periods is of paramount importance in the revelation of the laws governing oil and gas storage, and in the provision of guidelines for exploration and development.
Methods The timing of oil and gas charging can be determined by measuring the homogeneous temperature of fluid inclusions in the Shanxi−Shihezi Formation in the Wuqi area of the Ordos Basin. This is combined with petrological characteristics and thermal evolution history research methods.
Results The microscopic observation results show that there are mainly two stages of fluid inclusions in the Shanxi−Shihezi Formation in the study area. The early inclusions are mainly distributed in the microcracks quartz particles and the enlarged edges of quartz, and the late inclusions are mainly distributed in the late cement. Through the implementation homogenization temperature test, the peak temperature distribution of early inclusions is 110~120℃, while the peak temperature distribution of late inclusions is 140~150℃.
Conclusions Combined with the analysis of the thermal evolution history and diagenesis, it can be concluded that there are two periods of oil and gas filling: the first period of oil and gas charging time is the Late Triassic—Early Jurassic (212~195 Ma), the reservoir is in the early diagenetic stage B. During this period, the thermal evolution of the coal−bearing stratum reaches the mature stage with dissolution and replacement being the predominant processes. The second period of oil and gas charging time, spanning the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous (155~130 Ma), coincides with the middle diagenetic stage A. In this stage, the diagenetic process is primarily dominated by the dissolution of calcareous cement, leading to an increase in secondary pores and the attainment of the highest thermal evolution, which marks the primary charging time.
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Key words:
- accumulation period /
- homogenization temperature /
- fluid inclusions /
- Permian /
- the Ordos Basin
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表 1 吴起地区山西组−石盒子组储层包裹体样品统计
Table 1. Stastistics of inclusion samples in the Shanxi−Shihezi Formation reservoir in Wuqi area
井号 层位 深度/m 岩性 赋存矿物产状 延1232 山西组 4028.6 灰白色中细砂岩 石英颗粒裂隙、石英加大边 延1207 山西组 3820.1 灰褐色中细砂岩 石英颗粒裂隙 延1141 山西组 3710.8 灰白色中细砂岩 石英颗粒裂隙 延1141 石盒子组 3670.2 灰白色细砂岩 石英颗粒裂隙、石英加大边 延1360 石盒子组 4180.3 浅灰色中细砂岩 石英颗粒裂隙、方解石胶结物 延1008 山西组 3931.0 深灰色细砂岩 石英颗粒裂隙、石英加大边 延1355 山西组 3983.6 灰褐色细砂岩 石英颗粒裂隙、石英加大边、方解石胶结物 延1161 石盒子组 3875.7 浅灰色中细砂岩 石英颗粒裂隙、石英加大边 延1352 山西组 3944.3 灰色砂岩 石英颗粒裂隙、石英加大边 延1350 山西组 4003.6 浅灰色中细砂岩 石英颗粒裂隙 延1366 山西组 3865.0 灰黑色细砂岩 石英颗粒裂隙、石英加大边 
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表 2 吴起地区山西组-石盒子组包裹体均一温度测试数据
Table 2. Homogeneous temperature test data of Shanxi–Shihezi Formation inclusions in Wuqi area
井号 深度/m 层位 类型 测温类型 期次 均一相态 均一温度 平均冰点/℃ 平均盐度/%NaCl 平均温度/℃ 测点数目/个 Y1232 4028.6 山西组 次生 含烃盐水包裹体 第1期 液相 105.2 9 −8.6 12.4 Y1232 4028.6 山西组 次生 含烃盐水包裹体 第2期 液相 137.1 6 −12.3 16.2 Y1207 3820.1 山西组 次生 含烃盐水包裹体 第1期 液相 114.8 7 −6.4 9.7 Y1207 3820.1 山西组 次生 含烃盐水包裹体 第2期 液相 146.2 9 −13.5 17.3 Y1141 3710.8 山西组 次生 含烃盐水包裹体 第1期 液相 112.5 14 −3.8 6.2 Y1141 3710.8 山西组 次生 含烃盐水包裹体 第2期 液相 135.6 3 −9.4 13.3 Y1141 3670.1 石盒子组 次生 含烃盐水包裹体 第1期 液相 108 12 Y1141 3670.1 石盒子组 次生 含烃盐水包裹体 第2期 液相 136 5 Y1360 4180.3 石盒子组 次生 含烃盐水包裹体 第1期 液相 116.0 5 −8.3 12.0 Y1360 4180.3 石盒子组 次生 含烃盐水包裹体 第2期 液相 138.3 3 −10.5 14.4 Y1008 3913.0 山西组 次生 含烃盐水包裹体 第1期 液相 110 11 Y1008 3913.0 山西组 次生 含烃盐水包裹体 第2期 液相 130 3 Y1355 3983.6 山西组 次生 含烃盐水包裹体 第1期 液相 100 15 Y1355 3983.6 山西组 次生 含烃盐水包裹体 第2期 液相 155 3 Y1161 3875.7 石盒子组 次生 含烃盐水包裹体 第1期 液相 97 5 −6.7 10.1 Y1161 3875.7 石盒子组 次生 含烃盐水包裹体 第2期 液相 140 3 −8.6 12.4 Y1352 3944.3 山西组 次生 含烃盐水包裹体 第1期 液相 106 4 −6.8 10.2 Y1352 3944.3 山西组 次生 含烃盐水包裹体 第2期 液相 138 3 −8.7 12.5 Y1350 4003.6 山西组 次生 含烃盐水包裹体 第1期 液相 105 5 Y1350 4003.6 山西组 次生 含烃盐水包裹体 第2期 液相 135 2 −12.7 16.6
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