-
摘要:
煤炭及其伴生资源是地质体的重要组成部分，大规模和高强度开采会引起近地表岩石圈、土壤圈、水圈的联动响应，进而反向制约煤炭及其伴生资源的安全开采与开发。围绕煤矿区的煤–水–土多资源协调开发，基于多学科知识交叉的地球关键带理念，阐述煤–水–土协调开发的必要性以及多圈层、多过程、多尺度、多目标的耦合关系，为煤炭安全绿色开发和生态环境可持续发展提供战略思考。①立足煤炭安全高效开采、土壤–水资源安全和生态环境保护多目标多维度角度，剖析大规模、高强度开发背景下采前、采中、采后地质条件动态演化、多资源时空关系、生态环境响应特征，提出煤炭资源开发生命周期条件下的煤炭资源区的地质调查战略和开发策略。②开展煤–水–土多资源量的系统调查和地质结构精细表征，全面理解和综合评价煤–水–土赋存特征和相互依存关系，形成集资源禀赋、生态环境、人口经济等于一体的地质调查评价体系和方法，提出基于煤炭开发、多资源利用、水土保护、生态屏障、土地安全等一体化的全链条调控措施和开发策略与开发政策。③监控开发过程中地层地质功能结构变化，理解煤–水–土空间组合结构及分层界面效应和煤（岩）–水–土相互作用的动态演化规律，构建复杂地层结构煤炭安全开采和水–土资源协调开发覆岩变形的演化模型，厘清煤–水–土空间结构及其对开采活动的约束效应，发展地球科学、采矿学、生态学、水文学等多学科交叉的煤炭绿色开发地质保障理论与技术。煤–水–土协调开发研究服务于煤炭安全开采与地质环境保护协调发展，破解多资源开发瓶颈及其地质环境制约之间矛盾，通过对煤炭开采全生命周期内的地质条件和环境效应的关键影响因素、状态参数阈值、演化驱动机制的理解，构建地质环境约束、开采模式调控、系统规划利用的煤–水–土多资源协调开发时空格局。
Abstract:Coal and its associated resources are important components of geological bodies, and large-scale and high-intensity mining will cause the linkage response of near-surface lithosphere, soil sphere and hydrosphere, which will reverse restrict the safe mining and development of coal and its associated resources. Focusing on the coordinated development of coal water soil resources in coal mining areas, based on the interdisciplinary concept of the Earth's Critical Zone, this paper elaborates on the necessity of coordinated development of coal water soil and the coupling relationship between multiple circles, processes, scales, and objectives, providing strategic thinking for safe and green development of coal and sustainable development of ecological environment. The main content includes: ① Based on the multi-objective and multidimensional perspectives of safe and efficient coal mining, soil water resource security, and ecological environment protection, analyzing the dynamic evolution of geological conditions before, during, and after mining under the background of large-scale and high-intensity development, the spatiotemporal relationship of multiple resources, and the response characteristics of ecological environment, proposing geological survey strategies and development strategies for coal resource areas under the life cycle conditions of coal resource development. ② Conduct a systematic investigation and precise characterization of the geological structure of coal water soil multiple resources, comprehensively understand and evaluate the characteristics and interdependence of coal water soil occurrence, and form a geological investigation and evaluation system and method that integrates resource endowment, ecological environment, population and economy. Propose integrated full chain control measures, development strategies and policies based on coal development, multiple resource utilization, soil and water protection, ecological barriers, land security, etc. ③ Monitor the changes in geological functional structure of geological strata during the development process, understand the dynamic evolution laws of coal water soil spatial combination structure and layered interface effects, as well as coal (rock) water soil interactions, construct an evolutionary model for the safe mining of complex geological strata and coordinated development of water soil resources, clarify the spatial structure of coal water soil and its constraint effects on mining activities, and develop interdisciplinary geological security theories and technologies for green coal development such as earth science, mining science, ecology, hydrology, etc. The research on coordinated development of coal water soil serves the coordinated development of coal safety mining and geological environment protection, solves the contradiction between multiple resource development bottlenecks and geological environment constraints, and constructs a spatiotemporal pattern of coordinated development of coal water soil multiple resources through the understanding of key influencing factors, state parameter thresholds, and evolutionary driving mechanisms of geological conditions and environmental effects throughout the entire life cycle of coal mining, including geological environment constraints, mining mode regulation, and systematic planning and utilization.
-
-
[1] 白海波, 茅献彪, 姚邦华, 等. 潞安矿区煤水共采技术研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2009, 28（02）: 395−402. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2009.02.025
BAI Haibo, MAO Xianbiao, YAO Banghua, et al. Research on Simultaneous Exploitation of Coal and Groundwater in Lu’an Coal Field[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(02):395−402. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2009.02.025
[2] 卞正富, 雷少刚. 新疆煤炭资源开发的环境效应与保护策略研究[J]. 煤炭科学技术, 2020, 48（04）: 43−51.
BIAN Zhengfu, LEI Shaogang. Green exploitation of coal resources and its environmental effects and protecting strategy in Xinjiang[J]. Coal Sciences and Technology,2020,48(04):43−51.
[3] 曹志国, 张建民, 王皓, 等. 西部矿区煤水协调开采物理与情景模拟实验研究[J]. 煤炭学报, 2021, 46（02）: 638−651.
CAO Zhiguo, ZHANG Jianmin, WANG Hao, et al. Physical Modelling and Scenario Simulation of Coal & Water Co-mining in Coal Mining Areas in Western China[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2021,46(02):638−651.
[4] 董书宁, 姬亚东, 王皓, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地侏罗纪煤田典型顶板水害防控技术与应用[J]. 煤炭学报, 2020, 45（7）: 2367−2375.
DONG Shuning,JI Yadong,WANG Hao,et al. Prevention and control technology and application of roof water disaster in Jurassic coal field of Ordos Basin[J]. Joural of China Coal Society,2020,45(7):2367−2375.
[5] 杜臻, 张茂省, 冯立, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地煤炭采动的生态系统响应机制研究现状与展望[J]. 西北地质, 2023, 56（03）: 78−88.
DU Zhen, ZHANG Maosheng, FENG Li, et al. Research Status and Prospect of Ecosystem Response Mechanism to Coal Mining in Ordos Basin[J]. Northwestern Geology,2023,56(03):78−88.
[6] 范立民, 向茂西, 彭捷, 等. 西部生态脆弱矿区地下水对高强度采煤的响应[J]. 煤炭学报, 2016, 41（11）: 2672−2678.
FAN Linmin, XIANG Maoxi, PENG Jie, et al. Groundwater response to intensive mining in ecologically fragile area[J]. Joural of China Coal Society,2016,41(11):2672−2678.
[7] 973计划(2013CB227900)“西部煤炭高强度开采下地质灾害防治与环境保护基础研究”项目组. 西部煤炭高强度开采下地质灾害防治理论与方法研究进展[J]. 煤炭学报, 2017, 42（02）: 267−275.
Research Group of National Key Basic Research Program of China (2013CB227900) "Basic Study on Geological Hazard Prevention and Environmental Protection in High Intensity Mining of Western Coal Area". Theory and method research of geological disaster prevention on high-intensity coal exloitation in the west areas[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(02):267−275.
[8] 李全生. 蒙东草原区大型露天煤矿减损开采与生态修复关键技术[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报, 2023, 40（05）: 905−915.
LI Quansheng. Key technologies for damage reduction mining and ecological restoration of large-scale open pit coal mines in grassland area of eastern Inner Mongolia[J]. Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2023,40(05):905−915.
[9] 李小雁, 马育军. 地球关键带科学与水文土壤学研究进展[J]. 北京师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2016, 52（6）: 731−737.
LI Xiaoyan, MA Yujun. Advances in Earth’s Critical Zone science and hydropedology[J]. Journal of Beijing Normal University (Natural Science),2016,52(6):731−737.
[10] 骆占斌, 樊军, 邵明安. 地球关键带基岩风化层生态水文研究进展[J]. 科学通报, 2022, 67: 3311−3323. doi: 10.1360/TB-2022-0046
LUO Zhanbin, FAN Jun, SHAO Mingan. Progresses of weathered bedrock ecohydrology in the Earth’s critical zone[J]. Chinese Scince Bulletin,2022,67:3311−3323. doi: 10.1360/TB-2022-0046
[11] 吕玉广, 肖庆华, 程久龙. 弱富水软岩水-沙混合型突水机制与防治技术-以上海庙矿区为例[J]. 煤炭学报, 2019, 44（10）: 3154−3163.
LV Yuguang, XIAO Qinghua, CHENG Jiukong. Mechanism and prevention of water-sand inrush in soft rock with weakly abundant water: A case study in Shanghai temple mining area[J]. Joural of China Coal Society,2019,44(10):3154−3163.
[12] 苗霖田, 夏玉成, 段中会, 等. 黄河中游榆神府矿区煤-岩-水-环特征及智能一体化技术[J]. 煤炭学报, 2021, 46（05）: 1521−1531.
MIAO Lintiao, XIA Yucheng, DUAN Zhonghui, et al. Coupling characteristics and intelligent integration technology of coal-overlying rock-groundwater-ecological environment in Yu-Shen-Fu mining area in the middle reaches of the Yellow River[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2021,46(05):1521−1531.
[13] 缪协兴, 陈荣华, 白海波. 保水开采隔水关键层的基本概念及力学分析[J]. 煤炭学报, 2007, 32（06）: 561−564. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-9993.2007.06.001
MIAO Xiexing, CHEN Ronghua, BAI Haibo. Fundamental concepts and mechanical analusis of water-resisting key strata in water-preserved mining[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2007,32(06):561−564. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-9993.2007.06.001
[14] 彭苏萍, 毕银丽. 黄河流域煤矿区生态环境修复关键技术与战略思考[J]. 煤炭学报, 2020, 45(04): 1211−1221.
PENG Suping,BI Yinli. Strategic consideration and core technology about environmental ecological restoration in coal mine areas in the Yellow River basin of China[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2020,45(04): 1211−1221.
[15] 钱鸣高, 许家林, 王家臣. 再论煤炭的科学开采[J]. 煤炭学报, 2018, 43（01）: 1−13.
QIAN Minggao, XU Jialin, WANG Jiachen. Further on the sustainable mining of coal[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2018,43(01):1−13.
[16] 孙强, 张卫强, 耿济世, 等. 利用煤炭开发地下空间储能的技术路径与地质保障[J]. 煤田地质与勘探, 2023, 51（02）: 229−242.
SUN Qiang, ZHANG Weiqiang, GENG Jishi, et al. Technological path and geological guarantee for energy storage in underground space formed by coal mining[J]. Coal Geology and Exporlation,2023,51(02):229−242.
[17] 王双明, 孙强, 耿济世, 等. 煤炭开采地球关键带响应及减损开采技术体系[J/OL]. 中国地质, 2024: 1−22.
WANG Shuangming, SUN Qiang, GENG Jishi, et al. Geological Support for Response and Damage Reduction in Earth's Critical Zone under Coal Mining[J/OL]. Geology in China, 2024: 1−22.
[18] 王双明, 范立民, 黄庆享, 等. 榆神矿区煤水地质条件及保水开采[J]. 西安科技大学学报, 2010, 30（01）: 1−6. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-9315.2010.01.001
WANG Shuangming, FAN Limin, HUANG Qingxiang, et al. Coal Water Geological Conditions and Water Conserving Mining for Yushen Coal Mine Area[J]. Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology,2010,30(01):1−6. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-9315.2010.01.001
[19] 王双明, 耿济世, 李鹏飞, 等. 煤炭绿色开发地质保障体系的构建[J]. 煤田地质与勘探, 2023, 51（01）: 33−43.
WANG Shuangming, GENG Jishi, LI Pengfei, et al. Construction of geological guarantee system for green coal mining[J]. Coal Geology and Exporlation,2023,51(01):33−43.
[20] 王双明, 黄庆享, 范立民, 等. 生态脆弱矿区含(隔)水层特征及保水开采分区研究[J]. 煤炭学报, 2010, 35（01）: 7−14.
WANG Shuang-ming, HUANG Qingxiang, FAN Limin, et al. Study on overburden aquclude and water protection mining regionazation in the ecological fragile mining area[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(01):7−14.
[21] 王双明, 申艳军, 孙强, 等. 西部生态脆弱区煤炭减损开采地质保障科学问题及技术展望[J]. 采矿与岩层控制工程学报, 2020, 2（04）: 5−19.
WANG Shuangming, SHEN Yanjun, SUN Qiang, et al. Scientific issues of coal detraction mining geological assurance and their technology expectations in ecologically fragile mining areas of Western China[J]. Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering,2020,2(04):5−19.
[22] 王双明, 孙强, 耿济世, 等. 西部矿区采动损害及减损开采的地质保障技术框架体系[J/OL]. 煤田地质与勘探, 2023: 1−12.
WANG Shuangming,SUN Qiang,GENG Jishi,et al. Geological Support Technology Framework System for Mining Induced Disasters and Damage Reduction Mining of Geological Conditions in Western Mining Area[J/OL]. Coal Geology and Exporlation,2023,1−12.
[23] 王双明, 孙强, 谷超, 等. 煤炭开发推动地学研究发展[J]. 中国煤炭, 2024, 50（01）: 2−8.
WANG Shuangming, SUN Qiang, GU Chao, et al. The development of geoscientific research promoted by coal exploitation[J]. China Coal,2024,50(01):2−8.
[24] 王双明, 孙强, 胡鑫, 等. 煤炭原位开发地质保障[J]. 西安科技大学学报, 2024, 44（1）: 1−11.
WANG Shuangming,SUN Qiang,HU Xin,et al. Geological guarantee for in-situ development of coal[J]. Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology,2024,44(1):1−11.
[25] 王双明, 孙强, 乔军伟, 等. 论煤炭绿色开采的地质保障[J]. 煤炭学报, 2020, 45（01）: 8−15.
WANG Shuangming, SUN Qiang, QIAO Junwei, et al. Geological guarantee of coal green mining[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2020,45(01):8−15.
[26] 王震宇, 刘晓民, 刘廷玺, 等. 煤-水协调共采全生命周期影响因子研究[J]. 煤炭科学技术, 2021, 49（12）: 243−251. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2336.2021.12.mtkxjs202112030
WANG Zhenyu, LIU Xiaomin, LIU Tingxi, et al. Study on Influencing Factors of Coal-Water Coordinated Mining Based on Theory of Full Life Cycle[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2021,49(12):243−251. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2336.2021.12.mtkxjs202112030
[27] 王震宇, 刘晓民, 刘廷玺, 等. 煤炭资源富集区煤-水协调共采影响因素研究[J/OL]. 煤炭科学技术, 2024, 1−14.
WANG Zhenyu,LIU Xiaomin,LIU Tingxi,et al. Study on Influencing Factors of Coal-Water Coordinated Co-mining in Coal Resource Rich Area[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2024: 1−14.
[28] 武强, 涂坤, 曾一凡, 等. 打造我国主体能源(煤炭)升级版面临的主要问题与对策探讨[J]. 煤炭学报, 2019, 44（6）: 1625−1636.
WU Qiang, TU Kun, ZENG Yifan, et al. Discussion on the main problems and countermeasures for building an upgrade version of main energy (coal) industry in China[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2019,44(6):1625−1636.
[29] 武强. 我国矿井水防控与资源化利用的研究进展、问题和展望[J]. 煤炭学报, 2014, 39（05）: 795−805.
WU Qiang. Progress, problems and prospects of prevention and control technology of mine water and reutilization in China[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(05):795−805.
[30] 武强, 涂坤. 我国发展面临能源与环境的双重约束分析及对策思考[J]. 科学通报, 2019, 64（15）: 1535−1544. doi: 10.1360/N972018-01057
WU Qiang. TU Kun. Analysis on the dual constraints of energy and environment in China's development[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,2019,64(15):1535−1544. doi: 10.1360/N972018-01057
[31] 吴群英, 彭捷, 迟宝锁, 等. 神南矿区煤炭绿色开采的水资源监测研究[J]. 煤炭科学技术, 2021, 49（01）: 304−311.
WU Qunying, PENG Jie, CHI Baosuo, et al. Researoh on water resources monitoring of green coal mining in Shenan Ming Anea[J]. [J]. Coal Science and Technology,2021,49(01):304−311.
[32] 徐友宁, 张江华, 何芳, 等. 西北地区矿山地质环境调查与防治研究[J]. 西北地质, 2022, 55（03）: 129−139.
XU Youning, ZHANG Jianghua, HE Fang, et al. Investigation and Preventive Research of Mine Geological Environment in Northwest China[J]. Northwestern Geology,2022,55(03):129−139.
[33] 徐智敏, 孙亚军, 高尚, 等. 干旱矿区采动顶板导水裂隙的演化规律及保水采煤意义[J]. 煤炭学报, 2019, 44（03）: 767−776.
XU Zhimin, SUN Yajun, GAO Shang, et al. Law of mining induced water conduction fissure in arid mining area and its significance in water-preserved coal mining[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2019,44(03):767−776.
[34] 杨建锋, 张翠光. 地球关键带: 地质环境研究的新框架[J]. 水文地质工程地质, 2014, 41（3）: 98−104+110.
YANG Jianfeng,ZHANG Cuiguang. Earth’s critical zone: a holistic framework for geo-environmental researches[J]. Hydoheology & Engineering Geology,2014,41(3):98−104+110.
[35] 张会军. 黄河流域煤炭富集区生态开采模式初探[J]. 煤炭科学技术, 2021, 49（12）: 233−242. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2336.2021.12.mtkxjs202112029
ZHANG Huijun. Preliminary study on ecological mining mode in coal-rich area of the Yellow River Basin[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2021,49(12):233−242. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2336.2021.12.mtkxjs202112029
[36] 赵平, 谭克龙, 韩效忠, 等. 新形势下我国能源与生态安全保障研究[J]. 中国煤炭地质, 2021, 33（01）: 1−7. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-1803.2021.01.01
ZHAO Ping, TAN Kelong, HAN Xiaozong, et al. Research for Energy and Ecological Security in China under New Situation[J]. Coal Gology of China,2021,33(01):1−7. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-1803.2021.01.01
[37] 朱永官, 李刚, 张甘霖, 等. 土壤安全: 从地球关键带到生态服务系统[J]. 地理学报, 2015, 70（12）: 1859−1869. doi: 10.11821/dlxb201512001
ZHU Yongguan, LI Gang, ZHANG Ganlin, et al. Soil security: From Earth's critical zone to ecosystem services[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica,2015,70(12):1859−1869. doi: 10.11821/dlxb201512001
-
下载:
图(9)
计量
- 文章访问数: 690
- PDF下载数: 124
- 施引文献: 0