SUITABILITY EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY BASED ON SPONGY BODY IN-SITU TEST AND ITS APPLICATION: A Case Study of Xinxiang City, Henan Province
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摘要:
海绵城市是针对城市建设中解决城市雨洪问题提出的生态理念，其本质是通过渗、蓄、净、排等手段解决城市水资源问题的综合治理.本研究从环境地质条件出发，考虑海绵城市建设中地质体的海绵属性，开展研究区原位双环渗水试验和工程钻孔，针对原始海绵地质条件的降雨入渗最大深度和地表土体渗水速度进行分析，提出海绵渗水、海绵蓄水两个指标.该指标可有效表示及概括海绵城市建设中环境地质适宜性，易得易懂，具有较强的普适性，易于推广.最后以中国中部城市新乡市为例，进行海绵城市建设环境地质适宜性评价.
Abstract:Sponge city is an ecological concept proposed to solve the problem of rainfall flood in urban construction, aiming to realize the comprehensive treatment of urban water resources by means of seepage, storage, purification and discharge. Starting with the environmental geological conditions and considering the sponge properties of geological bodies in sponge city construction, the study carries out the in-situ double-ring infiltration test and engineering drilling in the study area, analyzes the maximum rainfall infiltration depth and surface soil water seepage speed in the original sponge geological conditions, and proposes two indexes of water seepage and storage which can effectively represent and summarize the environmental geological suitability in sponge city construction, with strong universality, easy to spread. Finally, Xinxiang City in central China is taken as an example to evaluate the environmental geological suitability of sponge city construction
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表 1 渗水试验结果与降雨等级对应表
Table 1. Infiltration test results and corresponding rainfall levels
土质类型 渗水速度/（mm/d） 渗透系数/（cm/s） 能吸收的雨强 降雨级别 降水量/（mm/d） 黏土 4.12 ＜1.2×10-6 小雨 小雨 0.1~9.9 粉黏 5.18 1.2×10-6~60×10-6 小雨 小雨 0.1~9.9 粉土 6.61 60×10-6~300×10-6 小雨 小雨 0.1~9.9 黄土 6.73 0.3×10-3~0.6×10-3 小雨 小雨 0.1~9.9 粉砂 18.36 0.6×10-3~1.2×10-3 中雨 中雨 10~24.9 细砂 22.75~31.76 1.2×10-3~6.0×10-3 大雨 大雨 25~49.9 中砂 57.86~81.32 6.0×10-3~24×10-3 暴雨 暴雨 50~99.9 粗砂 87.46~125.23 24×10-3~60×10-3 大暴雨 大暴雨 100~249.9 砾石 289.26~342.32 60×10-3~180×10-3 特大暴雨 特大暴雨 大于250 注：降雨不产生径流. 
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表 2 研究区"海绵体"海绵能力计算结果
Table 2. Calculation results of sponge capacity of "sponge body" in the study area
点号 包气带厚度/m 渗水能力V/10-6 蓄水能力P XXSL01-01 11.88 37.3673 1.463054187 XXSL01-02 13.02 4.90682 1.603448276 XXSL01-03 12.91 8.49257 1.589901478 XXSL01-04 12.26 5.09554 1.509852217 XXSL01-05 12.28 4.24628 1.512315271 XXSL01-06 12.19 3.82166 1.501231527 XXSL02-01 11.38 5.9448 1.401477833 XXSL02-02 10.31 6.36943 1.269704433 XXSL02-03 8.41 1.42675 1.035714286 XXSL02-04 8.35 0.339703 1.028325123 XXSL02-05 9.11 1.01911 1.121921182 XXSL03-01 13.41 0.815287 1.651477833 ...... ...... ...... ...... XXSL14-09 4.34 1.22293 0.534482759 XXSL14-10 4.27 0.509554 0.525862069
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