Advances in Beneficiation Processes for Low-grade Bastnaesite-associated Fluorite Resources
-
摘要:
萤石作为制备含氟化合物的战略性资源，被中国、美国、欧盟列为关键矿产，其高效回收对保障资源安全至关重要。我国氟碳铈矿型萤石资源主要赋存于白云鄂博、牦牛坪等稀土矿床，具有“低品位、细粒嵌布、矿物共生复杂”的特点，传统分选技术面临稀土－萤石可浮性相近、药剂选择性差等挑战。本文系统梳理了氟碳铈矿型萤石的资源分布与工艺矿物学特征，重点评述了选矿技术进展：（1）开发新型抑制剂（CMK-2、DC-2）与捕收剂（MQY、CXS-211），实现萤石与重晶石、方解石的高效分离，精矿品位提升至90.8%；（2）白云鄂博创新采用“磁－浮－浸”联合工艺，萤石回收率达72.5%；（3）稀土尾矿“浮选脱硫－混合浮选－磁选分离”协同回收模式，大陆槽尾矿萤石回收率突破50.0%。工业实践表明，靶向分选与流程强化可显著提升资源利用率。未来需聚焦短流程低温分选技术及尾矿建材化等绿色路径，推动氟碳铈矿型萤石资源向“近零废弃”目标迈进。
Abstract:Fluorite as a strategic resource for preparing fluorine-containing compounds, has been designated as a critical mineral by China, the United States, and the European Union. Its efficient recovery is vital for ensuring resource security. In China, bastnaesite type fluorite resources are primarily formed in rare earth deposits such as the Bayan Obo and Maoniuping regions, characterized by "low-grade, fine-grained dissemination, and complex mineral paragenesis". Traditional separation technologies face challenges due to the similar floatability of rare earth minerals and fluorite, as well as the poor selectivity of conventional reagents. This paper systematically reviews the resource distribution and process mineralogical characteristics of bastnaesite-type fluorite, with a focus on advancements in beneficiation technologies: (1) Development of novel inhibitors (CMK-2, DC-2) and collectors (MQY, CXS-211) has enabled efficient separation of fluorite from barite and calcite, achieving concentrate grade improvement to 90.8%; (2) In the innovative "magnetic-flotation-leaching" integrated process such as Bayan Obo "weak magnetic iron removal - rare earth flotation - fluorite selection" process, the fluorite recovery rate has reached 72.5%; (3) A collaborative recovery model of "flotation and desulfuration - mixed flotation - magnetic separation" for rare earth tailings was proposed, achieving fluorite recovery rate up to 50.0% from continental geosyncline tailings. Industrial practices demonstrate that targeted separation and process intensification significantly enhance resource utilization efficiency. Future efforts should prioritize green pathways such as short-process low-temperature separation and tailings for building materials, to advance bastnaesite type fluorite resource utilization toward a "near-zero waste" objective.
-
Key words:
- bastnaesite /
- low-grade /
- fluorite /
- resource utilization /
- low-grade
-
-
[1] Humphreys-Williams ER and Zahirovic S. Carbonatites and global tectonics[J]. Elements, 2021, 17(5):339-344. doi: 10.2138/gselements.17.5.339
[2] 王吉平, 商朋强, 熊先孝, 等. 中国萤石矿床分类[J]. 中国地质, 2014, 41(2):315-325.WANG J P, SHANG P Q, XIONG X X, et al. The classification of fluorite deposits in China[J]. Geology in China, 2014, 41(2):315-325. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3657.2014.02.001
WANG J P, SHANG P Q, XIONG X X, et al. The classification of fluorite deposits in China[J]. Geology in China, 2014, 41(2):315-325. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3657.2014.02.001
[3] 戴开明,车长波,王福良. 萤石资源勘查开发利用管理的建议[J]. 中国矿业, 2021, 30(9):32-35.DAI K M, CHE C B, WANG F L. Suggestions on exploration, development and utilization management of fluorite resources[J]. China Mining Magazine, 2021, 30(9):32-35.
DAI K M, CHE C B, WANG F L. Suggestions on exploration, development and utilization management of fluorite resources[J]. China Mining Magazine, 2021, 30(9):32-35.
[4] 中华人民共和国自然资源部.中国矿产资源报告[M].北京:地质出版社,2023.Ministry of Natural Resources, People's Republic of China. China Mineral Resources Report [M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House,2023,1-40.
Ministry of Natural Resources, People's Republic of China. China Mineral Resources Report [M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House,2023,1-40.
[5] 四川省地质矿产勘查开发局一〇九队.四川省冕宁县牦牛坪稀土矿区勘探地质报告[R].成都:2010.Sichuan Geology and Mineral Resources Exploration and Development Bureau 109th Team. Geological exploration report of Maoniuping rare earth mining area, Mianning County, Sichuan Province [R].Chengdu:2010.
Sichuan Geology and Mineral Resources Exploration and Development Bureau 109th Team. Geological exploration report of Maoniuping rare earth mining area, Mianning County, Sichuan Province [R].Chengdu:2010.
[6] 李潇雨, 惠博, 熊文良, 等. 白云鄂博稀土资源综合利用现状概述[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2021(5):17-24.LI X Y, HUI B, XIONG W L, et al. Multipurpose utilization of rare earth resources in Bayan Obo[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2021(5):17-24. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2021.05.003
LI X Y, HUI B, XIONG W L, et al. Multipurpose utilization of rare earth resources in Bayan Obo[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2021(5):17-24. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2021.05.003
[7] 四川省地质矿产公司.四川省德昌县大陆槽稀土矿资源储量核实报告[R].成都: 2018.Sichuan Geology and Mineral Company. Verification report of Dalucao rare earth resource reserves in Dechang County, Sichuan Province [R]. Chengdu:2018.
Sichuan Geology and Mineral Company. Verification report of Dalucao rare earth resource reserves in Dechang County, Sichuan Province [R]. Chengdu:2018.
[8] 四川省地质矿产勘查开发局一〇九队.四川省德昌县大陆槽稀土矿区③号矿体资源储量核实报告[R]. 成都:2014.Sichuan Geology and Mineral Resources Exploration and Development Bureau 109th Team. Resource reserves verification report of No. 3 ore body in Dechang County, Sichuan Province [R]. Chengdu:2014.
Sichuan Geology and Mineral Resources Exploration and Development Bureau 109th Team. Resource reserves verification report of No. 3 ore body in Dechang County, Sichuan Province [R]. Chengdu:2014.
[9] 中国地质科学院矿产综合利用研究所.四川省冕宁县南河乡阴山村方家堡稀土矿区普查报告[R]. 成都:2008.Institute of Comprehensive Utilization of mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences. Survey report of Fangjiapu rare earth mining area, Yinshan Village, Nanhe Township, Mianning County, Sichuan Province [R]. Chengdu:2008.
Institute of Comprehensive Utilization of mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences. Survey report of Fangjiapu rare earth mining area, Yinshan Village, Nanhe Township, Mianning County, Sichuan Province [R]. Chengdu:2008.
[10] 李春龙,李小钢,徐广尧. 白云鄂博共伴生矿资源综合利用技术开发与产业化[J]. 稀土, 2015, 36(5):151-158.LI C L, LI X G, XU G Y. Technology Development and industrialization of resources comprehensive utilization of intergrowth and associated ore in Baiyun Obo[J]. Chinese Rare Earths, 2015, 36(5):151-158.
LI C L, LI X G, XU G Y. Technology Development and industrialization of resources comprehensive utilization of intergrowth and associated ore in Baiyun Obo[J]. Chinese Rare Earths, 2015, 36(5):151-158.
[11] 赵金奎. 牦牛坪重晶石、萤石回收工艺研究[J]. 铜业工程, 2019, 158(4):68-78.ZHAO J K. Study on recovery process of barite and fluorite from Maoniupin[J]. Copper Engineering, 2019, 158(4):68-78. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-3842.2019.04.019
ZHAO J K. Study on recovery process of barite and fluorite from Maoniupin[J]. Copper Engineering, 2019, 158(4):68-78. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-3842.2019.04.019
[12] 中国地质科学院矿产综合利用研究所.大陆槽稀土尾矿萤石回收利用试验研究[R]. 成都:2020.Institute of Comprehensive Utilization of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences. Experimental study on recovery and utilization of fluorite from rare earth tailings in continental trough [R]. Chengdu:2020.
Institute of Comprehensive Utilization of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences. Experimental study on recovery and utilization of fluorite from rare earth tailings in continental trough [R]. Chengdu:2020.
[13] 朱志敏,罗丽萍,曾令熙. 四川德昌大陆槽稀土矿工艺矿物学[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2016(5):76-79.ZHU Z M, LUO L P, ZENG L X. The process mineralogy of the Dalucao REE deposit in the Sichuan Province[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2016(5):76-79. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2016.05.018
ZHU Z M, LUO L P, ZENG L X. The process mineralogy of the Dalucao REE deposit in the Sichuan Province[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2016(5):76-79. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2016.05.018
[14] 王盼盼, 陈林, 杨晓军, 等. 四川德昌大陆槽稀土伴生有用矿物赋存状态分析[J]. 现代矿业, 2019, 35(2):113-129+124.WANG P P, CHEN L, YANG X J, et al. Analysis of associated useful minerals occurrence state in Dalucao rare earth in Dechang county,Sichuan Province[J]. Modern Mine, 2019, 35(2):113-129+124. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6082.2019.02.025
WANG P P, CHEN L, YANG X J, et al. Analysis of associated useful minerals occurrence state in Dalucao rare earth in Dechang county,Sichuan Province[J]. Modern Mine, 2019, 35(2):113-129+124. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6082.2019.02.025
[15] 曹阳, 刘殿文. 白云鄂博西矿工艺矿物学及稀土、萤石浮选研究[J]. 矿冶, 2023, 32(4):55-63.CAO Y, LIU D W. Study on process mineralogy and rare earth, fluorite flotation test of west mine in Bayan Obo[J]. Mining and Metallurgy, 2023, 32(4):55-63. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-7854.2023.04.009
CAO Y, LIU D W. Study on process mineralogy and rare earth, fluorite flotation test of west mine in Bayan Obo[J]. Mining and Metallurgy, 2023, 32(4):55-63. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-7854.2023.04.009
[16] 耿志强, 曾令明, 戴智飞, 等. 牦牛坪西部矿区稀土矿工艺矿物学研究[J]. 铜业工程, 2020, 6:35-38.GENG Z Q, ZENG L M, DAI Z F, et al. Process mineralogy analysis of Maoniuping Western rare earth ore[J]. Copper Engineering, 2020, 6:35-38. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-3842.2020.02.010
GENG Z Q, ZENG L M, DAI Z F, et al. Process mineralogy analysis of Maoniuping Western rare earth ore[J]. Copper Engineering, 2020, 6:35-38. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-3842.2020.02.010
[17] 陈福林, 杨晓军, 何婷, 等. 四川德昌大陆槽某稀土尾矿工艺矿物学分析[J]. 现代矿业, 2018, 34(10):103-105.CHEN F L, YANG X J, HE T, et al. Process mineralogy analysis of a Dalucao rare-earth tailings in Dechang county, Sichuan Province[J]. Modern Ming, 2018, 34(10):103-105. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6082.2018.10.028
CHEN F L, YANG X J, HE T, et al. Process mineralogy analysis of a Dalucao rare-earth tailings in Dechang county, Sichuan Province[J]. Modern Ming, 2018, 34(10):103-105. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6082.2018.10.028
[18] 王国祥, 周建英, 涂明泉. 四川省冕宁县牦牛坪稀土尾矿综合利用探讨[J]. 资源环境与工程, 2007, 21(5):624-628.WANG G X, ZHOU J Y, TU M Q. Discussion on the integrative utilization of the rare earth gangue in Maoniuping, Mianning county, Sichuan Province[J]. Resources Environment & Engineering, 2007, 21(5):624-628. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1211.2007.05.030
WANG G X, ZHOU J Y, TU M Q. Discussion on the integrative utilization of the rare earth gangue in Maoniuping, Mianning county, Sichuan Province[J]. Resources Environment & Engineering, 2007, 21(5):624-628. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1211.2007.05.030
[19] 冷玲倻, 张鹏飞. 四川某稀土矿尾矿中回收萤石的试验研究[J]. 矿物学报, 2023, 43(2):164-172.LENG L Y, ZHANG P F. An experimental study for recovering fluorite from tailings of REE ores in a REE mine in Sichuan Province, China[J]. Acta Mineralogica Sinica, 2023, 43(2):164-172.
LENG L Y, ZHANG P F. An experimental study for recovering fluorite from tailings of REE ores in a REE mine in Sichuan Province, China[J]. Acta Mineralogica Sinica, 2023, 43(2):164-172.
[20] 周政, 欧阳安妮, 熊文良,等. 四川大陆槽稀土尾矿回收萤石实验[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2024, 45(4):43-49.ZHOU Z, OUYANG A N, XIONG W L, et al. Recovery of rare earth from a low grade rare earth tailings in Sichuan[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2024, 45(4):43-49. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2024.04.006
ZHOU Z, OUYANG A N, XIONG W L, et al. Recovery of rare earth from a low grade rare earth tailings in Sichuan[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2024, 45(4):43-49. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2024.04.006
[21] 陈福林, 杨晓军, 何婷, 等. 四川冕宁牦牛坪稀土矿尾矿工艺矿物学分析[J]. 现代矿业, 2018, 34(8):110-112.CHEN F L, YANG X J, HE T, et al. Process mineralogy analysis of rare earth mine tailings from Mianning Maoniuping, Sichuan Province[J]. Modern Ming, 2018, 34(8):110-112.
CHEN F L, YANG X J, HE T, et al. Process mineralogy analysis of rare earth mine tailings from Mianning Maoniuping, Sichuan Province[J]. Modern Ming, 2018, 34(8):110-112.
[22] 周政, 熊文良, 王茂原, 等. 碳酸岩型稀土矿中稀土及共伴生萤石利用技术现状及研究进展[C]. 中国稀土学会第四届青年学术会议摘要集, 2023:26.ZHOU Z, XIONG W L, WANG M Y, et al. Current status and research progress of utilization technology of rare earth and associated fluorite in carbonate type rare earth ore [C]. Abstracts of the Fourth Youth Academic Conference of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths, 2023:26.
ZHOU Z, XIONG W L, WANG M Y, et al. Current status and research progress of utilization technology of rare earth and associated fluorite in carbonate type rare earth ore [C]. Abstracts of the Fourth Youth Academic Conference of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths, 2023:26.
[23] 杨占峰, 马莹, 王彦. 稀土采选与环境保护[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2018.YANG Z F, MA Y, WANG Y. Rare earth mining and environmental protection [M]. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press, 2018.
YANG Z F, MA Y, WANG Y. Rare earth mining and environmental protection [M]. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press, 2018.
[24] 王丽明, 李宏静, 白春霞, 等. 白云鄂博某选厂选铁尾矿中稀土和萤石的综合回收试验研究[J]. 矿产保护与利用, 2022, 42(6):52-59.WANG L M, LI H J, BAI C X, et al. Experimental study on comprehensive recovery of rare earth and fluorite from an iron tailings of concentrator in Bayan Obo[J]. Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2022, 42(6):52-59.
WANG L M, LI H J, BAI C X, et al. Experimental study on comprehensive recovery of rare earth and fluorite from an iron tailings of concentrator in Bayan Obo[J]. Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2022, 42(6):52-59.
[25] 刘春光, 王丽明, 李宏静. 从内蒙古某铁选矿厂尾矿回收萤石研究[J]. 矿产保护与利用, 2022, 42(6):60-65.LIU C G, WANG L M, LI H J. Investigation on recovering fluorite from tailings of an iron ore concentrator in Inner Mongolia[J]. Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2022, 42(6):60-65.
LIU C G, WANG L M, LI H J. Investigation on recovering fluorite from tailings of an iron ore concentrator in Inner Mongolia[J]. Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2022, 42(6):60-65.
[26] 李梅, 高凯, 柳召刚, 等. 白云鄂博尾矿萤石浮选工艺研究[J]. 有色金属(选矿部分), 2014(6):55-58.LI M, GAO K, LIU Z G, et al. Process study on the flotation of fluorite from Bayan Obo tailings[J]. Nonferrous Metals (Mineral Processing Section), 2014(6):55-58.
LI M, GAO K, LIU Z G, et al. Process study on the flotation of fluorite from Bayan Obo tailings[J]. Nonferrous Metals (Mineral Processing Section), 2014(6):55-58.
[27] 李琅琅, 李梅, 高凯, 等. 白云鄂博萤石与稀土浮选分离试验研究[J]. 矿冶工程, 2020, 40(3):43-46.LI L L, LI M, GAO K, et al. Experimental study on flotation separation of fluorite and rare earth from Bayan Obo mine[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2020, 40(3):43-46. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2020.03.011
LI L L, LI M, GAO K, et al. Experimental study on flotation separation of fluorite and rare earth from Bayan Obo mine[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2020, 40(3):43-46. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2020.03.011
[28] 贺宇龙.白云鄂博尾矿综合回收稀土、萤石、铌、钪选矿新工艺[D].包头:内蒙古科技大学, 2020.HE Y L. New process for comprehensive recovery of rare earth, fluorite, niobium and thorium in Bayan Ebo tailings[D]. Baotou: Master Thesis University of Science and Technology Inner Mongolia, 2020.
HE Y L. New process for comprehensive recovery of rare earth, fluorite, niobium and thorium in Bayan Ebo tailings[D]. Baotou: Master Thesis University of Science and Technology Inner Mongolia, 2020.
[29] 刘能云, 熊文良, 张丽军, 等. 某复杂萤石型稀土矿绿色同步回收稀土萤石技术研究[J].有色金属(选矿部分),2024, 4:136-143+153.LIU N Y, XIONG W L, ZHANG L J, et al. Study on green synchronous recovery technology of rare earth minerals and fluorite from a complex fluorite-type rare earth ore[J]. Nonferrous Metals (beneficiation), 2014, 4:136-143+153.
LIU N Y, XIONG W L, ZHANG L J, et al. Study on green synchronous recovery technology of rare earth minerals and fluorite from a complex fluorite-type rare earth ore[J]. Nonferrous Metals (beneficiation), 2014, 4:136-143+153.
[30] 王茂原, 熊文良, 张丽军, 等. 碳酸岩型稀土及共伴生萤石混合浮选试验研究[J]. 稀土, 2023, 44(6):105-112.WANG M Y, XIONG W L, ZHANG L J, et al. Experimental study on combined flotation of alkaline rock type rare earth and associated fluorite[J]. Chinese Rare Earth, 2023, 44(6):105-112.
WANG M Y, XIONG W L, ZHANG L J, et al. Experimental study on combined flotation of alkaline rock type rare earth and associated fluorite[J]. Chinese Rare Earth, 2023, 44(6):105-112.
[31] 李加文, 谢贤, 杨兵, 等. 从四川某稀土−萤石中矿中分离萤石与稀土的实验研究[J]. 矿产保护与利用, 2023, 43(5):19-24.LI J W, XIE X, YANG B, et al. Experimental study on separation of fluorite and rare earth from a REO-CaF2 middlings in Sichuan[J]. Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2023, 43(5):19-24.
LI J W, XIE X, YANG B, et al. Experimental study on separation of fluorite and rare earth from a REO-CaF2 middlings in Sichuan[J]. Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2023, 43(5):19-24.
[32] 中国地质科学院矿产综合利用研究所.大陆槽稀土矿资源集中开采区尾矿综合利用技术研究报告[R].成都:2018.Institute of Comprehensive Utilization of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences. Research Report on comprehensive utilization technology of tailings in the concentrated mining area of rare earth ore resources in the Dalucao[R].Chengdu:2018.
Institute of Comprehensive Utilization of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences. Research Report on comprehensive utilization technology of tailings in the concentrated mining area of rare earth ore resources in the Dalucao[R].Chengdu:2018.
[33] 付翔, 徐叶果. 某稀土矿尾矿综合回收萤石和重晶石试验研究[J]. 非金属矿, 2020, 43(3):72-76.FU X, XU Y G. Experimental research on the recycle of fluorite and barite from rare earth ore tailings in Southwest[J]. Non-metallic Mines, 2020, 43(3):72-76.
FU X, XU Y G. Experimental research on the recycle of fluorite and barite from rare earth ore tailings in Southwest[J]. Non-metallic Mines, 2020, 43(3):72-76.
[34] 张丽军, 梁友伟, 王晓慧. 稀土尾矿中萤石、重晶石浮选分离[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2013(4):63-66.ZHANG L J, LIANG Y W, WANG X H. Study on floatation and separation of fluorite and barite in rare earth tailings[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2013(4):63-66. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2013.04.04.017
ZHANG L J, LIANG Y W, WANG X H. Study on floatation and separation of fluorite and barite in rare earth tailings[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2013(4):63-66. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2013.04.04.017
[35] 严伟平, 曾小波, 杨耀辉. 四川某稀土尾矿综合回收利用的选矿试验研究[J]. 有色金属(选矿部分), 2019, 4:9-15.YAN W P, ZENG X B, YANG Y H. Study on beneficiation test of comprehensive recovery and utilization of rare earth tailings in Sichuan Province[J]. Nonferrous Metals (Mineral Processing Section), 2019, 4:9-15.
YAN W P, ZENG X B, YANG Y H. Study on beneficiation test of comprehensive recovery and utilization of rare earth tailings in Sichuan Province[J]. Nonferrous Metals (Mineral Processing Section), 2019, 4:9-15.
[36] 曾小波, 印万忠. 共伴生型萤石矿浮选研究进展与展望[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2021(1):1-7.ZENG X B, YIN W Z. Research progress and prospect of flotation of associated fluorite minerals[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2021(1):1-7. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2021.01.001
ZENG X B, YIN W Z. Research progress and prospect of flotation of associated fluorite minerals[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2021(1):1-7. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2021.01.001
[37] 何剑, 杨晓军, 韩远燕. 新型抑制剂在稀土尾矿综合回收萤石重晶石中的应用[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2015(5):65-69.HE J, YANG X J, HAN Y Y. Application of new depressant in fluorite and barite recovery from rare-earth tailings[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2015(5):65-69. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2015.05.016
HE J, YANG X J, HAN Y Y. Application of new depressant in fluorite and barite recovery from rare-earth tailings[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2015(5):65-69. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2015.05.016
[38] 张红涛, 宋翔宇, 黄业豪, 等. 新型捕收剂YS-1浮选某萤石矿的试验研究[J]. 非金属矿, 2022, 45(3):63-69.ZHANG H T, SONG X Y, HUANG Y H, et al. Experimental study on the flotation of a fluorite ore with a new trapping agent YS-1[J]. Non-metallic Mines, 2022, 45(3):63-69. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8098.2022.03.016
ZHANG H T, SONG X Y, HUANG Y H, et al. Experimental study on the flotation of a fluorite ore with a new trapping agent YS-1[J]. Non-metallic Mines, 2022, 45(3):63-69. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8098.2022.03.016
[39] 呼振峰, 阳光, 罗科华, 等. 低温捕收剂BK421浮选内蒙古某萤石矿应用研究[J]. 有色金属(选矿部分), 2022(3):144-149.HU Z F, YANG G, LUO K H, et al. Application of low temperature collector BK421 in flotation of fluorite ore from Inner Mongolia[J]. Nonferrous Metals (Mineral Processing Section), 2022(3):144-149.
HU Z F, YANG G, LUO K H, et al. Application of low temperature collector BK421 in flotation of fluorite ore from Inner Mongolia[J]. Nonferrous Metals (Mineral Processing Section), 2022(3):144-149.
[40] 曾令明, 耿志强, 张红华, 等. 某氟碳铈稀土矿混合浮选捕收剂优化实验研究[J]. 铜业工程, 2022(3):39-44.ZENG L M, GENG Z Q, ZHANG H H, et al. Experimental study on optimization of collector for mixed flotation of bastnaesite[J]. Copper Engineering, 2022(3):39-44. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-3842.2022.03.009
ZENG L M, GENG Z Q, ZHANG H H, et al. Experimental study on optimization of collector for mixed flotation of bastnaesite[J]. Copper Engineering, 2022(3):39-44. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-3842.2022.03.009
-
计量
- 文章访问数: 28
- PDF下载数: 18
- 施引文献: 0
下载: