ZONING EVALUATION OF MINE GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT IN XUCHANG CITY, HENAN PROVINCE
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摘要:
以斜坡单元作为评价单元, 通过建立区域地质环境背景、资源损毁和地质灾害3要素评价指标体系, 对各评价指标进行量化, 赋予权重, 利用GIS图层叠加分析, 对许昌市矿山地质环境进行分区评价. 分区结果与现状调查结果较为一致, 验证了此方法的实用性, 为规划与治理该地区矿山环境地质问题提供参考依据.
Abstract:Taking slope unit as evaluation unit, through establishing the evaluation index system of three factors including regional geological environment background, resource damage and geological hazard, the evaluation indexes are quantified and weighted to make the zoning evaluation of mine geological environment in Xuchang City by layer overlapping analysis of GIS technology. The zoning results are consistent with the current survey, which verifies the practicability of the method and provides reference for planning and treatment of mine geological environment in the area.
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Key words:
- GIS /
- slope unit /
- mine geological environment /
- zoning evaluation /
- geological hazard /
- Henan Province
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表 1 矿山地质环境评价指标体系
Table 1. Evaluation index system of mine geological environment
要素层 指标层 组成要素 区域地质
环境背景地形地貌 地形坡度 植被覆盖 植被覆盖程度 多年平均降水 年降水量强度 资源损毁 土地压占与破坏 采矿场+废石堆+煤矸石占压土地等 地形地貌景观破坏 破坏面积及强度 水资源破坏 破坏强度 地质灾害 地面塌陷 影响范围 地裂缝 破坏程度 崩塌及隐患 可能造成的影响与危害 
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表 2 各指标因子等级及其赋值标准和加权评定分值
Table 2. Grading of each index factors with assignment standard and weighted evaluation score
分级 Ⅰ级 Ⅱ级 Ⅲ级 Ⅳ级 因子评定分值 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.9 加权评定分值 < 0.4 0.4~0.6 0.6~0.8 >0.8
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表 3 各评价指标等级分级
Table 3. Grading of each evaluation index
要素层 指标层 影响程度分级及量值 好（0.3） 较好（0.5） 较差（0.7） 区域地质
环境背景地形地貌坡度/（°） < 10 10~30 >30 植被覆盖/% >40 20~40 < 20 多年平均降水/mm < 400 400~600 >600 资源损毁 土地压占与破坏 较轻 较严重 严重 地形地貌破坏 较轻 较严重 严重 含水层破坏/（m3/d） 3000 300~10000 ＞10000 地质灾害 地面塌陷/km2 < 0.1 0.1~1 >1 地裂缝/m < 100 100~500 >500 崩塌及隐患/104 m3 < 1 1~10 >10
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表 4 许昌地区矿山地质环境评价指标权重
Table 4. Weights of mine geological environment evaluation index in Xuchang area
要素层 权重 指标层 权重 地质环境条件 0.105 地形地貌 0.163 植被覆盖 0.540 多年平均降水 0.297 资源损毁 0.258 土地压占与破坏 0.412 地形地貌破坏 0.421 水资源破坏 0.167 地质灾害 0.637 地面塌陷 0.446 地裂缝 0.243 崩塌及隐患 0.088 采空区 0.223
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