粉煤灰表面无机改性及填充尼龙6性能

姚国鑫; 王彩丽; 王斌; 秋颖; 王志学; 杨润全

doi:10.12476/kczhly.202209060573

粉煤灰表面无机改性及填充尼龙6性能

太原理工大学矿业工程学院，山西　太原　030024

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（51804214）

详细信息

作者简介: 姚国鑫（1997-），男，硕士，研究方向为矿物材料

通讯作者: 王彩丽（1984-），女，副教授，研究方向为矿物材料。

中图分类号: TD984

收稿日期: 2022-09-06

刊出日期: 2025-06-25

Surface Inorganic Modification of Fly Ash and its Properties in Filling Nylon 6

College of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, China

More Information

Corresponding author: WANG Caili, 229478584@qq.com

Received Date: 06 September 2022

Publish Date: 25 June 2025

摘要

摘要:
通过非均匀形核法在粉煤灰表面包覆纳米氢氧化镁对其进行了无机改性，探究了不同氢氧化镁包覆量（$\mathrm{m}_{\mathrm{Mg}(\mathrm{OH})_2} $/m_粉煤灰）对复合粉体包覆效果的影响。采用SEM、XRD、FTIR、TG对复合粉体的结构、表面官能团、形貌和稳定性进行了表征。将复合粉体填充尼龙6制备了尼龙6复合材料，并对复合材料的力学性能、热变形温度、熔融指数、阻燃性能进行了测试。结果表明，当包覆量为70%时，粉煤灰表面包覆了形貌规整、尺寸均匀的纳米氢氧化镁，复合粉体比表面积从1.72 m²/g增大到56.62 m²/g。尼龙6复合材料的力学性能和阻燃性能都较纯尼龙6都有所提高。粉煤灰基复合粉体可以代替纯氢氧化镁填充尼龙6，并且可以解决粉煤灰和纯氢氧化镁单独作填料时相容性和分散性差的问题。
- 粉煤灰 /
- 氢氧化镁 /
- 尼龙6 /
- 阻燃性能 /
- 力学性能
Abstract:
Nano magnesium hydroxide was coated on the surface of fly ash by non-uniform nucleation method to carry out inorganic modification. The influence of different magnesium hydroxide coating amount ($\mathrm{m}_{\mathrm{Mg}(\mathrm{OH})_2} $/m_{fly ash}) on the coating effect of composite powder was investigated. The structure, surface functional groups, morphology and stability of the composite powder were characterized by SEM, XRD, FTIR and TG. Nylon 6 composite was prepared by filling nylon 6 with composite powder. The mechanical properties, thermal deformation temperature, melt index and flame retardancy of the composite were tested. The results show when the coating content is 70%, the surface of fly ash is coated with nano magnesium hydroxide with regular morphology and uniform size, and the specific surface area of the composite powder increases from 1.72 m²/g to 56.62 m²/g. The mechanical properties and flame retardancy of nylon 6 composites are better than those of pure nylon 6. Fly ash-based composite powder can replace pure magnesium hydroxide to fill nylon 6, and solve the problem of poor compatibility and dispersion when fly ash and pure magnesium hydroxide are used as fillers alone.
- fly ash /
- magnesium hydroxide /
- Nylon 6 /
- flame retardancy /
- mechanical properties

HTML全文

图 1 粉煤灰、复合粉体1~8的XRD

Figure 1.

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图 2 粉煤灰、复合粉体1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8的红外图谱

Figure 2.

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图 3 粉煤灰(a) (b)、复合粉体1(c)、2(d)、3(e)、4(f)、5(g)、6(h)、7(i)、8(j) (k)扫描电镜

Figure 3.

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图 4 Mg(OH)₂和复合粉体8的TG-DTG曲线

Figure 4.

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图 5 纯尼龙6 (a)、粉煤灰/尼龙6 (b)、Mg(OH)₂/尼龙6 (c)、复合粉体8/尼龙6 (d)的拉伸断面SEM

Figure 5.

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表 1 纯尼龙6及其复合材料的力学和阻燃性能

Table 1. Mechanical and flame retardant properties of pure nylon 6 and its composites

样品	纯尼龙6	粉煤灰填充尼龙6	Mg(OH)₂填充尼龙6	复合粉体8填充尼龙6
缺口冲击强度/(kJ/m²)	9.70	6.02	4.34	6.05
拉伸强度/MPa	61.1	69.2	73.1	71.3
弯曲强度/MPa	83.3	110.2	107.4	90.8
弯曲模量/MPa	2 452	2 735	2 725	2 467
热变形温度/℃	120.2	167.1	149.4	152.7
极限氧指数/%	21.0	22.8	22.4	24.6
熔融指数/(g/min)	2.54	1.88	1.53	2.43

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