Experimental Study on Flotation of a Micro-fine Arsenopyrite-type Gold Ore in Central Asia
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摘要:
在全球黄金需求增长、易选冶金矿资源减少的背景下，难处理金矿的开发愈发重要。中亚某金矿储量大，为低硫高砷低品位难处理金矿，Au品位1.53 g/t，金嵌布粒度微细，超60%粒径小于0.01 mm。选矿工艺对比实验结果表明，单一浮选工艺优于摇床—浮选联合工艺。浮选闭路实验采用“一次粗选—一次扫选—两次精选”短流程工艺，配合添加新型有机组合抑制剂EMY-515、新型组合捕收剂EMB-906，获得Au品位40.20 g/t、回收率76.44%的金精矿，尾矿Au含量降至0.37 g/t（生产现场尾矿Au含量0.5～0.6 g/t）。本研究为该类型金矿开发提供了可行方案，为共建“一带一路”国家金矿资源高效开发利用提供技术支撑。
Abstract:Against the backdrop of increasing global gold demand and the depletion of easily treatable gold resources, the development of refractory gold ores has become increasingly important. A gold deposit in Central Asia, characterized by large reserves, low sulfur, high arsenic, and low-grade refractory gold ore, with an Au grade of 1.53 g/t and ultra-fine gold dissemination (over 60% of particles smaller than 0.01 mm), was studied. Comparative beneficiation tests showed that the single flotation process outperformed the combined shaking table-flotation process. The closed-circuit flotation test employed a short-flow process of "one roughing, one scavenging, and two cleaning" stages, in combination with the addition of a novel organic composite depressant EMY-515 and a new composite collector EMB-906. This resulted in a gold concentrate with an Au grade of 40.20 g/t and a recovery rate of 76.44%, while the Au content in the tailings was reduced to 0.37 g/t. This study provides a feasible solution for the development of this type of gold ores and offers technical support for the efficient exploitation and utilization of gold resources in countries along the "Belt and Road" initiative.
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表 1 原矿化学多元素分析结果 单位：%
Table 1. Analysis results of multi-elements in the run-of-mine ore
Au* As Cu S Pb TiO2 K2O Zn Fe Al2O3 SiO2 MgO CaO 1.53 0.31 0.15 0.87 0.26 0.32 2.19 0.011 2.92 7.36 62.19 3.77 6.46 注：*单位为g/t。 
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表 2 原矿矿物组成分析结果 单位：%
Table 2. Analysis results of the mineral composition of the raw ore
石英 方解石 片硅铝石 毒砂和黄铁矿 铁白云石 石膏 其他矿物 34.00 17.90 37.20 1.26 4.50 0.95 4.19
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表 3 工艺流程对比实验结果
Table 3. Results of the comparative test of the process flows
工艺 产品名称 产率/% Au品
位/（g/t）Au回
收率/%摇床―浮选 重选精矿 1.01 10.51 7.27 浮选粗精矿 17.33 4.89 58.05 重选+浮选粗精矿 18.34 5.20 65.32 尾矿 81.66 0.62 34.68 原矿 100.00 1.46 100.00 浮选 浮选粗精矿 19.29 5.32 68.67 尾矿 80.71 0.58 31.33 原矿 100.00 1.49 100.00
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表 4 开路实验结果
Table 4. Results of the open-circuit test
产品名称 产率 Au品位/（g/t） Au回收率/% 金精矿 1.62 44.90 47.73 中矿2 2.60 7.67 13.09 中矿1 8.63 2.93 16.59 扫选中矿 3.84 2.02 5.10 尾矿 83.31 0.32 17.49 原矿 100.00 1.52 100.00
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表 5 闭路实验结果
Table 5. Results of the closed-circuit test
产品名称 产率/% Au品位/（g/t） Au回收率/% 金精矿 2.91 40.20 76.44 尾矿 97.09 0.37 23.56 原矿 100.00 1.53 100.00
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表 6 金精矿多元素分析结果 单位：%
Table 6. Analysis results of multi-elements of concentrate
Au* As Cu S Pb TiO2 K2O Zn Fe Al2O3 SiO2 MgO CaO 40.3 8.42 3.30 24.14 0.21 0.19 0.54 0.19 26.07 2.43 34.02 5.11 3.80 注：*单位为g/t。
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表 7 尾矿多元素分析结果 单位：%
Table 7. Analysis results of multi-elements of tailings
Au* As Cu S Pb TiO2 K2O Zn Fe Al2O3 SiO2 MgO CaO 0.36 0.055 0.053 0.125 0.015 0.35 2.22 0.009 2.23 7.51 66.00 3.67 6.61 注：*单位为g/t。
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